ATOMIC STRUCTURE

AT THIS END OF THIS PRESENTATION

I CAN ;
1. Determine the theory of the atomic model
2. Recognize the different models of the
atom using their symbol and functions
 EARLY HISTORY OF THE ATOM
Matter is composed of indivisible building blocks . This idea was recorded as early
as the fifth century BCE by Leucippus and Democritus . The Greeks called these
particles atomas , meaning indivisible , and the modern word “ atom “ is derived
from this term.

Dalton’s experiments with gases led to some of the earliest measurements of atomic
masses and a concept of atomic structure and reactivity. Dalton’s atomic theory
contained the following ideas :

● All atoms of a given element are identical

● The atoms of different elements vary in mass and size
● Atoms are indestructible . Chemical reaction may result in their rearrangement
, but not their creation or destruction
FAMOUS ATOMIC MODEL & THEIR ASSOCIATED

SCIENTIST
JOHN DALTON
( 6 September 1766 - 27 July
1884
John ) is known for atomic theory , law of
Dalton
multiple proportions , Dalton’s law of partial pressures and
Daltonism. Dalton’s atomic theory proposed that all
matter was composed of atoms indivisible and
indestructible building blocks . While all atoms of an
element were identical , different elements had atoms of
different size and mass
 Sir Joseph John
Thomson
( 18 December 1856 - 30 August
Thomson is known for plum pudding model ,
1940 of) electron , mass spectrometer invention
discovery
and many more. The Nobel Prize in Physics in 1906
was awarded to Joseph John Thomson “ in
recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and
experimental investigation on the conduction of
electricity by gases “
 Ernest Rutherford
( 30 August 1871 - 19
October 1937 )
Rutherford is known for his pioneering studies of
radioactivity and the atoms . He discovered that there are
two types of radiation , alpha and beta particles coming
from uranium . He found that atom consists mostly of
empty space , with its mass concentrated in a central
positively charged nucleus. In 1991 , he was the first to
discover that atoms have a small charged nucleus
surrounded by largely empty space , and circled by tiny
electrons , which became known as the Rutherford model
of the atom
 Niels Henrik David
Bohr
( 7 October 1885 - 18
Bohr is known for Bohr magneton ,
November
Bohr 1962
model , Bohr ) and many more .
radius
He was one of the foremost scientist of
modern physics , best known for his
substantial contributions to quantum theory
and his Nobel Prize- winning research on
the structure of atoms.
 Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander
Schrodinger
( 12 August 1887 - 18
Schrodinger was a noted theoretical physicist
November 1961
and scholar who came )up with a groundbreaking
wave equation for electron movements. He was
awarded the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physics He’s
model shows the electrons moving around the
nucleus in wave-like motions called “ orbitals “.
Subatomic particle , also called elementary particle , any various
self-contained units of matter r energy that are fundamental
constituents of all matter.
PROTONS - protons were discovered by Ernest Rutherford in the year
1919 , when he performed his gold foil experiment

ELECTRONS - Electrons were discovered by Sir John Joseph Thomson in

1897 . After many experiments involving cathode rays , J.J Thomson
demonstrated the ratio of mass to electric charge of cathode rays

NEUTRONS - Neutrons were discovered by James Chadwick in 1932 ,

when he demonstrated that penetrating radiation incorporated beams of neutral
particles.
AND THATS ALL
THANK YOUUU