IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF

REQUIREMENTS IN RIZAL

SUBMITTED BY: MARC ACY T. ROA

SUBMITTED TO: MRS. ESTRELLITA AMANINCHE
 Jose Rizal and the
philippine nationalism:
bayani and kabayanihan
BAYANI AT KABAYANIHAN
✣ The word “Bayani” or hero in Filipino is someone who saves
somebody’s lives. However, this word carries a deeper context
wherein only those people who are willing to suffer and sacrifice
themselves for the good of the country are worthy enough to
becalled as such. Being called a hero requires a greater act of
bravery.
✣ Dr. Jose P. Rizal was a man of intellectual power and artistic talent
whom Filipinos honor as their national hero. Rizal is not only
admired for possessing intellectual brilliance but also for taking a
stand and resisting the Spanish colonial government. Rizal will
always be remembered for his compassion towards the Filipino
people and the country.

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✣ Another remarkable hero that we all know is Andres Bonifacio. The
Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
Bayan or KKK played a huge role in the revolt of the Filipinos
against the Spaniards. In he center of that revolution was its
founder, Supremo Andres Bonifacio.
✣ Furthermore, Filipinos also remember General Antonio Luna as a
brilliant, brave soldier and tactician of the second phase of the
Revolution and the proverbial hothead but never as the excellent
scientist. his words before leaving exile in Europe for Manila are
apt: “I will fight and offer my life, my small knowledge and science
for the liberation of the Motherland.

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✣ What does it take to be a hero? The heroism in real life does not
require someone to sacrifice his or her life to be called a bayani.
The act of heroism is debatable to some people however, for any
hero, it's enough just knowing they helped someone else. That's
what makes them a true heroism.

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DR. JOSE P. RIZAL
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL

Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado Y Alonso

Realonda was born on June 19, 1861 to
Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonzo in the
town of Calamba in the province of Laguna.
He had nine sisters and one brother. At the
early age of three, the future political leader
had already learned the English alphabet.
And, by the age of five, he could already read
and write (Valdeavilla, 2018).

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✣ Rizal had been very vocal against the Spanish government, but in a
peaceful and progressive manner. For him, "the pen was mightier than the
sword." And through his writings, he exposed the corruption and
wrongdoings of government officials as well as the Spanish friars. While in
Barcelona, Rizal contributed essays, poems, allegories, and editorials to the
Spanish newspaper, La Solidaridad. Most of his writings, both in his essays
and editorials, centered on individual rights and freedom, specifically for
the Filipino people. As part of his reforms ko, he even called for the
inclusion of the Philippines to become a province of Spain. But, among his
best works, two novels stood out from the rest.

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 Noli Me Tangere
(Touch Me Not)
and
El Filibusterismo
(The Reign of the Greed).
✣ In both novels, Rizal harshly criticized the Spanish colonial rule in
the country and exposed the ills of Philippine society at the time.
And because he wrote about the injustices and brutalities of the
Spaniards in the country, the authorities banned Filipinos from
reading the controversial books. Yet they were not able to ban it
completely.

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Execution of Rizal
✣ Days before his execution, Rizal bid farewell to his motherland and countrymen through
one of his final letters, entitled Mi ltimo adios or My Last Farewell. Dr. Jose Rizal was
executed on the morning of December 30, 1896, in what was then called Bagumbayan
(now referred to as Luneta). Upon hearing the command to shoot him, he faced the squad
and uttered in his final breath: "Consummatum est" (It is finished). According to
historical accounts, only one bullet ended the life of the Filipino martyr and hero.

✣ The Americans decided for him being a national hero at their time in the country. It is said
that the Americans, Civil Governor William Howard Taft, chose Jose Rizal to be the
national hero as a strategy. Rizal didn't want bloody revolution in his time. So they
wanted him to be a "good example" to the Filipinos so that the people will not revolt
against the Americans. Rizal became a National Hero because he passed the criteria by
being a National Hero during the American period.

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PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION
✣ Progressive education is a reaction to the traditional style of teaching. It's a
pedagogical movement that values experience overlearning facts at the expense of
understanding what is being taught. When you examine the teaching styles and
curriculum of the 19th century, you understand why certain educators decided
that there had to be a better way. Talisay: the first progressive school in Asia Upon his
arrival in Dapitan, Rizal lived in the house of the governor and military commandant,
Capt. Ricardo Carnicero, which was just across the town’s central plaza.
✣ He later bought, with Carnicero and another Spaniard residing in Dipolog, a lottery ticket.
This was to prove fortuitous. Rizal’s lottery ticket won second prize—20,000
pesos—which was awarded on September 21, 1892, and promptly divided among
themselves by the three men. From his share of 6,200 pesos, Rizal gave 2,000 pesos to his
father and 200 pesos to pay his debt to his friend Basa in Hong Kong. With what
remained of his lottery earnings, Rizal was able to move to Talisay, a coastal barrio off the
Dapitan poblacion named after the talisay, a large deciduous tree that is usually found
along Philippine seashores.

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Rizal bought a 16-hectare piece ofl and. But, as he noted in his February 8,
1893 letter to his brother-in-law Manuel Hidalgo, there were no talisay trees in
Talisay, so Rizal thought of naming his place Balunò or Baunò, after the large trees
that actually grew there. The first thing he did was to clear the land “to sow rice and corn”.
Then he built a house, a clinic and a school for local boys who he described as mostly “poor
and intelligent.” On March 7, 1893, he wrote to Hidalgo saying: “My house will be finished
either tomorrow or after tomorrow. It is very pretty forits price (40 pesos) and it turned out
better than what I wanted. My lot cannot be better and I am improving it every day... I’m sure
that if you come, you will be pleased with my property. I have plenty of land to accommodate
at least five families with houses andorchards.

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 SOCIAL
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
✣ In addition to being Dapitan’s unofficial or non-governmental public health provider,
Rizal engaged in what we now call “social entrepreneurship”, perhaps the first Filipino, if not
the first Asian, to do so. Social entrepreneurship is innovative business activity aimed
principally at benefiting and transforming the community in which it is undertaken (with most
of the profit reinvested back into the community). Rizal formed Dapitan’s first farmers’
cooperative, the Sociedad de Agricultores Dapitanos (SAD), where capital was to be provided
by “socios industriales” (industrial partners) and “socios accionistas” (shareholders).
✣ As stated in the Estatutos de LA Sociedad de Agricultores Dapitanos, 1 Enero 1895, the
SAD aimed to “improve/promote agricultural products, obtain better profits for them, provide
capital for the purchase of these goods, and help to the extent possible the harvesters and
laborers by means of Astore (co-op) where articles of basic necessity are sold at moderate
prices”.

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✣ Rizal also engaged in a joint-venture with a certain Carreon (a Spanish
businessman) for the construction and operation of a lime-burner (for making building
mortar), whereby Rizal would provide capital and Carreon would mobilize and supervise labor
whose wages were to be paid by Rizal; these advances would be deducted from the sale
proceeds of lime, the profit thereof to be equally divided between Rizal and Carreon.

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 COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
Doctor Social Worker Farmer Social Entrepreneur Engineer

Town Planner School Founder Teacher Scientist

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✣ Civic Volunteer- he was unwaged and without an official title.
✣ Active participation in the public life of a community in an informed,
committed and constructive manner with a focus on the common good.
✣ Whatever earnings he made from his social entrepreneurship and from his
wealthy patients went to the upkeep of his household, school and hospital.
✣ He took to his tasks with vigor and vitality—mindful that they were all part
of his pledge to do everything he could for Dapitan.

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✣ The model community that Rizal built in Talisay has since been made into a
stale museum of replicas of his house, school and clinic, sitting like
fossilized relics on manicured lawns for the benefit of the uncomprehending
tourist. This shrine, which is overseen by the National Historical
Commission (formerly the National Historical Institute) but managed by the
local government, comprises 10 hectares of Rizal’s original 16-hectare
property in Talisay.

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✣ .

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✣ Many of Rizal’s community projects must have been carried out through a
system of cooperative labor that we now call batarisan. We could likewise
imagine that the many recipients of Rizal’s services as a medical doctor, a
secondary school teacher, a community worker, and organizer/manager of
his farm cooperative ‘paid’ or reciprocated by lending their labor-time to his
community projects. Thus, even with minimal financial resources, the
projects were realized by sheer community spirit.

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RIZAL AWAKENED THE MIND
AND PERSPECTIVE OF
FILIPINOS TOWARDS
NATIONALISM
✣ Rizal’s chief aim was to reform Philippine society, first by uncovering its ills
and second, by awakening the Filipino youth. His enemies were the oppressive
colonial government, but especially the corrupt elements among the friars,
members of the religious orders that exerted the greatest influence over the
government and thereby held complete sway over the lives of the Filipinos.
Rizal knew the best way to awaken the youth and lead them toward right action
was through education, but especially foreign education. For local education,
being controlled by the friars then kept the Filipinos in the dark, ignorant of
their rights and heritage- and meek in the face of oppression.

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✣ This was partly why he left for Spain in 1882, to continue his studies
there. Of his vision for the Filipinos, Rizal wrote his comrade Mariano
Ponce in 1888: “Let this be our only motto: For the welfare of the
Native Land. On the day when all Filipinos should think like him [Del
Pilar] and like us, on that day we shall have fulfilled our arduous
mission, which is the formation of the Filipino nation”. To Rizal that
nation was a nation free of injustice, oppression and corruption. May
the Filipinos of today finally begin fulfilling this timeless challenge of
Rizal. (Reyno, 2012).

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 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!

May Pineda Ma. Franchesca Salguet Sherina Ann Rose Paraiso Carolyn Nepomuceno Elizhaleen Rubio
Leader Member Member Member Member

Marc Acy Roa Mikko Pantoja

Member Member

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