Remind yourself….

• How are GPE and KE related?

• What is the equation for a change in GPE?
• What is the equation for kinetic energy?
• What are the units of GPE and KE?
• What is the principle of the conservation of
energy?
• How do you calculate efficiency?
• Name 6 different forms of energy
 Energy transferred = work done

Work is done whenever a force acts to move

something. Work is done BY the force. By moving
something, the force transfers energy to it, and work
has been done on the body that is moved.

•Is work done in these examples?

Work done • Climbing a set of stairs.
• Thinking about how to solve an equation.
• Accelerating at the start of a race.
• Standing still waiting for a friend.
• Putting a book back on a shelf.
 • Demonstrate understanding that work
done = energy transferred.
• Relate work done to the magnitude of a
Today’s force and the distance moved in the
Learning direction of the force.
• Recall and use W = F x d = ΔE
 A force does work whenever it transfers energy.

Work done = energy transferred

W = ΔE

Examples:
• Pushing a trolley to start it moving. The pushing
Examples force does work and increases the trolley’s kinetic
energy.
• Dropping a ball. Gravity does work on the ball
and increases its kinetic energy.
• Braking to stop a car. The brakes provide friction
that does work to decrease the car’s kinetic
energy.
Work done depends on two things:
1. The size of the force.
2. The distance moved.

• a greater force means more work.

• a larger distance means more work.
 Work done

Work = force x distance moved (in direction of force)

W = F x d = ΔE
What do you think the units of work done are?
The units of work done are joules because work done
means energy transferred.
 A crane lifts a crate upwards by a height of 50m. The
crate has a mass of 500 kg. How much energy is
transferred to the crate?

Remember energy transferred = work done so we

need to calculate work done.

Work done = force x distance moved in direction of

How to force
The force is the crate’s weight: W = mg = 500 x 10 =
calculate 5000 N
Work done = force x distance moved in direction of
force
Work done = mg x h = mgh = 5000 x 50 = 250,000 J

Notice that work done = gain in GPE in this example.

This is always true when something is lifted vertically.
It is also true when something is pushed up a slope if
we can ignore friction.
 Work done
Work done = force x distance moved in direction of force
Explain why the work done in lifting a hay bale from the
ground floor to the top floor is 3000J.
 Estimate work done in these 6 different examples:
• standing up on a stool
• standing up on a desk
• lifting a weight up 5 times
• doing a press-up
• lifting your arm up
Job for you • walking up a flight of stairs

•Remember 1 kg has a weight of 10 N

•work done = force x distance moved in direction of
force
 Work done = force x distance moved in direction of force.

Work done If the force does not move an object through a distance in
the same direction as the force, no work is done.
 Further
Answer the questions about work done in your
work and booklet.

homework Extension questions in the next slide.

1) A person climbs onto a table 1.2m high. Their weight is
650 newtons. How much work has been done by their
muscles? 780 J
2) What types of energy have been involved in the transfer
process above? Chemical to KE to GPE
3) A book has a weight of 0.8N. It is placed on a shelf 70 cm
above where it was originally located. Calculate the work
done. 0.56 J
4) A box of mass 2kg is lifted on to a shelf 2m high. What is
the work done? 40 J
5) An elevator of mass 700kg raises two people of mass
60kg and 70kg up three floors 12m above ground level.
Calculate the work done by the lift motor. 99,600 J
work done kinetic work done kinetic

strain energy nuclear strain energy nuclear

efficiency joules light efficiency joules light
energy conservation energy conservation

thermal energy sound thermal energy sound

chemical electrical chemical electrical

GPE useful energy GPE useful energy

total energy input 100% total energy input 100%

 Homework
Questions 1-2 on p 63 in textbook.