TITLE : KNEE

GROUP MEMBER

MEI HUI ANAK PAULSOON (2020831264)

NURUL SYAFIRAH BINTI JAMLUN (2020836644)
ANDRIA FERNENDEZ ANAK MICHEAL LIPIN (2020871722)
HARRY HAROLD (2020836602)
MUHAMMAD NAJMUDDIN FAKHRULLAH BIN REDUAN (2020875466)
 Content
1. Anatomy of knee (muscle and bone)
2. Anatomy of knee (ligament and tendon)
3. Mechanisms of injury
4. Technique of strapping
5. Patellofemoral injury
 1. Anatomy of knee
for muscle and bone
Definition of the knee anatomy

 The femur meets the tibia to form the main

knee joint.
 Joint has an inner (medial) and an outer
(lateral) compartment.
 Muscle of knee
KNEE Knee muscles include quadriceps
femoris, hamstrings and calf
muscles. Muscles work in groups
to bend, stretch and stabilize the
knee joint.
bone of knee
Connect the thigh bone (femur)
to the tibia (tibia). Smaller
bones extending along the tibia
(fibula) and patella (patella) are
other bones that make up the
knee joint.
ANATOMY muscle of
knee
 MUSCLE

Anterior View Medial View

 MUSCLE

Posterior View Lateral view

ANATOMY bone of knee
 BONE

Anterior View Posterior View

 BONE
Medial View
Lateral view
 2. ANATOMY OF
KNEE (LIGAMENT
AND TENDON)
 LIGAMEN
T&
TENDON

LIGAMENT OF
KNEE TENDON OF KNEE

KNEE Tendons extending

Strong elastic bands of the
tissue that connect bone to bone.
downward from the
quadriceps femoris of the
thigh join the patella and
connect it to the tibia to
provide extension of the
knee joint.
 ANATOMY
LIGAMENT OF
KNEE
 LIGAMENT
Posterior View Anterior View
 LIGAMENT
Lateral View Medial View
 ANATOMY
TENDON OF
KNEE
TENDON
TENDON
3. MECHANISMS
OF
INJURY
 CONTENTS OF THIS TEMPLATE
Here’s what you’ll find in this presentation:

• Mechanism of Injury: – Definition – Symptoms

• Things to Consider – Treatment – Prevention
01

DEFINITON
• The Mechanism of Injury (MOI) refers to the
way damage to skin, muscles, organs and bones
happen
– Validates clinical findings for MD
– Determine clinical outliers
– Helps payors determine compensable injuries
 FOUR TYPES OF KNEE INJURY

Lateral Anterior Posterior

Medial collateral collateral cruciate cruciate
ligament (MCL) injury ligament (LCL) ligament (ACL) ligament (PCL)
injury injury injury
02

SYMPTOMS
SYMPTOMS OF KNEE INJURY

If you have injured one or more of the ligaments

in your knee, the symptoms are likely to be
similar regardless of the ligament that is injured.
Symptoms can include:

- A popping sound
- Swelling of your knee.
- Pain in your knee.
03

TREATMENT
 TREATMENT FOR KNEE
INJURIES

REST ICE
Rest your affected knee Ice should be applied as
for 48-72 hours soon as possible after your
knee injury

COMPRESSION ELEVATION
Compression with a Elevation aims to limit and
bandage will limit swelling reduce any swelling.
04

PREVENTION
 PREVENTION FROM KNEE INJURY

During an exercise session, or if you are playing sport,

make sure that you warm up at the start of your training.

This increases the flow of blood to your muscles and

helps to loosen up your joint movements.

Warming up may also help to prevent injury.

4. LIGAMENT
INJURY
INTRODUCTION

Ligament damage often happens from a sports

injury. A torn ligament severely limits knee
movement. This results in the inability to pivot,
turn, or twist the leg.
 MECHANISM

DIRECT INDIRECT

LIGAMENT
INJURY 1. Happen because athlete
MECHANISM try to change direction 2. Injured because of
rapidly excessive twist
 Pain on effected
A pop are heard
area
when injury occured
LIGAMENT
INJURY
SYMTOPMS

Swelling and Fiber on effected area

stifness are torn
 EQUIPMENT

FIXOMULE RIGID TAPE Elastic tape

TAPE
 LIGAMENT STRAPING TECHNIQUE

1. Using fixomule tape apply

anchor strips
 LIGAMENT STRAPING TECHNIQUE

2. Use rigid tape to wrap around

the lower leg and thigh
 LIGAMENT STRAPING TECHNIQUE

3. From lower leg stretch

and wrap across to the top
knee. Repeat on the other
side
 LIGAMENT STRAPING TECHNIQUE

4. From the upper side of

knee stretch and wrap
across to the bottom to
lower leg. Repeat on the
other side
 LIGAMENT STRAPING TECHNIQUE

5.Repeat step 3 and 4 two or

three times. Repetition of the
step should form diamond shape
and left knee cap expose.
 LIGAMENT STRAPING TECHNIQUE

6.Using elastic tape, wrap

the top of strapping to
finish it off.
5. PATELLOFEMORAL INJURY
PATELLOFEMORAL
INJURY
•Anterior knee pain resulting from
physical and biomechanical changes
in the patellofemoral joint
•Pain occurs with activity, prolonged
sitting and increases with
ascending/descending stairs
•Classified as overuse or overload
injury
PETALLOFEMORAL
INJURY
THE KNEE
• The bony anatomy consists of
the distal femur
with its two condyles, the
proximal tibia with
its two tibial plateaus and the
sesamoid bone in
the quadriceps tendon, the
patella
SUGGESTION
TECHNIQUE
McConnel Technique For Patellofemoral
Injury
• McConnel tapping is strapping technique and
was effective in reducing the pain
• It also effect biomechanics of the joint and
primarily used for neuromuscular reeducation
The Uses
• To limit joint movement
• To support inert structures
• To secure the end of stretch tape
 EFFECT OF
TAPPING
• Longitudinal offload – The free nerve
ending and C-fiber end organ which
enterwine with the tissues by chemical
effects of the tissues under tension
• Transverse offload – inhibitory or may
after the free nerve ending position in
connective tissue. It also used for
correction of positional fault

Longitudinal offload Transverse offload

 Mcconnel Technique For Patellofemoral Injury
• Acts as Proprioceptive biofeedback because the tape has an impact of provide no tension when the
body part is held in certain position
• Avoid abnormal movement and postural pattern
• Altering muscle function- tapping is applied in a fashion that chronically inhibited muscle is held in a
shortened position
• Tapping also can be applied in such fashion that relatively short, overactive, muscle is held in
lengthened position
Type of tapping :
1. Longitudinal
2. Transverse
3. Offloading
4. Corrective
5. Box tapping