Combating Trafficking

a
presentation
By

Dr. K.P. Singh, IPS

DGP (Crime), Haryana

20 January , 2015 Panipat

 Human Trafficking
is
as prevalent , present & real
as
Earth, water and air
 REASONS BEHIND HT
• Prostitution
• Religious Traditions
• Labor Exploitation
• Organ Trading
• Begging , Entertainment
• Adoption
• Marriages
• Pornography
• Enmity
3
 HUMAN TRAFFICKING IS A REALITY
ekuo rLdjh ,d gdhdr gS

• 2nd largest criminal industry after drug trafficking.

• 2.70 crore people are victims of HT world wide.
• 95 % experience physical or sexual violence
• 40 lac prostitutes in India
• 40 % of them are minor
• 80 % victims of HT are women & girls
4
 ekuo rLdjh ds fo:} tax fu.kkZ;d
lkfcr ugha gqbZ gSA
Combating Trafficking has been a
non-priority , neglected and unimportant
area for
the police, the people and the society

5
 euq"; xqyke ugha cuuk
pkgrk]
ij] xqykeh ilUn djrk gSA

Man does not want to become slave

but likes slavery and servitude
 HUMAN TARFFICKING
ekuo rLdjh dh ifjHkk"kk
Traffic in human being means selling and buying men
and women like goods.

'kjhj vkSj Je ds 'kks"k.k ds fy, xktj&ewyh dh rjg

euq";ksa dh [kjhn&Qjks[r djuk gh ekuo rLdjh gSA

Raj Bahadur Vs. Legal Remembrance

• AIR 1953 Cal. 522

7
SECTION 370 IPC - TRAFFICKING OF PERSON
ekuo rLdjh dh dkuwuh
ifjHkk"kk
(1) Whoever, for the purpose of exploitation, (a) recruits,
(b) transports, (c) harbours, (d) transfers, or (e) receives,
a person or persons, by –
First –using threats, or
Secondly- using force, or any other form of coercion, or
Thirdly- by abduction, or
Fourthly- by practicing fraud, or deception, or
Fifthly- by abuse of power, or
Sixthly- by inducement, including the giving or receiving of
payment or benefits, in order to achieve the consent of any
person having control over the person 8
 rLdjh ds f’kdkj yksxksa dk
'kks"k.k
1. Whoever, knowingly or having reason to believe that a minor has
been trafficked, engages such minor for sexual exploitation in any
manner, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term
which shall not be less than five years, but which may extend to
seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.

2. Minimum of 3 years to 5 years and fine in case of exploitation of

an adult trafficked person.
9
 LEGAL TOOLS FOR COMBAT
ekuo rLdjh ls tqM+s dkuwu
- IPC sections 370,370-A, 363,373 & so many others

- PITA 1986- Immoral Trafficking

- Juvenile Justice Act 2000
- POCSO, 2012
- Child labour prohibition Act, 1976
- Child Marriage Restraints Act, 1929
- Indecent Representation of women Act 1986
- Bonded Labour Act 10
ekuo rLdjh ds fo:} vk/kh&v/kwjh
tax

11
 ROOTS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
Human trafficking is economy driven & demand
generated .
D;ksafd
Demand &Supply nexus xjhch cktkj ltkrh gS A vkSj
• Poverty vehjh mu cktkjksa dks xqytkj
djrh gSA
• Illiteracy and Unemployment
ekuo rLdjh &
• Bad governance fMekaM&lIykbZ dk rkuk&ckuk gSA
• Skewed Development eqQfylh dk jksuk&/kksuk gSA
O;oLFkk dh ukQjekuh gSA
• Gender based violence lekt dh ekSu Lohd`fr gSA
• Demand for the victims dkuwu dh Hkwy&HkqyS;k gSA
O;fDr dh tqjZr gSA
• Poor enforcement of laws ihfM+r dh O;Fkk gSA
• Lack of concern and indifference of the society
12
 Dimensions of HT in India
Hkkjr esa ekuo rLdjh ds vk;ke
- Supplier (Gulf Countries)
- Transit point (For Nepalis and Bangladeshis)
- Receiver (From Nepal and Bangladesh)

Indian share in victims of HT world over is 4.7 %

Young Boys and Girls are trafficked from economically under develop areas to economically well off
states within India.
COMBATTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING
ekuo rLdjh ds fo:} tax dk f=dks.k
Prevention

Protection Prosecution

14
COMBATING HT FOR PROSTITUTION
Three Models
Suppression : To wipe out (American Model)

Regulation : Accept inevitability of prostitution

and direct to prevent and minimize its evil effect
(British Model)

Abolition : Of all control

It recognizes prostitution as a trade/profession and
abolish all restriction and control.

15
COMBATING PROSTITUTION: PHILOSOPHICAL
CONTOURS

16
 ISSUES IN COMBATTING TRAFFICKING
1. Laws are potent, enforcement is weak
dkuwu etcwr] fdz;kUo;u detksj]
• Police not catching the traffickers
• Role ambiguity- moral policing vs law enforcement
• Treating victims as offenders
• Prosecution & Judiciary not properly sensitized
• Not enough mechanism and infrastructure
• Rohtak Apna Ghar incident
• 90 % of the rescued victims have no option but to get re-
trafficked

17
 2. SOCIETY’S MIND SET

• Not ready to accept victims of human trafficking as

equal human beings worth re-integrating with society

• Response of stake holders has been unwelcoming

generally with few exceptions

18
Family Response

Weep
Curse
Forget &
Hate

19
Police Response

Take
Make
Fake &
Forget

20
Societal Response

Joke
Mock
Laugh &
Hate

21
Protection Home Manager’s Response

Receive
Deceive
Abuse &
Dispose

22
 NGO’s Response
Discovery
Recovery
Custody
Study
Publish &
Rubbish

23
 Ideal Response

Suppress
Prevent
Educate
Regulate
Rehabilitate &
Re-integrate

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 3. CHANGE APPROACH TOWARDS COMBATING
PROSTITUTION
tax dh uhfr cnyuh pkfg, ?
fMekaM &lIykbZ dk dqpdz rksM+uk

• Break demand-supply nexus

• Make prostitution per se an offence & customer
liable
• Attempt in 2006 to amend PITA failed
• Do we have the mechanism & infrastructure to
rehabilitate and reintegrate 40 lac sex workers ?

25
 4. BREAKING DEMAND SUPPLY CIRCLE
(REDUCING DEMAND)
fMekaM dk dqpdz rksM+us dk ldkjkRed lk/ku

• Improve male-female sex ratio

• Proper enforcement of MTP & PCPNDT Laws
• Educating the masses about importance of girl child
• Strengthening moral fiber of the society
• Sex-ratio(0-6) age group- all India- 919, Haryana-
834, improved by 10 points in last decade
26
 5. BREAKING DEMAND-SUPPLY NEXUS
(REDUCING SUPPLY)
lIykbZ dk dqpdz rksM+us ds ldkjkRed lk/ku

• Rehabilitation of children of sex workers

• Reintegration of rescued sex workers
• Post work rehabilitation of sex workers
• Rehabilitation and reintegration of active sex workers
• Ujjawala scheme of Govt. of India

27
 Combating HT for Labour
Exploitation
Je 'kks"k.k ds fy, ekuo&rLdjh ds fo:} tax
Laws are strict, enforcement is weak

• Demand in every middle class family & in small time business

• Mushrooming of placement service agencies
• How to improve enforcement machinery, Non-priority area
• Rehabilitation of the victims, lack of infrastructure
• Public to be awakened for not employing children
• Disabilities of civil nature for industries employing child labour
• Enforcement of Right to education laws
• Definition of child needs revisit
• Zero tolerance on child labour
 COMBATTING TRAFFICKING FOR
MARRIAGES
• Trafficked for marriage, re-trafficked,
re-trafficked and so on
• Breaking the nexus of re-trafficking
• Strict action against traffickers
• Such trafficked women become facilitator
• Trafficked women are treated second rate citizen
• Protection of civil, personal and social rights of
the trafficked brides and their off-springs

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TRAFFICKING FOR ORGAN TRADE, BEGGING
RECREATION, PORNOGRAPHIC PURPOSES

• Laws are strict

• Law enforcement agencies need to
be educated and geared up
• Focus and priority

30
 WHAT IS LACKING?
deh dgka gS ?

• Orientation (n`f"Vdks.k )
• Competency ({kerk )
• Will power (bPNk&’kfDr )
• Public co-operation (tu≶ksx )
• Focus (ladsanz.k )
• Supervision and monitoring (i;Zos{k.k ,oa
leh{kk )
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lgL=kfCn;ksa dh dqizFkk,a ,d fnu esa lekIr ugha gks
ldrhA
 Way ahead……
lq>ko
•NCRB to collect data
•Anti-Human Trafficking Bureau for quality investigation
•National Portal on HT where citizen can upload pictures
and information about trafficked person
•Continuous public awareness campaign
•Create adequate infrastructure for rehabilitation and re-
integration of victims of HT as per PITA, JJ Act etc.
•Central legislation for preventing religious prostitution
& begging
• Improve Sex Ratio,
• Research should be encouraged in the Universities
• Involving civil society,for identification & rehabilitation
• Enforcement of existing laws to be ensured.
• Accountability of all law enforcement agencies
including Police , Labour deptt, Social Welfare deptt,
Health deptt etc. should be fixed for inadequate
enforcement of law.
 Remember
var
esa
• Human life is a gift of our Creator and it should never
be for sale. -President Bush

• ekuo thou fo/kkrk dk ojnku gS ] bls er cspksA

bls fcdus er nksA
 Remember
var
esa
• Human Trafficking is a degradation of our common
Humanity - Barrack Obama

• ekuo&rLdjh ekuo ds iru dh nkLrku gSA

 Remember
var esa

• Civilization can not sustain unless justice is

given to every soul.

• fonzksg dk vadqj vU;k; dh i`"BHkwfe esa

gh vadqfjr gksrk gSA
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