INDIAN AGRICLTURE

Prepared by :- Division – D.

Name of students :-
Prachi Sanjay Kamble Roll No. – 19.
Rucha Dnyanoba Dhumal Roll No. – 34.
Omkar Shivram Jadhav Roll No. – 10.
Omkar Satish Galande Roll No. – 09.
Guide by :-
Dr. Sangita Ulhas Gorde
 Definition
• The science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for
the growing of crops and the rearing of animals
 INTRODUCTION
• One of the strong sector of Indian economy.
• Around 58% population of India depends on Agriculture.
• Average growth rate of agriculture and allied sector in 2006-07 & 2007-08
has been 4% per annum.
• 140.7 million hectare area is available for sown.
• Major agricultural products include rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea.
 HISTORY
• Indian agriculture began by 9000 BC as a result of early cultivation of plants.
• Double monsoon leads two harvest in a year.
• The Grow More Food Campaign (1940s) and the Integrated Production
Program (1950s) focused on food and cash crops supply respectively.
• In 1960s Green revolution took place. Agriculture production rose. Export
increased at 10% in 1990s.
 Indian Agriculture- Some Facts
• India ranks second worldwide in farm output
• Total Geographical Area - 328 million hectares
• Net Area sown - 142 million hectares
• Gross Cropped Area - 190.8 million
• Major Crop Production -
 Rice 94.1 million tones
 Wheat 74.8 million tones
 Coarse Cereals 36.1 million tones
 Pulses 219.3 million tones
 Oilseeds 340.3 million tones
 Food Grains hectares 27.2 million tones
 Indian Agriculture- Some Facts

• Contributes to 14% of GDP

• Provides food to 1 Billion people
• Sustains 65% of the population : helps alleviate poverty
• Produces 51 major Crops
• Provides Raw Material to Industries
• Contributes to 1/6th of the export earnings
 Indian Agriculture Scenario
STRENGTHS
• Indian agriculture is famous for its rich bio-diversity
• Almost 60% of Indian land comprises of agricultural land
• Climate is suitable for agriculture
• Strong and well dispersed research and extension system
 Indian Agriculture Scenario
WEAKNESS
• Average yield in India is just 30% to 50% of the highest average yield in the
world
• Agriculture in India is not technically developed
• Irrigation facilities are inadequate, which results in farmers still being
dependent on rainfall
• Illiteracy and socio-economic backwardness results in low productivity in
India
• Share of agriculture in GDP has declined in past few years
 Indian Agriculture Scenario
OPPORTUNITIES
• Expand operations to include planting and harvesting
• Expanding international level markets
• Partner with firm that only plants and harvests crops
• Technological development in agriculture
• Agro-based Industry
• Agricultural education
 Indian Agriculture Scenario
THREATS
• Unsustainable Resource Use
• Unsustainable Regional Development
• Change in the government policies
• Production of inferior quality of crops
• Repetitive cultivation of two staple crops
• Low productivity
 Mile Stones in Agricultural
Development
• Green Revolution (1968)
• Ever-Green Revolution (1996)
• Blue Revolution (water, fish)
• White Revolution (Milk)
• Yellow Revolution (flower, edible)
• Bio-Technology Revolution
• ICT Revolution
 Green Revolution
• The introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds and the increased use
of fertilizers and irrigation are known as Green Revolution
• It provided the increase in production needed to make India self-sufficient
in food grains
• The production of wheat has produced the best results in fueling self-
sufficiency of India
 NABARD
NABARD is set up as an apex Development Bank with a mandate for
facilitating credit flow for promotion and development of agriculture
 NABARD is entrusted with : -
• Providing refinance to lending institutions in rural areas
• Promoting institutional development
• Evaluating, monitoring and inspecting the client banks