SWIMMING

Peralta, Angelica A.
Tarray, Audrey
Zorilla, Mardevon
DEFINITION
• Swimming, in recreation and sports, the
propulsion of the body through water by
combined arm and leg motions and the
natural flotation of the body.
• Swimming as an exercise is popular as
an all-around body developer and is
particularly useful in therapy and as
exercise for physically handicapped
persons.

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HISTORY OF SWIMMING

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HISTORY
• Archaeological and other evidence shows
swimming to have been practiced as early as
2500 BCE in Egypt and thereafter in
Assyrian, Greek, and Roman civilizations. 
• In Greece and Rome swimming was a part
of martial training and was, with the alphabet,
also part of elementary education for males. 
• In the Orient swimming dates back at least
to the 1st century BCE, there being some
evidence of swimming races then in Japan.
By the 17th century an imperial edict had
made the teaching of swimming compulsory
in the schools.
• Organized swimming events were held in
the 19th century before Japan was opened to
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the Western world.
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COMPETITION VENUE

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….

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 An Olympic-size swimming pool conforms to regulated dimensions that are large enough for international competition.
This type of swimming pool is used in the Olympic Games, where the race course is 50 metres (164.0 ft) in length, typically
referred to as "long course", distinguishing it from "short course" which applies to competitions in pools that are 25 meters
(82.0 ft) in length. If touch panels are used in competition, then the distance between touch panels should be either 25 or 50
metres to qualify for FINA recognition. This means that Olympic pools are generally oversized, to accommodate touch
panels used in competition.

Physical property Specified value

Length 50 m[2]

Width 25.0 m[2]

Depth 2.0 m (6 ft 7 in) minimum, 3.0 m (9 ft 10 in) recommended.[2]

Number of lanes 10

Light intensity minimum 1500 lux (140 footcandles)

Water temperature 25–28 °C (77–82 °F)

Lane width 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in)

2,500,000 L (550,000 imp gal; 660,000 US gal), assuming a

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Volume
2,500 m3 (88,000 cu ft) in cubic units.
About 2 acre-feet.
SKILLS

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SKILLS
1. Water Comfort
- The most basic and essential
swimming skill is simply
becoming comfortable in the
water.  To become more
comfortable in the water, spend
time in a shallow pool or wading
in the ocean. Never enter the
water alone, especially if you
are not a strong swimmer.
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SKILLS
2. Breath Control
-  Learning to control your breathing is
a key component in learning to swim.
Breath control begins with simple
exercises such as drawing a breath,
submerging, blowing bubbles and then
resurfacing for another breath. As your
swimming skills improve, you will learn
specific breathing techniques for
different strokes.

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SKILLS
3. Floating
- Floating, or keeping your body
in a horizontal position in the
water, is a basic water skill.
Humans are naturally buoyant,
and floating is not difficult. Like
any other skill, however, floating
does require a bit of technique. 

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SKILLS
4. Kicking
- Kicking provides propulsion
through the water. Kicking is
also used in treading water,
which is the process of
remaining in one place while
keeping your head above the
water line. 

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SKILLS
5. Strokes
- Strokes are the arm movements
used to pull the body through the
water. The front crawl, sidestroke,
breast stroke, backstroke and butterfly
are the five most common swimming
strokes. Each stoke uses different
body positioning, breathing techniques
and arm movements. Training with a
qualified swimming coach is the best
way to learn the various strokes.
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PROPER BREATHING

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Swimming is the most physically demanding aerobic activity for the
primary reason of finding time to breathe! A proper breathing pattern
occurs as part of your long axis of rotation.
Blowing bubbles in the water as your exhale is the best way to develop a
proper breathing pattern. As your body rotates with forward movement,
you should need to turn your head only slightly to get a full
comfortable breath. Your gaze should be about 5 degrees above the
imaginary line of the water that your body is swimming on. Your head
should not have to be forced to rotate when taking a breath. The turn of
your head should be at a 90 degree to the bottom of the pool or
whatever type of body of water you are swimming in. Each time your
head returns back to the water, exhale completely. As your head rotates
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for a breath, there should be a full and smooth inhale.
RULES AND REGULATIONS

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STARTS
✓ at the start of each heat, the referee signals swimmers with a series of short whistles, at which time the
swimmers remove all excess clothing except swimwear.
✓ on the starter's command, "take your mark", the swimmers assume the starting position with one foot in
front of the starting platform; the swimmers min the water must have one hand on the wall. At this time, the
swimmers wait for the starting signal.

FALSE STARTS
✓any swimmer starting before the signal will be disqualified, if the referee observes and confirms the starter's
observation of the violation.
✓ if a recall signal is sounded inadvertently, no swimmer is charged with a false start.
✓ if a swimmer responds to the "stand up" command and is charges with a false start, he may be relieved of
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the charge.
DISQUALIFICATIONS
✓swimmers can be disqualified for false starts, unsportsmanlike behavior, acting
in an unsafe manner, obstructing another swimmer in the water, entering the
pool before a race has finished or dipping goggles into the pool prior to an
event.
✓if a swimmer stands on the bottom of the pool during any race except the
freestle, he will be disqualified from the race.
✓a swimmer must start and finish the race in the same lane; grasping the lane
dividers is not permitted.

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EQUIPMENTS OR ACCESORIES

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There are also regulations on what types of swimsuits, caps, jewelry and injury
tape that are allowed at competition:
- swimsuit
- swim cap
- goggles
- swim fins
- drag suit
- hand paddles
- Kickboard
- pull buoy
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-ankle bands
-snorkel
-tempo trainer
-zoomers

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 MOST USED SWIMWEARS:
In men, the most used practice swimwear for them includes briefs and
jammers. Males generally swim bare chested. Women wear one-piece suits
with thicker and higher backs for competition, though two-piece suits can
also be worn during practice. Backs vary mainly in strap thickness and
geometric design.
Most common styles include: racerback, axel back, corset, diamondback,
and butterfly-back/Fly-Back. There are also different style lengths: three-
quarter length (reaches the knees), regular length (shoulders to hips), and
bikini style (two-piece). As of 1 January 2010, in competition, women must
ADDwear
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TYPES OF STROKES

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1. FREESTYLE
- The freestyle stroke, also known
as front crawl, is the fastest and most
efficient of the swimming strokes used
in competition.
- The freestyle stroke is swum in a hori
zontal position with the body facing do
wn
. The body rolls from one side to the
other, always turning to the side of the
arm that is currently pulling in the
water.
- The head remains in a neutral
position, face down, except when 25

breathing.
FREESTYLE

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2. BACKSTROKE
-The backstroke, or back crawl, uses
alternating and opposite arm movements.
As one arm pulls through the water from an
overhead position to the hip, the other arm
recovers above the water from the hip to
the overhead position and vice versa.
-The legs perform a flutter kick, similar to
the one used in the front crawl.
- The backstroke is, as the name suggests,
the only one of the four competitive 
swimming strokes swum on the back.
In terms of speed, it is slower than the 
front crawl and butterfly but faster than the  27
breaststroke.
BACKSTROKE

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 3. BUTTERFLY
-The butterfly is an advanced swimming stroke that
provides an excellent workout. It is the second fastest
competitive stroke, and the favorite stroke of Olympic
legend Michael Phelps.
- To perform the butterfly stroke, start horizontal with
your stomach facing the bottom of the pool. Bring your
arms simultaneously over your head and push them into
the water to propel you forward and bring them up out of
the water again to repeat. As you move your arms into
the water, you will push your head and shoulders above
the surface of the water. Your legs will perform a dolphin
kick, which requires your legs to stay together and
straight as you kick them similarly to how a dolphin’s
lower body and tail moves. Move your body in a fluid
wave-like motion. The best time to take a breath will be
when your arms are just starting to come out of the
water, just before you begin the next forward thrust. Lift
your head straight in front of you during this move and
do not turn your head to the side. 29
BUTTERFLY

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 4. BREASTROKE
- Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the
swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not
rotate. It is the most popular recreational style
due to the swimmer's head being out of the water
a large portion of the time, and that it can be
swum comfortably at slow speeds. In most
swimming classes, beginners learn either the
breaststroke or the freestyle (front crawl) first.
However, at the competitive level, swimming
breaststroke at speed requires comparable
endurance and strength to other strokes. Some
people refer to breaststroke as the "frog" stroke,
as the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog
swimming in the water. The stroke itself is the
slowest of any competitive strokes and is thought
to be the oldest of all swimming strokes.
Breaststroke is the slowest of the four official 31
styles in competitive swimming. 
BREASTROKE

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COMPETITIVE SWIMMING
“The ability to perform swimming skills consistently well at
speed, under fatigue and pressure conditions in
a competition environment”

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MEDLEY
Medley is a combination of four different swimming
 styles—backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, and 
freestyle—into one race. This race is either swum by
one swimmer as individual medley (IM) or by four
swimmers as a medley relay.
Stroke order
Individual medley consists of four strokes. The
swimmer will swim one quarter of the race in each style,
in a certain order. The strokes are swum in this order: [1]
1. Butterfly
2. Backstroke
3. Breaststroke
4. Freestyle (this can be any stroke except butterfly,
backstroke, or breaststroke;[2] most swimmers use the  34
front crawl)
HEALTH BENEFITS

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1. Works your whole body
2. Works your insides too
3. Is appropriate for people with injuries, arthritis, and other conditions
4. Good option for people with asthma
5. Beneficial for people with MS, too
6.Torches calories
7. Improves your sleep
8. Boosts your mood
9. Helps manage stress
10. Safe during pregnancy
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THANK YOU!