SHRI GURU RAM RAI UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

TOPIC – BRINJAL DISEASES AND CONTROL

SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TO –
SUHANI JOSHI DR MEEGHA SUMAN
R191094156
 LIST OF THE DISEASE

 Damping off
 Phomopsis blight
 Alternaria leaf spot
 Fruit rot
 DAMPING OFF

 Causal Organism : Phytophthora spp., Rhizoctonia spp.

• Two types of symptoms are observed –
 Pre- emergence damping -off
 Post –emergence damping –off
Favorable Condition –
 Temperature between 27-31◦c are conducive
for spread .
 High moisture content , close planting and
poor aeration
 SYMPTOMS
Pre – emergence damping
-off
 In this phase of the disease
young seedlings are killed
before they emerge through the
soil surface .
 The radicle and the plumule ,
when they come out of the seed ,
undergo complete rotting.
P os t – eme r gen ce
da mpi ng - o f f
 Infection of the young , juvenile
tissues of the collar at the
ground level .
 The infected tissue become soft
and become water soaked .
 The collar portion rots and
ultimately the seedlings collapse
and die
 CONTROL MEASURES

 Healthy seed should be selected for sowing .

 The seed should be treated with Thiram @2g/kg of seed
before sowing .
 Continuous raising of nursery in the same plot should be
avoided
 Application of bio control agent Trichoderma virids the soil
@1.2kg/ha is also found effective to control damping –off to
considerable.
 PHOMOPSIS BLIGHT

• Causal Organism : Phomopsis vexans

• Sexual stage : Diaporthe vexans

Etiology
 Phomopsis vexans is an important fungal plant pathogen
associated with brinjal . Since it is a discovered in the year of
1914.
 Native – Southern Asia
 Host – Tomato ,Chili
 In India ,the disease incidence ranges of 10-40%.
 SYMPTOMS

• Occur at seedling stage as well as in the transplanted crop.

• Small circular spots develops in leaves .
• Turn grey later with light coloured Centre.
• Pale yellow brown sunken spots develop on the old fruits .
• Individual spots expand and coalesce to cover entire fruit or
most part of the fruits.
Favourable Condition
 Hot and humid weather
 Optimum temperature 29◦C for fungal growth
 MANAGEMENT

 Use of seeds collected from healthy fruits and healthy field .

 Grow resistant varieties like Pusa Bhairav and Florida
market.
 Give hot water treatment to seeds at 50◦c for 30minutes.
 Seed treatment with Carbendazim @0.25%.
 At least three year crop rotation is required with any non
host crop.
 ALTERNARIA SPOT

 Causal Organism: Alternaria melongenae

PATHOGEN -
 Alternaria produce dry spore ,conidia bottle
shape .
• Muriform.
• The mycelium is dull brown and septate ,pale
grey yellow conidiophores which are straight
or curved.
• The conidia are light olive coloured with transverse
and longitudinal septa.
 SYMPTOMS

 Cracks appearing in leaf spots .

 Causes the characteristics leaf spots with concentric rings.
 The spots are mostly irregular 4-8 mm in diameter and may
coalesce to cover large areas of the leaf blade.
 Severely affected leaves may drop off.
 The infected fruits turn yellow and drop off prematurely.
 FAVOURABLE
CONDITION

 Low temperature (20o-25oC)

 High relative humidity .
 Cloudy weather.
DISEASE CYCLE
 MANAGEMENT

 Spraying 1% Bordeaux mixture or 2g copper oxychloride

2.5g
Zineb /litre of water .
 Removal and destruction of affected plant parts and spraying
the affected plants with Bavistin (0.1%).
 FRUIT ROT

Causal Organism: Phytophthora nicotianae

Fungus
• Hyphae – 5-6µm in dia
• Spherical hyphal swellings are common
• Zoosporangia – sub hyaline ,ovoid .pyriform
borne on short stalk
 SYMPTOMS

 Fruits – Small ,water soaked lesions

 Skin – discoloration ,turns greyish brown ,and develop white cottony
 mycelium in humid weather .
 Rotten parts become depressed and develops wrinkles .
 Rotting spread deep into the pulp and turns brown , watery and soft
Favourable Condition
• Hot and wet weather .
• Optimum temperature 29◦C-32◦C.
• Rapidly spread during rainy season.
 MANAGEMENT

 Removal and destruction of the affected fruits

 Spraying the crop with Difolatan (0.3%) thrice at an interval
of 10 days effectively controls the diseases.
THANKYOU