Chapter 4

Future Trends and Principles of Success

Lecturer: MSc. Kiet Van Nguyen

Department of Data Science
Faculty of Information Science and Engineering

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 We

Data Science
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Objectives of this lesson
 Introducing and understanding
 Medical Data Science
 Smart Cities
 Data Science Project Principles: Why
Projects Succeed or Fail?
 Final Thoughts

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Medical Data Science
 Why?
 Medical decisions based on: data (the best available
data) + an individual patient’s predicament and
preferences.
 Reducing costs (time + efforts)
=> Automating health care processes.

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Medical Data Science (Cont.)
Other
data
 How?
Patients’
Medical monitoring data MDS
sensors server system

Suggestion decisions

Patients Treatments Doctors

Patients’ data

 Other applications: medicines and their interactions

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Smart Cities
 Goal: new technology to be able to gather and use
the data generated by their citizens in order to
better manage the cities’ organizations, utilities,
and services.
 Three core enablers of this trend: data science, big
data, and IoT (Internet of Things)

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Smart Cities (Cont.)
 Smart-city projects: different data sources (real-time)
 a single data hub: analyzing and informing
management and planning decisions.
 Smart cities: Masdar (United Arab Emirates) and
Songdo (South Korea).
 Two core components in a smart city: sensor networks
and data-processing centers.
 Smart-city projects: energy efficiency, planning and
routing traffic, and planning utility services.

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Other Applications
 Natural Language Processing in Data Science
 Image Processing in Data Science
 Social Media Mining in Data Science
 Recommendation Systems in Data Science
 …

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 Data Science Project Principles: Why
Projects Succeed or Fail?
 The success of a DS project based on 07 factors:

1. Focus
7. Iteration

6. Buy-in 2. Data

5. Integration 3. People
with the Business
4. Model
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Focus
 Clear objectives  Clear definition (What) 
informs:
 Data to use.
 ML algorithms to use,
 how to evaluate the results,
 how the analysis and models will be used and
deployed
 …

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Data
 Define what data are needed for the project.
 Available
 Not  building good-quality datasets (large if
using deep learning models).
 Without good-quality data, it is very difficult for a
data science project to succeed.
 Expensive cost (time and efforts) to create datasets.

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People
 Successful DS projects involve a team of people with
a blend of data science competencies and skills.
 Data science projects need:
 Successful data scientists are willing and able to:
 Work with data, to apply ML, and to frame real
world problems using data-driven solutions.
 Communicate with the management team, end users,
…

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Models
 Experiment with a variety of ML algorithms to
discover which works best with the data sets.
 Challenging for selecting ML algorithms:
 Domain, datasets.
 Features
 Infrastructures
 …

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Integration with the Business
 Define how the outputs and results of the project
will be deployed within the organization’s IT
architecture and business processes.
 Example: Customer-risk model  loan process in a bank.
 If the outputs and models created by a project are
not integrated into the business processes, then
these outputs will not be used, and, ultimately, the
project will fail.
 Academic vs Industry?

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Buy-in

 Successful data science projects supported by senior

managements:
 Technology + processes involved in the data science
project.
 how the outputs of the DS project can be used to the
organization’s advantage.
 Key to informing the rest of the organization about
the project and selling it to them.
 Have DS views as a strategy.

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Final Thoughts

 Data science projects help to answer real-life questions:

- What treatment should we use for this patient?
- Where should we allocate our policing resources?
- How many high schools do we need to build in the next four
years?
- …
 Data science  actionable insight  better decisions
 better outcomes.

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References

 Chapter 7, Data Science, John D. Kelleher, Brendan

Tierney, MIT Press. 2018.

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 Q&A

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 Thank you!

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