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GSM Wireless PS Performance

Evaluation and Optimization
Guide www.huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Content

1 Working Principles

2 General Idea of Analysis Method

3 Cases

4 Related Tools
Background
Wireless PS problem analysis is very complex, and it’s difficult to separate the
affecting factors clearly. This situation led to the optimization method is always
trying and inefficient.

The topic is designed to in-depth analysis of the key factors affecting network
performance, guidance delivered quickly to seize the network principal
contradiction, and improve network quality, improve the delivery efficiency and
reducing delivery difficulty.

This topic relates to the following performance evaluation:

 KPI performance(including accessibility, retainablity, transmission performance)
 User experience(including LLC throughput, delay, cell reselection)
 Traffic model
 Network characteristics

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 KPI Performance
The accessibility and retainability
measures the network access success
rate, call drops on PDCHs of MSs,
network transmission quality, and reflects
the impact of transmission quality on the
Um and G-Abis interfaces and resource
usage on network access of MSs.

If the values of accessibility and

retainability KPIs are not within the
normal range, the network access
success rate and network access delay of
MSs as well as core network KPIs (such
as the attach success rate, PDP
activation success rate, and RAU success
rate) may deteriorate. As a result, MSs fail
to access the network.

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 User Experience
User experience performance reflects the impact of
transmission quality on the Um and G-Abis
interfaces and resource usage on the user
experience.

If the value of user experience KPIs are not within

the normal range, user experience deteriorates.
Meanwhile, core network KPIs and KPIs related to
service success rate, such as attach success rate,
PDP activation success rate, RAU success rate,
multimedia message send/receive success rate,
web page open/refresh success rate, and web
page display period, may be adversely affected.

Cell reselection measures the frequency of cell

reselection during service processing. Services are
temporarily interrupted when cell reselection
occurs.
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Traffic Model

Traffic model by analyzing the

distribution of network traffic, the PDCH
bearing efficiency, distribution of user
traffic, access frequency, reflecting the
state of network traffic.

Guidance of traffic balance, expansion

and traffic forecasts, using accurate
configuration strategy to improve the
channel bearing efficiency, reduce
network interference.

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Network Characteristics
Analyzing MS support capabilities on
the live network helps in guiding
customers to use some functions and to
learn about MS information, helping
customers to tariff and operational
strategy adjustment.

By analyzing PS characteristics and

wireless resource, guiding customers to
open features and modify the
parameters, reducing interference within
the network, improve resource
utilization.
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Content

1 Working Principles

2 General Idea of Analysis Method

3 Cases

4 Related Tools
Solution Introduction
Network performance evaluation

Network Characteristics
KPI Scoring User experience Scoring
Evaluation
Analysis
Item

Characteristics
MS capability
Transmission
Retainability
Accessibility

reselection
throughput

Resource
utilization
Delay
User

Cell
Weight Establishment of impact factors and Analyzing the live network data,
Calc performance model establish the impact factors and each
KPI model, to calculate the impact
weights.

Um quality ABIS idle slot Find out the optimal

Quantify PDCH Affecting
Affecting Affecting focus, to estimate the
Factor Percentage
Percentage Percentage optimization results.

Resource
Parameter
Optimize RF optimization balance, Open features
adjustment
expansion

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Network Quality Score
Network quality score calculates the achievement rates of PS KPI(Accessibility,
Retainability, transmission performance, LLC throughput), then weighted and sum.

Achievement rate is the ratio of actual value to target. For example, the accessibility
performance measure the access success rate, this KPI is the achievement rate.

The achievement rate of LLC throughput = The actual LLC throughput / The MAX
target LLC throughput (The actual rate of the current network is often much lower than
the theoretical rate, so, use the theoretical rate * 80% as the target rate)
PS PS
PS PS PS LLC
Transmission Performance
Accessibility Retainability Throughput
Performance Score
29.69 19.55 9.73 23.97 82.94

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 Quantify Affect Factors
Through large amounts of data to establish Evaluation of LLC throughput
KPI Actual Affecting
the relationship curves of the various BSC Name Affecting factor
Baseline Value percentage

factors and KPIs, get the weight of factors, DoubleHAJ RLC single-slot
27.65 25.16 17.14%
J throughput(kbps)
then calculate the percentage of each DoubleHAJ
TBF multiplex degree 2 1.91 0.00%
J
factor. DoubleHAJ Channel satisfaction
0.85 0.62 82.86%
J degree
Shown in the table, OMStar output
evaluation table for each KPI. From LLC Evaluation of RLC single-slot throughput
throughput evaluation table can be seen KPI Actual Affecting
BSC Name Affecting factor
Baseline Value percentage
that the main factors affecting the LLC
throughput is the RLC single-slot DoubleHAJJ BEP19~31 Ratio 85.00% 82.29% 12.61%

throughput and channel satisfaction. RLC Rate of Fail Application

DoubleHAJJ Attempts of Abis Timeslot 30.00% 86.40% 0.00%
single-slot throughput is mainly due to the Because of no Idle Timeslot
proportion of BEP 19-31(Um quality).

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The key factors affecting the KPI

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The key factors affecting the LLC throughput

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Content

1 Working Principles

2 General Idea of Analysis Method

3 Cases

4 Related Tools
Accessibility Analysis
BSC TBF ESTB SUCC RATE
Affect
KPI(21:00) BSC220 Baseline Affect Rate
Degree
TBF ESTB SUCC Rate 85.26% 95% NOK
TBF ESTB FAIL MS NO RESP RATE 8.05% 3% 5.03 51.8%
TBF ESTB FAIL NO RES RATE 6.64% 2% 4.64 47.7%
TBF ESTB FAIL OTHER CAUSE RATE 0.05% 0% 0.05 0.5%

TOP CELL TBF ESTB SUCC RATE

If the TBF.ESTB.FAIL.NO.RES rate drops to 2% in
cell, the TBF establish success rate improve to
77.09% in cell 53 and 91.86% in BSC220. And if
the TBF.ESTB.FAIL.MS.NO.RESP rate drops to 3%,
the TBF establish success rate will improve to
77.09% in cell 53 and 91.86% in BSC220.

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LLC Throughput Analysis
Weighted
KPI BSC220 Baseline Affect Rate
Result
Average Throughput of Uplink GPRS RLC per PDCH(kbps) 11.81
RLC Throughput Rate per Average Throughput of Downlink GPRS RLC per PDCH(kbps) 12.38
15.84 27.65 NOK
PDCH Average Throughput of Uplink EGPRS RLC per PDCH(kbps) 14.15
Average Throughput of Downlink EGPRS RLC per PDCH(kbps) 19.05

Link Quality
（ Um Interface Ratio of BEP 19~31 79.74% 79.74% 85% 21.54%
+Transmission ）

ABIS Idle Slot Abis Attempt Failure Rate due to no Idle Timeslot 87.48% 87.48% 30% 78.46%

Cell Distribution • From above table, we can see the main factor is abis idle slot
5% resource, it produced more than 78% affect rate, and other 21%
16%

produced by link quality. So, when Abis problem be solved, the

Need Abis slot
Bad link quality average throughput rate per PDCH can reach to 25kbps.
Normal Cell
• 79% of cells need add more abis slot. The abis slot number of
all sites are configured as 16, so most of sites only need add
79%
idle slot, some of sites need add E1.

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MS Capability Analysis

Downlink Multislot Capability

4% 3%1% MultiSlot Cap 1

MultiSlot Cap 2
MultiSlot Cap 3
44% MultiSlot Cap 4
48% MultiSlot Cap 5

• There are no UE that support EDGE+.

• 50.59% of UE support GSM and UMTS in the GSM network.
• Most all of the UE support 900M and DSC1800.
• The performance of terminal is a little low, about 50% terminals only can occupy less than 3 downlink slot. So,
the throughput of these users will be lower

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Traffic Model Analysis
LLC Throughput AVG Day GPRS AND EDGE LLC Throughput

TOP CELL Throughput

• The busy hour of PS is from 13:00~20:00.

• All most of throughput is generated by EDGE

TOTAL
users.
TOTAL
198797(MB)
32567(MB) • There are 190 cells in the GSM network, generate
Rate: 16.4%
198797Mb throughput for one day, and the top 10
cells generate 16.5%.

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Content

1 Working Principles

2 General Idea of Analysis Method

3 Cases

4 Related Tools
 OMStar

Development
GSM Module UTMS Module
Platform

OMStar Platform

 For details about how to obtain SOP documents and tools, see the Overview of Supporting
Documents&Tools for Wireless Maintenance. In this document, the NIC and OMStar
versions corresponding to different BSC versions and their download paths are listed:
http://support.huawei.com/support/pages/news/NewsInfoAction.do?doc_id=IN0000036873&
colID=ROOTENWEB|CO0000002672&actionFlag=view
Notes: OMSTAR tools release new version every two months, you can get the latest version from SUPPORT website
before use!

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Thank you
www.huawei.com