HEAT (KALOR)

SCIENCE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

GRADE 7TH
EKA AGUSTINA
 HEAT (KALOR)
WHAT IS HEAT (KALOR) ?
Energy that transfers from an
object at a higher temperature to Heat Equation
an object at a lower temperature
Q = m.c.∆t
Q = amount of heat received (J or kcal)
m = mass of substance (kg)
c = specific heat of the substance (J / kg ° C or
kcal / kg ° C)
∆t = increase in temperature (° C)

UNITS
SI units = Joules (J)
Popular units = calories (cal) or
kilocalories (kcal)
EXAMPLE :
How much heat is needed to heat 2 kg of water with a temperature of 30 ° C to 100 ° C, if the
specific heat of water is 4200 J / kg ° C?
Is known:
m = 2 kg
∆t = 100 ° C - 30 ° C = 70 ° C
c = 4200 J / kg ° C
Asked: Q =…. J
Q = m.c. ∆t
= 2 kg x 4200 J / kg ° C x 70 ° C
= 588000 J = 588 kJ

EXERCISE! How much heat is needed to heat 3 kg of water whose temperature is 20 ° C to

100 ° C, if the specific heat of water is 4200 J / kg ° C?
Is known:
m = 3 kg
∆t = 100 ° C - 20 ° C = 80 ° C
c = 4200 J / kg ° C
Asked : Q = …. J

Q = m.c. ∆t
= 3 kg x 4,200 J / kg ° C x 80 ° C
= 1008000 J = 1008 kJ
EXERCISE
How much heat is needed to heat 5 kg of water whose temperature
is 40 ° C to 100 ° C, if the specific heat of water is 1 kcal / kg ° C?
Is known:
m = 5 kg
∆t = 100 ° C - 40 ° C = 60 ° C
c = 1 kcal / kg ° C
Asked : Q =…. kcal

Q = m.c. ∆t
= 5 kg x 1 kcal / kg ° C x 60 ° C
= 300 kcal
 BLACK’S PRINCIPLE
"The amount of heat released by a high temperature object is the same as the amount
of heat absorbed by an object at a low temperature"

Q released = Q absorbed

CHANGE OF SUBSTANCE
Red : absorb heat
Blue : release heat
HEAT OF VAPOR (KALOR UAP)
Q=mxU
Q = amount of heat required (J or kcal)
m = mass of substance (kg)
U = heat of the substance vapor (J / kg or kcal / kg)

EXAMPLE

Calculate the amount of heat needed to evaporate 2 kg of water at 100 ° C if the heat
of steam is 2260000 J / kg!
Is known:
m = 2 kg
U = 2260000 J / kg
Asked : Q =…

Q=mxU
= 2 kg x 2260000 J / kg
= 4520000 J
= 4520 kJ
EXERCISE

Calculate the amount of heat needed to evaporate 5 kg of water at a temperature of

100 ° C if the heat of steam is 2260000 J / kg!
Is known:
m = 5 kg
U = 2,260,000 J / kg
Asked : Q =…

Q = m.U
= 5 kg x 2260000 J / kg
= 11300000 J
= 11300 kJ
HEAT OF MELTING (KALOR LEBUR)
Q=mxL
Q = amount of heat required (J or kcal)
m = mass of substance (kg)
U = heat of melting substance (J / kg or kcal / kg)

EXAMPLE

Calculate the amount of heat needed to melt 2 kg of 0 ° C ice, if the heat of melting
ice is 336000 J / kg!
Is known:
m = 2 kg
L = 336000 J / kg
Asked : Q =…
Q = m.L
= 2 kg x 336000 J / kg
= 672000 J = 672 kJ
EXERCISE

Calculate the amount of heat needed to melt 3 kg of 0 ° C ice, if the heat of

melting ice is 336000 J / kg!
Is known:
m = 3 kg
L = 336000 J / kg
Asked : Q =…

Q = m.L
= 3 kg x 336,000 J / kg
= 1008000 J = 1008 kJ
H
E
A
T

T
R
EXAMPLE OF CONDUCTION
• Warm up a bar of iron
• The spoon whose tip becomes hot because the base is dipped in hot
water
• An object made of metal will feel warm or hot if the tip of the object is
E
heated, for example when handling a firework that is burning
• Motorcycle exhaust gets hot when the engine is started
X
• The lid of the pot becomes hot when used to cover the boiled water A
• Butter that is heated in a skillet becomes melted from the heat.
M

OF
M

H
A

A
X

P
E

E
L
P
EXAMPLE OF CONVECTION
• Movement of water rising and falling when heated. L
• Up and down movements of green beans, soybeans and others when
heated. E
• The occurrence of land winds and sea breezes.
• Air balloon movement.
• Soaring factory chimney smoke.
EXAMPLE OF RADIATION E
• The sun's heat reaches the earth even though it is through a vacuum. X
• The body feels warm when it is near a fire source. A
• Incubate poultry eggs by light. M
• Clothes become dry when dried in the hot sun. P
L
TOOLS THOSE APPLY HEAT TRANSFER E

OF

Fireplace H
E
A
Solar Panel T
Thermos
T
R
A
N
S
F
Greenhouse E
Pan R
 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 17TH 2021

DAILY TEST :
06 Temperature & Heat Part 1 & 2