TAYABAS WESTERN ACADEMY

RECOGNIZED BY THE GOVERNMENT

FOUNDED 1928
CANDELARIA QUEZON

EARTH SCIENCE
Mr. Louie Cezar P. Leocadio
Learning Objectives:

◦ Describe how layers of stratified rocks are formed

◦ Describe the different dating methods to determine the age
of rocks
◦ Describe how marker fossils are used to identify
subdivisions of the geologic time scale (GTS)
◦ Describe how the Earth’s history can be interpreted from
the GTS
 Stratigraphy of Sedimentary Rocks

◦How would you

describe this
rock
formation?
Stratigraphy of Sedimentary Rocks

◦One reliable source of

information about
Earth’s history is the
stratification of rocks.
2 Types of Dating Methods

◦Relative Dating
◦Absolute Dating
2 Types of Dating Methods

Relative Dating
◦ Used to determine the relative order of
geologic events by giving a designation in
terms of epoch, period or era BUT without
assigning a specific number.
 Stratigraphy of Sedimentary Rocks

◦Law of
Superposition
Stratigraphy of Sedimentary Rocks
◦Law of
Superposition
Stratigraphy of Sedimentary Rocks
◦Law of
Superposition
2 Types of Dating Methods

Absolute Dating
◦ Used to determine the actual age of a rock or
fossil in years
◦ Radioactive Dating; uses half life of
radioactive elements present in a specimen
Half Life?
Absolute Dating
◦ A half-life is the
amount of time that
it takes for half of
the given
radioactive parent
isotope to decay
into a stable
daughter product.
Stratigraphy of Sedimentary Rocks
◦Law of
Superposition

These creatures lived in the seas between 240 -

65 million years ago, when they became
extinct along with the dinosaurs.
 Geologic Time Scale

◦ The most accepted system of

chronological measurement
connecting stratigraphy to geologic
time
 Geologic Time Scale
◦ Questions:
1. Which periods did dinosaurs live?
2. Which eon did most of the Earth’s
significant past occurred?
3. Today belongs to which era? Which
epoch?
You CAN do this: (ES Activity 5 )
Answer the following questions briefly and accurately:
1. Why are most information about the history of life on Earth found
in sedimentary rocks?
2. Why are dating methods important? How are they used?
3. How does the geologic time scale work? Explain how the GTS can
tell a fossil’s age.
Performance Task
◦ A remote town in the mountains of Cordillera is speculated to have rich deposits
of fossils. Because the locals are curious about this, the local government decided
to provide a basic educational talk on prehistoric environmental animals that
roamed in the Philippines. You volunteer to help in this initiative because being a
paleontologist, you can provide the information and materials they need to know.
You are tasked to give the educational talk and prepare five illustration boards
with pictures of five different prehistoric animals. Include in your talk some basic
information such as discovery, period of existence, etc. It should be informative,
interesting, and not too technical.