1.

Aqidah: Creed

2. Shariah: Law

3. Akhlaq: Moralities
1. Belief in Allah:

2 . Belief in the angels:

3. Belief in the prophets:

4. Belief in the divine scriptures:

5. Belief in the last day of judgment and the

hereafter:
Shariah:
 The right path to be followed.
 laws of life
Shariah Includes:
 IBADAH(ritual worship)

 MU’AMALAH(transactions and contracts, Finance law)

 ADAB (morals and manners)

 MUNAKAHAT (The ruling related to family law)

 JINAYAT ( riminal Law: hudud, zina – adultery, qadhf – false

accusation of adultery, drunkenness, theft, robbery, ridda –
apostasy in Islam, murder

 International Relationship (peace and war)

 4

The Sharia Law System

Category Arabic Do it Not do it
Obligatory Fard
(Prescribed) Wajeb Reward Punishment

Recommended Mustahab
Mandub Reward No Punishment
(Desirable)
Permitted Mubah
Halal No Reward No Punishment
(Allowed)
Discouraged Makruh
Manboth No Punishment Reward
(Disliked)
Forbidden Haraam
Mahd’ur Punishment No Reward
(Prohibited)
Features of Islamic law
 purposes of the Shariah

1. Preservation of the religion of Faith (hifz al-din)

2. Preservation of life or self (hifz al-nafs)

3. Preservation of the mind or intellect (hifz al-Aql)

4. preservation of the progeny (hifz al-nasab)

5. Preservation of property (hifz al-maal)

6. Justice and Freedom (Adalah, Hurriyah)

 Schools of thoughts in Islamic Law

The Four Main Schools of Sunnah Islamic Law

• Shafi'i: (Indonesia and Malaysia)
• Hanafi: (Turkey, the Balkans, Central Asia,
Indian subcontinent, Egypt, China)
• Maliki: (North Africa, West Africa and several
of the Arab Gulf states)
• Hanbali: (Arabia)
 Moralities - Akhlaq

 Plays a vital role in life- the reason why prophet Muhammad

was sent down to the world

 It is a part of belief : Prophet Muhammad Said:

• ‘’….Verily I have been sent for the perfection of

morality’’

• ‘’…There is nothing which weighs heavier on the

scales of the servant on the day of resurrection than
good morals’’

• “Modesty and faith are twins. One who gives up, one
has to lose the other too”
• “By God he cannot be a believer; By God he cannot be a
believer’ By God he cannot be a believer’. The prophet
was asked; who? He answered: he from whose misdeeds
his neighbour is not safe.”

• “A person who believes in God and the hereafter should

speak about good things or else should keep quiet”

• That the messenger of God was once asked about the

destiny of a woman who perpetually observed fasting and
kept vigilant at night by performing prayer. But she
committed misdeeds towards her neighbours. The
prophet remarked : there is nothing good in her. She will
be in hell.
Islam asks its believers to observe certain norms and
moral codes in:

 Dealings with relatives

 Neighbors and friends
 In business transactions
 In the market
 In social affairs
 In all spheres of private and public life.