The Excretory System

Unit 1 Lesson 4
Pgs. 53-54
• RED SLIDE: These are critical notes that
should be recorded or highlighted in your
science book.

a me
d last N lass
First an ,C
, G ra d e
Science
• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow
directions, complete projects as described
and answer required questions neatly.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your
hand as soon as you see her.
– She’ll be hiding somewhere in the slideshow

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your
hand as soon as you see her.
– She’ll be hiding somewhere in the slideshow

“Hoot, Hoot”
“Good Luck!”

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

 New Area of Focus: The Excretory System

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Are we discussing #1 or #2?
• Are we discussing #1 or #2?

#1
 The excretory system
cellular wastes from
the body through the
lungs, skin, kidneys,
and digestive system.

Pg. 53
• The excretory system removes excess…

Nutrients Oxygen Water

Marrow Nutrients Salts
Cells Plasma CO2
Oxygen Air Urea

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The excretory system removes excess…

Nutrients Oxygen Water

Marrow Nutrients Salts
Cells Plasma CO2
Oxygen Air Urea

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The process that removes
these wastes is called
excretion.

Water
Salts
CO2
Urea

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which two do the lungs get
rid of?

Water
Salts
CO2
Urea

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Which two do the lungs get
rid of?

Water
Salts
CO2
Urea

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which two do the lungs get
rid of?

Pg. 53

Water
Salts
CO2
Urea
Which does the skin get rid
of?

Water
Salts
CO2
Urea
Which does the skin get rid
of?

Water
Salts
CO2
Urea
Which does the skin get rid
of?
Pg. 53

Water
Salts
CO2
Urea
• The remaining organs of the excretion are
the organs of the Urinary Sytem:
• The remaining organs of the excretion are
the organs of the Urinary Sytem: kidneys,
• The remaining organs of the excretion are
the organs of the Urinary Sytem: kidneys,
ureters
• The remaining organs of the excretion are
the organs of the Urinary Sytem: kidneys,
ureters, bladder
• The remaining organs of the excretion are
the organs of the Urinary Sytem: kidneys,
ureters, bladder, and urethra.
Which organ of the excretory
system does this picture represent?
 !!
Y
Which organ of the excretory
S
system does this picture represent?

NE
I D
K
• The Urinary System
 The Kidneys:
 They filter waste products
from the blood to keep it
clean and balanced.
 Nephrons-more than 1
million in each kidney that
filter the blood
 Water and the wastes
filtered out of the blood
form a liquid called urine

Pg. 54
 The Kidneys: They filter waste products
from the blood to keep it clean and
balanced.

Learn more about the kidneys and kidney diseases at…

http://www.webmd.com/urinary-incontinence-oab/picture-of-the-kidneys
 The Kidneys: They filter waste products
from the blood to keep it clean and
balanced.

Urinary System and

Cardiovascular System
Learn more about the kidneys and kidney diseases at…
http://www.webmd.com/urinary-incontinence-oab/picture-of-the-kidneys
• Bean shaped organ about size of fist
located near the middle of the back.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Which letter below is this cat’s Right Kidney?
• Which letter below is this cat’s Right Kidney?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The kidneys process about 200 quarts of
blood and produce 2 quarts of waste
product (urine).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The kidneys process about 200 quarts of
blood and produce 2 quarts of waste
product (urine).
– The urine travels through the ureters to the
bladder

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and
from food as the body uses energy and
repairs itself.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and
from food as the body uses energy and
repairs itself.
– This waste, if not removed will build-up and
cause damage.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and
from food as the body uses energy and
repairs itself.
– This waste, if not removed will build-up and
cause damage.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Each kidney has how many nephrons?
– A.) ½ a nephron
– B.) One full nephron
– C.) 6 nephrons
– D.) A million nephrons

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• Each kidney has how many nephrons?
– A.) ½ a nephron
– B.) One full nephron
– C.) 6 nephrons
– D.) A million nephrons

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The Kidney

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The Kidney
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients and blood do not.
• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients do not.
Urea

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients and blood do not.
Urea

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients and blood do not.
Salts

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• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients and blood do not.
Water

Urine is about
96% Water.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients and blood do not.
Water

Blood Cell
Protein

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• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act
like strainers.
– Waste in the blood spills out through the holes
while the nutrients and blood do not.
Water

Too Large to fit through

Blood Cell
Protein

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The kidneys measure out chemicals such
as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium
and release them back to the blood to
return to the body.
– The kidneys regulate / balance the bodies
level of these substances.

Homeostasis
Reabsorption
• The kidneys measure out chemicals such
as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium
and release them back to the blood to
return to the body.
– The kidneys regulate / balance the bodies
level of these substances.

Homeostasis
Reabsorption

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The kidneys measure out chemicals such
as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium
and release them back to the blood to
return to the body.
– The kidneys regulate / balance the bodies
level of these substances.

Homeostasis
Reabsorption
• The amount of water and salts that you
consume changes your urine.
• The amount of water and salts that you
consume changes your urine.
– Which person drank plenty of water this
morning?

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• The amount of water and salts that you
consume changes your urine.
– Which person drank plenty of water this
morning?

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• The amount of water and salts that you
consume changes your urine.
– Which person ate lots of salty junk food this
morning?

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• If you eat lots of salty foods you will produce
less urine. That urine will have less water in it.

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• If you eat lots of salty foods you will produce
less urine. That urine will have less water in it.
– Your kidneys control the amount of water in
your body.

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• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.

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• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.
– Not bright yellow once a day.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.
– Not bright yellow once a day.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• As a general rule, you want your urine to
be clear and copious.
– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.
– Not bright yellow once a day.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids?
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids? Okay
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids?
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids? Yes
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids?
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids? Not needed.
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids? Not needed.
• Should the person below drink more
hydrating fluids? Not needed.
• Which is a better choice to stay hydrated?

A B
• Which is a better choice to stay hydrated?

A B
• That’s 34 grams of sugar.
• Can you drink your own urine?
– If your stuck on a raft etc. in a survival situation
in the middle of the ocean.
• Drinking your urine may keep you alive an
extra day or two.
– Urine is mostly water so it can replenish lost
water. 95%
– The other 5% is going back to your kidneys and
after a day or two this highly concentrated
waste can cause kidney failure.
• Urine contains salts and waste products. It’s not
recommended to consume more than once or twice
if in an extreme survival situation.
– So your in trouble from total dehydration, or
complete kidney failure.
• Kidney Stone: A hard mass formed in the
kidneys, typically consisting of insoluble
calcium compounds.
• Kidney Stones: Cause severe stomach and
back aches that last for a long period.
 Urine travels from
the kidneys through
narrow tubes called
ureters to the
bladder.
 The ureters are
tubes that connect
the kidneys to the
bladder. Pg. 54
 Urinary Bladder:
Saclike organ that
stores urine until
excretion.
 Voluntary muscles
hold the urine until it
is ready to be
released Pg. 54
Kidneys

Ureters

Bladder

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 Kidneys

Ureters

Bladder
Urethra
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 Urethra:
 Urine exits the
bladder through a
tube called the
urethra.

Pg. 54
 The sphincter muscles
keep urine in the bladder
until relaxed.
 When you contract
your bladder muscles
you will urinate.
 When you contract
your bladder muscles
you will urinate.

Squeeze
Empty
Full
 Full

Muscular System
Urinary System