GLOBAL MIGRATION

CONTEMPORARY WORLD
 GLOBAL MIGRATION
 Is a situation in which people go to live in foreign countries, especially in order to
find work. However, the reasons why people migrate differ depending on an
individual’s situation.

 Migration is the movement of people from one region or society to another for
the purpose of settlement.

 Immigration is the movement of people into a country to settle.

 Emigration is the process by which people leave a country to settle in another

country.
 TWO TYPES OF MIGRATION
INTERNAL MIGRATION

 People moving from one area to another within one country.

 This refers to a change of residence within national boundaries, such as between states,
provinces, cities, or municipalities.

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

 People cross borders of one country to another.

 An international migrant is someone who moves to a different country .

 CATEGORIES OF MIGRANTS
1. VAGABONDS

 Are on the move “because they have to be”

 They are not faring well their home countries and are forced to move in the hope that their
circumstances will improve.

 Refugees are vagabonds forced to flee their home countries due to safety concerns.

 Asylum seekers are refugees who seek to remain in the country to which they flee.

2. TOURIST

 Are on the move “because they want to and they can afford it”
 LABOR MIGRATION
According to Kritz (2008), those who migrate to find work are involved in labor migration.

 Labor migration is defined as the movement of persons from their home state to another
state for the purpose of employment.

 Labor migration is driven by “push factors” (e.g., lack of employment opportunities in

home country) as well as “pull factors” (work available elsewhere).

 Labor migration mainly involves the flow of less skilled and unskilled workers, as well as
illegal immigrants who live on the margins of the host society.

 Unlike other global flows, labor migration still faces many restrictions. Many of these
barriers are related to the Westphalian conception of the nation- state and are intimately
associated with it.
 FORCES BEHIND MIGRATION

 Push factors such as political persecution, economic depression, war and famine
in the home country.

 Pull factors such as a favorable immigration policy, a labor shortage and a

similarity of language and culture in the country of destination.

 Global factors, which facilitate easy access to information about the country of
destination, also exert a significant interest.
 FOUR TENDENCIES IN GLOBAL
MIGRATION
 Acceleration: increase in the number of migrants

 Globalization: in terms of sender or receivers migration become global in nature.

 Diversification: types of migrants have changed (labor force, refugees)

 Feminization: women’s number in migrants are increasing, they are generally

hired as cheap labor force like domestic labor or sexual slaves.
DIASPORA
 The term “diaspora” has been increasingly used to describe
migrant communities. Of particular interest is Paul Gilroys (1993)
conceptualization of the diaspora as a former as a transitional
process, which involves dialogue to both imagined and real locales.
Diasporization and globalization are closely interconnected and the
expansion of the latter will lead to an increase in the former
(Dufoix, 2007).

 Diaspora is dispersal of an ethnic population from an original

homeland into foreign areas by force because of traumatic reasons.

 Today there exists “virtual diasporas” (Laguerre, 2002) which

utilize technology such as the internet to maintain the community
network.
THANK YOU!!