MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning

HYDROGRAPHIC DATA &

SERVICES
MANAGEMENT/
HYDROGRAPHY &
NAVIGATION
06 Jan 22 Passage Planning
VOYAGE (PASSAGE)
PLANNING

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Introduction

OPassage planning or voyage planning is a

procedure of developing a complete
description of a vessel's voyage from start
to finish.

OProduction of a passage plan prior to

departure is a legal requirement.

OThe practice of voyage planning has

evolved from drawing lines on nautical
charts to a process of risk management.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

What to include?

The plan should include:

Oleaving the dock and harbor area,
Othe enroute portion of a voyage,
Oapproaching the destination,
Oand mooring.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

How to do it?
Passage planning consists of four stages:
Oappraisal,
Oplanning,
Oexecution,
Oand monitoring

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Appraisal

The appraisal stage consists of gathering and

contemplating all information relevant to the
voyage.

By consulting:
Onautical charts, Onautical
publications and
Operforming tasks such as
Oweather forecasting,
Oprediction of tides and
currents, and
Ochecking of local regulations
and warnings.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Planning

The process involves projecting various

future events including landfalls,
narrow passages, and course changes
expected during the voyage.

The mental model becomes the

standard by which later on the
navigator measures progress toward
the goal.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

 Planning
The plan should include the following
factors:
Othe plotting of the intended route on appropriate
scale charts
Othe main elements to ensure safety of life at sea,
safety and efficiency of navigation, and protection
of the marine environment during the voyage
Osafe speed,
Onecessary speed alterations en route,
Ominimum clearance required under the keel in critical
areas with restricted water depth,
Ocourse alteration points etc.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Execution
A number of tasks has to be executed
during the course of the voyage.

The captain's responsibility is to treat the

plan as a "living document" and to
review or change it in case of any
special circumstances that should arise.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Execution
Factors which should be taken into
account when executing the plan, or
deciding on any changes of it include:
Othe reliability and condition of the vessel's
navigational equipment,
Oestimated times of arrival at critical points for tide
heights and flow,
Ometeorological conditions,
Odaytime versus night-time passing of danger
points, and
Otraffic conditions, especially at navigational focal
points.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Monitoring

Once the voyage has begun the progress of

the vessel along its planned route must be
monitored. This requires that the ship's
position be determined.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22
Economic aspect
The economic objectives of time and
distance saving are to be secondary to
safe navigation, and are to be ignored
whenever the master assesses it
necessary.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Computer aids

ONavTools Route
XP

OGlobal fleet control

O- PC-Planner

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Deviations

OResults that are different to the planned ones

OCan occur on daily basis

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Deviations
It is importnat to determine their source:
Ointernal or
Oexternal reasons.

Possible reasons for deviations in maritime tr.:

Obad weather conditions,
Odelays in ports,
Oroute deviations (eg. due to medical condition of crew
memeber),
Ofuel price changes,
Ohull or engine condition,
Opoor planning etc.

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

‘best route’ /WEATHER
ROUTEING
The selection of ‘best route’ that
accounts for:
OWeather forecasts
OEstimated sea conditions
OVessel characteristics

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Sources of Information

OPilot Chart Atlases

ORouteing Charts
OAdmiralty Sailing Directions
OOcean Passages for the World
OMonthly Climate Charts
OWeather Forecasts and Synopsis

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22

Thanks

MAK lec 11 Passage Planning 06 Jan 22