Systems of

Documentation
1. NOTE-BIBLIOGRAPHY
SYSTEM (Humanities System)
 preferred by writers in literature, history and the
arts

PASSAGE: Gold is “as beautiful as ever but no cure

for what ails us.”1
1. NOTE-BIBLIOGRAPHY
SYSTEM (Humanities System)
1.1 NOTE (at the bottom of the page)
1
Lora S. Collins, “An Assay of Gold.”
Across the Board, Jan. 5, 1982, 19

1.2 BIBLIOGRAPHY (at the end of the book or

report)
Collins, Lora S. “An Assay of Gold.” Across
the Board, Jan. 5, 1982, 19-20.
2. PARENTHETICAL
REFERENCE SYSTEM
 usedby researchers in the physical, natural and
social sciences.

NOTE: For the Engineering disciplines, no current general

style manual exists. Refer to the individual journal
guidelines to ensure acceptance of submissions to the
relevant journals.
2. PARENTHETICAL
REFERENCE SYSTEM
2.1 AUTHOR – NUMBER SYSTEM
2.11 In-Text Citation: author-number style
Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (1:19).

2.12 Reference-List Entry:

1. Collins, Lara S. “An Assay of Gold”. Across
the Board, 5 Jan, 1982: 19-20.
2. PARENTHETICAL
REFERENCE SYSTEM
2.2 MODERN LANGUAGE
ASSOCIATION(MLA)
2.21 In-Text Citation: author-page style
Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (Collins 19).

2.22 Works-Cited Entry:

Collins, Lara S. “An Assay of Gold”. Across
the Board 5 Jan, 1982: 19-20.
2. PARENTHETICAL
REFERENCE SYSTEM
2.3 AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL
ASSOCIATION (APA)
2.31 In-Text Citation: author-date style
Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (Collins, 1982).

2.32 Reference-List Entry:

Collins, L. S. (1982, January 5). An assay of
gold. Across the Board, p. 19-20.
2. PARENTHETICAL
REFERENCE SYSTEM
2.4 CHICAGO MANUAL OF STYLE (CMS)
2.41 In-Text Citation: author-date style
Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (Collins 1982, 19).

2.42 Reference-List Entry:

Collins, Lara S. 1982. An assay of gold. Across the
Board, January 5.
2. PARENTHETICAL
REFERENCE SYSTEM
2.5 MIT GRAD. SCHOOL STYLE SHEET
2.51 In-Text Citation: author-date style as APA
Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (Collins, 1982).

2.52 Reference-List Entry:

Collins, L. S. (1982). An assay of gold. Across the
Board, 19-20.
2. PARENTHETICAL
REFERENCE SYSTEM
 NOTE: Consult STYLE MANUALS FOR
VARIOUS PROFESSIONS AND DISCIPLINES
and other handbooks on documentation styles.
DOCUMENTATION for TECHNICAL
PAPERS from more than one JOURNAL
or SOURCE
DOCUMENTATION for TECHNICAL PAPERS
from more than one JOURNAL or SOURCE
(T: In-Text Citation, R: Reference-List Entry)
CMS
T: ..... especially water as it leaves the reaction front
(Chan et al. 1985, Di Blasi 1997).

R: Chan, W. C. R., M. Kelbon, and B. B. Krieger.

1985. Modeling and experimental verification of
physical and chemical processes during
pyrolysis of a large biomass particle. Fuel 64: 1505-
1513.

Di Blasi, C. 1997. Modeling and simulation

of combustion process of charring and non-
charring solid fuels. Progress Energy
and Combustion Science 19: 71-104.
DOCUMENTATION for TECHNICAL PAPERS
from more than one JOURNAL or SOURCE
 APA
T: ... especially ......................... front (Chan et al., 1985,
Di Blasi, 1997).

R: Chan, W. C. R., Kelbon, M., & Krieger, B. B. (1985).

Modeling and experimental verification of physical and
chemical processes during pyrolysis of a large biomass particle.
Fuel, 64, 1505-1513.

Di Blasi, C. (1997). Modeling and simulation of

combustion process of charring and non-charring
solid fuels. Progress Energy and Combustion Science,
19, 71-104.
DOCUMENTATION for TECHNICAL PAPERS
from more than one JOURNAL or SOURCE
 MLA
T: ... especially ......................... front (Chan et al.
1505-1513, Di Blasi 71-104).

R: Chan, W. C. R., M. Kelbon, and B. B. Krieger.

“Modeling and Experimental Verification of Physical
and Chemical Processes during Pyrolysis of a Large Biomass
Particle.” Fuel 64 (1985): 1505- 1513.

Di Blasi, C. “Modeling and Simulation of Combustion Process

of Charring and Non-Charring Solid Fuels.” Progress Energy
and Combustion Science 19 (1997): 71-104.
DOCUMENTATION for TECHNICAL PAPERS
from more than one JOURNAL or SOURCE
 MIT-GS
T: see APA author-date style.

R: Chan, W. C. R., M. Kelbon, and B. B. Krieger (1985).

Modeling and experimental verification of physical and
chemical processes during pyrolysis of a large biomass particle.
Fuel, Volume 64, 1503-13.

Di Blasi, C. (1997). Modeling and simulation of

combustion process of charring and non- charring
solid fuels. Progress Energy and Combustion
Science, Volume 19, 71-104.