Lecture4 Part2 8086 Assembly Programming

8086 Assembly Programming
Lecture4-Part2-8086 Assembly Programming

 Logic Operations
 Branching Instructions
 Arithmetic Instructions
 Other Instructions
 Procedures
Logic Operations
AND, OR, XOR, NOT, SHIFT
AND Destination, Source

BL
MOV BL, 35H ; 00110101
00000101
AND BL, 0FH ; 00001111
SF=0 , ZF= 0 , PF=1 ,
CF= 0 , OF=0
; Check for zero operand
AND BL, BL
JZ L1
-----
L1: MOV BL, 1
Logic Operations
; mask certain bits of an operand

AND BL, 00101111b BL
AND BL, 11111011b 00101011
; Convert small char into capital a A

97 65
MOV AH, 1 01100001 01000001
INT 21H
AND AL, 11011111b
MOV DL, AL
MOV AH,2
INT 21H
Logic Operations
OR Destination, Source
BL
MOV BL, 35H ; 00110101
00111111
OR BL, 0FH ; 00001111
SF=0 , ZF= 0 , PF=1 ,
; check for zero operand CF= 0 , OF=0
OR AL, AL ; or
OR AL, 0
; set certain bits of an operand AL
MOV AL, 3AH ; 00111010 00111111
OR AL, 00000101b
Logic Operations
XOR Destination, Source

BL
MOV BL, 35H ; 00110101
00111010
XOR BL, 0FH ; 00001111
SF=0 , ZF= 0 , PF=1 ,
CF= 0 , OF=0
; check if 2 registers have the same content
MOV BL, 35H ; 00110101 AL
MOV AL, 35H ; 00110101 00000000
XOR AL, BL SF=0 , ZF= 1 , PF=1 ,
CF= 0 , OF=0
Logic Operations
; toggle certain bits of an operand

MOV BL, 35H ; 00110101 BL
XOR BL, 02H ; 00000010 00110111
; clear the content of a register

MOV AL, 35H ; 00110101 AL
XOR AL, AL 00000000
Logic Operations
; toggle certain bits of an operand

MOV BL, 35H ; 00110101 BL
XOR BL, 02H ; 00000010 00110111
; clear the content of a register

MOV AL, 35H ; 00110101 AL
XOR AL, AL 00000000
Logic Operations
NOT dest
; 1’s complement of an operand AL

MOV AL, 00011010b
11100101
NOT AL
SF=1 , ZF= 0 , PF=0 ,
CF= 0 , OF=0
Logic Operations
SHR dest, 1 ; shift once
SHL dest, CL ; cl contains number of shifts
0 MSB LSB CF
MOV AL, 10101100b
SHR AL, 1
CF MSB LSB 0
MOV CL, 3
SHR AL, CL
Branching Instructions
JMP, LOOP, JNZ/JNE, JZ/JE
JMP label ;jump unconditional
Example:
XOR AX, AX
L1: INC AX
JMP L1
MOV BX, 20 ; unreachable instruction
JMP, JNZ/JNE, JZ/JE, LOOP
JMP label ;jump unconditional

CMP Destination, Source
Example:
XOR AX, AX
L1: INC AX
CMP AX, 1000
JZ L2
JMP L1
L2: MOV BX, 20 ; reachable instruction
LOOP label ; repeat
XOR AX, AX
MOV CX, 1000
L1: INC AX
LOOP L1
MOV BX, 20 ; reachable instruction
Write a program that adds numbers from 1 to 100
Write a program that adds numbers from 1 to 100
.MODEL SMALL
.DATA
SUM DW 0
.CODE
.STARTUP
SUB BX,BX
MOV BX,1
MOV CL, 100
L1:
ADD SUM, BX
INC BX
LOOP L1
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
END
Write programs that print the following patterns
********* *
*
*
*
.model small .model small
.data .data
count=10 l2:
count=10 .code
.code .startup mov dl,' '
mov cl,count mov ah,2
.startup int 21h
sub bl,bl
sub bh,bh dec bl
mov cl, count jnz l2
L1: l1:
mov dl,13 mov dl, '*'
mov dl, '*' mov ah,2
mov ah,2
mov ah, 2 int 21h int 21h
int 21h
mov dl,10 loop l1
mov ah,2
mov dl, ' ' int 21h end
mov ah, 2
int 21h mov bl,bh
loop L1 inc bl
mov bh, bl
end
Arithmetic Instructions
ADD, SUB, INC, DEC, MUL, DIV
ADD Destination, Source
ADD AX, BX ; AX=AX+BX
SUB Destination, Source
SF=1 , ZF= 0 , PF=0 ,
SUB AX, BX ; AX=AX-BX CF= 0 , OF=0
INC source
INC AX ; AX=AX+1
DEC source
DEC AX ; AX=AX-1
Write a program that compute 5+3-4+1
Write a program that compute 5+3-4+1
.MODEL SMALL
.DATA
SUM DW 0
.CODE
.STARTUP
MOV AX,5
ADD AX,3
SUB AX,4
INC AX
MOV SUM,AX
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
END
MOV AL, Source

MUL Multiplier AL X 8 bits src
=
MOV AL,05
MOV CL,03 AH AL
MUL CL ; reg. or mem.
MOV MEM1, AX AX X 16 bits src
=
DX AX
MOV AL, Source AX

DIV Divisor
MOV AX,600 8 bit src.

MOV CL,03 =
DIV CL ; reg. or mem. AH AL
MOV MEM1, AL
MOV MEM2, AH
Other Instructions
XCHG, PTR, EQU, DUP
XCHG AX, BX ; put AX in BX and BX in AX
XCHG MEM1, AX ; put AX in MEM1 and MEM1 in AX
XCHG MEM1, MEM2 ; illegal- can’t exchange memory locations
.DATA
Num DD 0
.CODE
MOV AX, WORD PTR Num[0]
MOV DX, WORD PTR Num[2]
Other Instructions
XCHG, PTR, EQU, DUP
EQU (=) can be used to define constants that can’t be changed
during execution. No memory location is allocated!
.data
count equ 30 ; count = 30
.code
-----
mov cx, count
-----
mov ax, count
end
Other Instructions
XCHG, PTR, EQU, DUP
DUP used to allocate memory locations with specific value
.data
Num db 10 dup(0)
.code
Mov [Num], 3
Mov [Num+1], 5
mov al,[num+1]
end
Procedures
PROC, ENDP, CALL
.MODEL SMALL
Name PROC .DATA
---- MSG DB 'Hello world!',13,10, '$'
---- .CODE
.STARTUP
RET CALL Print_MSG
Name ENDP CALL Print_MSG
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
Print_MSG PROC
MOV DX,OFFSET MSG
MOV AH,9
INT 21H
RET
Print_MSG ENDP
END
Procedures
PROC, ENDP, CALL
.MODEL SMALL
Passing parameters to procedures: .DATA
In registers SUM DB ?
In memory .CODE
In stack .STARTUP
MOV AL,5
MOV BL,3
CALL ADD_NUMBERS
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
ADD_NUMBERS PROC
ADD AL, BL
MOV SUM, AL
RET
ADD_NUMBERS ENDP
END
Procedures
Lab Assignments
 Write a program that adds numbers from 1 to 100.
 Write a program that print the char ‘*’ 100 times.
 Write a procedure that add 2 numbers passed to it by
registers and use it in your main code.
 Write 3 programs that print the following 3 patterns.
* * ********************* *********************
* * * * ******************
* * * * ***************
* * * ************
********************* *********
*******
****
**
*

Lecture4 Part2 8086 Assembly Programming

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8086 Assembly Programming

Lecture4-Part2-8086 Assembly Programming

AND Destination, Source

; mask certain bits of an operand

; Convert small char into capital a A

XOR Destination, Source

; toggle certain bits of an operand

; clear the content of a register

; toggle certain bits of an operand

; clear the content of a register

; 1’s complement of an operand AL

SHR dest, 1 ; shift once

SHL dest, CL ; cl contains number of shifts

JMP label ;jump unconditional

JMP label ;jump unconditional

MOV AL, Source

MOV AL, Source AX

MOV AX,600 8 bit src.

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