What is APA?

American Psychological Association

When is it mostly used?
What is it mostly concerned with?
A method of citing references
Parenthetical citations in text
References page
 Purpose for citing sources:

 -to give credit to the original author of a

work
 To promote scholarly writing
 To help you target audience identify
your original source
Quotations
• Jones's (1998) study found the following:
Students often had difficulty using APA
style, especially when it was their first time
citing sources. This difficulty could be
attributed to the fact that many students
failed to  purchase a style manual or to ask 
their teacher for help. (p. 199)
Summary or Paraphrase
• According to Jones (1998), APA style is a
difficult citation format for first-time
learners.
APA style is a difficult citation format for
first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199).
o Reference in text (when the text
Parenthetical Citations—One Author

as a whole needs to be cited)

oRowling (2005) argues for the
development of new curricula.
 Avoiding Plagiarism

 Another way to avoid plagiarism is to use your own

work as often as possible. Quoting and citing sources is
usually required and inevitable when doing research --
that's how you "back up" your own work. But using
someone else's work excessively can be construed as
plagiarism.

 Another way to it is to quote and/or cite your sources

properly.
 Rearrange the following references into APA.
References
(2001, March). Retrieved from http://www.aaai.org American Association for
Artificial Intelligence. Bruner, J
Atomic diplomacy: Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Diplomatic History, 28 (3), 126-129.
Bernstein, B. J.
Pink houses and family taverns. Bloomington, IL: Indiana University Press.
Broadway, B. (2002).
How the lady sings. New York: Harper. Broadway, B., Carrol, L., Smith, T. (2007).
Creation of the media: Political origins of the media. (1922). Crane, N. F. (2003,
September). Los Angeles: Houghton-Mifflin.

In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. The New York Times.
Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com Foreman, R., Bennett, E., & Collins, T.
(1999, February 16).

Retrieved from: https://adamtheteacher.wordpress.com/2012/02/26/problems

faced-by-teachers-in-classroom/ “Problems Faced by Teachers in
Classroom” Adam T.(2012)
 References

Bruner J, (2001, March)American Association for Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved from

http://www.aaai.org

Bernstein, B. J. Atomic diplomacy: Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Diplomatic History, 28 (3), 126-129.

Broadway, B. (2002). Pink houses and family taverns. Bloomington, IL: Indiana University Press.

Broadway, B., Carrol, L., Smith, T. (2007). How the lady sings. New York: Harper.

Broadway, B., et al. (2008). How the man sings. New York: Harper.

Crane, N. F. (2003,eptember) Creation of the media: Political origins of the media. (1922). Los Angeles:
Houghton-Mifflin.

Foreman, R., Bennett, E., & Collins, T. (1999, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people
flunk out. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

• Adam T.(2012) “Problems Faced by Teachers in Classroom” Retrieved

from:https://adamtheteacher.wordpress.com/2012/02/26/problems-faced-by-teachers-in-classroom/
