Bonding In Some

Homonuclear Diatomic
Molecules
 It is formed by combination of two hydrogen atoms and each
hydrogen atom has one electron in 1s orbital
Both these electrons are to be accommodated in the lowest energy
molecule
They should have opposite spin
1) It is Diamagnetic since no paired electron is present
HYDROGEN The Bond Dissociation Energy is 438 kJ per mol
MOLECULE Bond length is 74pm
(H2) Bond Order =

=1
 Each helium atom has two electrons in 1s- orbital and therefore
there are four electrons in He2 molecule.
 The electrons will be accommodated in σ1s and σ*1s molecular
orbitals

2) HELIUM
MOLECULE Therefore He2 molecule is unstable and does not exist

( He2)
 Electronic Configuration is 1s2, 2s1
There are 6 electrons in Li2 molecule

3) LITHIUM
MOLECULE
(Li2)

It is stable and since it has no unpaired electrons it should be

diamagnetic.
Diamagnetic Li2 molecules are known to exist in the vapour phase.
 Electronic Configuration is 1s22s22p2
C2 : (σ1s) 2 (σ *1s) 2 (σ2s)(σ*2s) 2(∏ 2p2x = ∏2p2 y)
Or KK(σ2s) 2 (σ* 2s) 2 (∏ 2p 2 x = ∏2p 2 y)
 Bond order =
4) CARBON Diamagnetic C2 molecules have been detected in vapour phase
MOLECULE Double bond in C2 consists of both pi bond because of the
presence of four electrons in two pi molecular orbitals
(C2)
 Electronic Configuration of oxygen atom is 1s22s22p4
 Ten electrons are present in bonding molecular orbitals and six
electrons are present in antibonding MO.
Bond order = = 2

5) OXYGEN
MOLECULE
(O2) So, atoms are held in a double bond and it contains two unpaired
electrons in ∏ 2p and ∏ * 2py molecular orbitals
O2 molecule is paramagnetic