Horizontal Drilling: Current Status and Case Histories

Horizontal Drilling
Current Status and Case Histories

Horizontal Drilling
Background
History of Horizontal Drilling

1891 - First Patent Issued
 1929 - First Horizontal Oil Well Drilled
 1950’s - Development of Hydraulic Fracturing suppressed
need for Horizontal Wells

 1970’s – used long radius technology to develop fields
w/o navigational technology

 1980’s – Advances in Directional Technology to Steer
Offshore Wells
 1985 – First Austin Chalk Well
 1990 – approx. 1,500 Horizontal Wells Worldwide
 2000 – Est. 20,000 Horizontal Wells Worldwide
Horizontal Drilling
Background
What is a Horizontal Well ?

 No API Definition
 Any well put in a reservoir to expose as much permeability
and porosity as possible
 A Controlled Directional Completion Procedure
Why Drill Horizontal Wells ?

 Produce Reserves not Drained by Vertical Wells
 Produce Reserves not Economic in Vertical Wells
 A More Efficient Use of Reservoir Drive Energy
 Provide better Rate of Return than Vertical Well
Gas
Oil
Water
Another Reasons
Kota Lensa
Lensa Offshore
Patahan Salt dome
Sungai Lapisan Tipis
Horizontal Drilling
Current Status in Kansas
Current Status of Non-Vertical Wells (November, 1999)
 68 Approved “Intent to Drill” Applications
 34 Horizontal Wells Confirmed

 1 Horizontal Well Reported (not confirmed)
 3 Deviated Wells Confirmed

• many more but unreported
 2 Slant (high angle) Wells Confirmed

Horizontal Drilling in Kansas
Definitions & Terms
Classification of Horizontal Wells

Horizontal Well Radius Categories
Traditionally
Long - Medium - Short - Ultrashort
No API Standard
Currently
Classified by Bend Rate of Curve
2o-8o / 100 Ft. – Long Radius
8o-35o / 100 Ft. – Medium Radius
1/2o-2o / Ft. – Short Radius
Determines:
Lateral Length
Steering Method
Completion Technique
Treatment Methods
Definitions & Terms
Common Terms used to Describe Horizontal Wells
MWD - “Measurement While Drilling”

Azimuth, Inclination, Measured Depth
LWD - “Logging While Drilling”
most standard vertical hole e-logs
PIF - “Productivity Improvement Factor”
multiplier of production increase over offset vertical wells
Definitions & Terms
Opening Remarks
Caveat Contemplor
Determining Success of a Horizontal Well
Requires:
Assessing if Basic Criteria was Accomplished
 Where it is drilled….
geology - structure & stratigraphy
 Why it is drilled….
reservoir & drive mechanism
 What it is drilled for….
reservoir management
 How it is drilled….
well design, drilling, & completion
Operator Reporting Prevents Accurate

Assessment
 Inaccurate
 Incomplete
 Non-existent
Current Status
General Characteristics of the 34 Horizontal Wells

 1st Horizontal Well in Kansas
Mar-1988, Phillips Petroleum, Trego Co.
196 ft. Lateral in Marmaton Frmn.
 Build Rate & Radius Ranges
Shortest: 2.7o/ft. / 33 ft.
Longest: 1.4o/100 ft. / 1087 ft.
 Measured Depth / True Vertical Depth
Shallowest: 250 ft. / 200 ft.
Deepest: 7969 ft. / 6190 ft.
 Horizontal Lateral Length
Shortest: 40 ft.
Longest: 1877 ft.
 Most Frequently Drilled Formation
Mississippian - Osage (7), St Louis (4), Spergen-Warsaw (3)
Spatial Distribution and Formation
Chse Marm Peru Bevier McClth Miss Arbk Gas Stg

Current Status
Horizontal Drilling Activity

1988 to 1999
11
10
0
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Current Status
Horizontal Wells by Formation
Mississippian, et al
6
4
Gas Stg
3
2
Gas Stg
1
0
Current Status
Azimuth of Lateral
Heel to Toe Direction
7
0
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315
330
345
360
North East South West North
Degrees from North
Current Status
Lateral Length
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Length (ft)
Current Status
TVD vs Lateral Length
-
Chase Group
Mississippian
1,000 Arbuckle
Viola
McClouth
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000
Lateral Length (ft)
Case Histories
Riffe
McClouth Field
Muhlheim
Lost Springs
Stillwell
Aldrich NE
Hugoton Wieland W
Oppy S
Porter
Cunningham Gas Strg

Shuck
Coffeyville
Chse Marm Peru Bevier McClth Miss Arbk Gas Stg

Case Histories - Winfield Formation
Toe Up
Case Histories - Winfield Formation
Permian Chase Formation PIF: .89

Horizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
1,000,000
Tate-Unrein 4 Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate 306,915
Tate-Unrein 4 Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
273,612
100,000
10,000
1,000
Jan-94 Jul-94 Jan-95 Jul-95 Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Aug-98
Case Histories - Osage Formation
Toe Up
Mississippian Osage Formation

PIF: 3.1
100,000
30,802
9,738
10,000
1,000
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate

Antrim-Cossman 1HZ Mnthly. Rate
Antrim-Cossman 1HZ Cumulative
100
Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Mississippian Osage Formation PIF: 5.3

100,000
52,064
9,738
10,000
1,000
Billings 1 HZ Mnthly. Rate

Billings 1 HZ Cumulative
100
Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Case Histories - Spergen-Warsaw Formation
Case Histories - Spergen-Warsaw Formation
Mississippian Spergen-Warsaw Formation PIF: 2.2

100,000
Shearer B 1-26H Mnthly. Rate
Shearer B 1-26H Cumulative
17,053
10,000
7,850
1,000
100
Jun-97 Dec-97 Jun-98 Dec-98 Jun-99 Dec-99
Case Histories - St. Louis Formation
Mississippian St Louis Formation PIF: 3.1

100,000
McHargue Lease Mnthly. Rate
McHargue Lease Cumulative 50,586
Drill Horizontal Lateral in St. Louis Formation
8,871
13,407
10,000
1,000
100
Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Case Histories - McClouth Formation
Toe Up
Case Histories - McClouth Formation
Atokan McClouth Formation PIF: 5.5

100,000
Seaver 9-H Mnthly Rate
Seaver 9-H Cumulative
31,240
10,000
5,655
1,000
100
Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Case Histories - Bevier Coal Formation
Case Histories - Bevier Coal Formation
Cherokee Bevier Formation PIF: 3.4

1,000,000
SW 14-15S-24E Lease Mnthly. Rate
SW 14-15S-24E Lease Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative 127,790
100,000
30,031
10,000
1,000
Drill Horizontal Laterals
100
Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Case Histories - Peru Formation
Case Histories - Peru Formation
Marmaton Peru Formation PIF: .58

Horizontal - Vertical Comparison
1,000
385
224
100
10
Benning 1H Mnthly. Rate

Benning 1H Cumulative
1
Jan-92 Jul-92 Jan-93 Jul-93
Case Histories - Arbuckle Formation
Case Histories - Arbuckle Formation
Case Histories - Marmaton Group
Case Histories - Viola Formation
Toe Up
Conclusions
Currently a Mixed Bag of Successes and Failures

 Best Performing Reservoirs
Atokan Group - McClouth Best PIF: 5.5
Mississippian - Osage Best PIF: 5.3 to 3.1
Mississippian - St. Louis Best PIF: 3.1
Cherokee Group - Bevier Coal Best PIF: 3.4
Mississippian - Spergen-Warsaw Best PIF: 2.2
 Poorest Performing Reservoirs
Marmaton Group - Peru Best PIF: .58
Chase Group Best PIF: .89
 Most Horizontal Candidates not Properly Screened

All Reservoir’s w/ Low BHP & Kh Perform Poorly
Chase Group, Marmaton, Peru, some Mississippian
All Reservoir’s w/ High Rcrvy. Eff. Perform Poorly
Arbuckle, some Mississippian
Conclusions
Many Good Candidates not yet Tested
Thin Beds in Lansing-Kansas City
EOR in Multiple Reservoirs
SAG-D Thermal in Cherokee Sands of SE Kansas
Attic Oil in Large Structures (Ordv. and Miss.)
High BHP, Low Kh of Fractured Miss of SC Kansas

Conculsions
Horizontal Drilling Activity by Year

in
Kansas and Canada
1,400 14
Canada
1,200 Kansas 12
Wells Drilled in Canada
Wells Drilled in Kansas

1,000 10
800 8
600 6
400 4
200 2
- 0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Year
Acknowledgements
Petroleum Research Section

Dr. Timothy Carr
Kansas Corporation Commission

Conservation Division
Dave Williams
Donna Dill

Horizontal Drilling: Current Status and Case Histories

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Horizontal Drilling: Current Status and Case Histories

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Horizontal Drilling

Current Status and Case Histories

History of Horizontal Drilling

need for Horizontal Wells

w/o navigational technology

What is a Horizontal Well ?

Why Drill Horizontal Wells ?

Current Status of Non-Vertical Wells (November, 1999)

 68 Approved “Intent to Drill” Applications

 34 Horizontal Wells Confirmed

 3 Deviated Wells Confirmed

 2 Slant (high angle) Wells Confirmed

Classification of Horizontal Wells

Common Terms used to Describe Horizontal Wells

MWD - “Measurement While Drilling”

Operator Reporting Prevents Accurate

General Characteristics of the 34 Horizontal Wells

Chse Marm Peru Bevier McClth Miss Arbk Gas Stg

Horizontal Drilling Activity

Horizontal Wells by Formation

TVD vs Lateral Length

Cunningham Gas Strg

Chse Marm Peru Bevier McClth Miss Arbk Gas Stg

Permian Chase Formation PIF: .89

Mississippian Osage Formation

Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate

Mississippian Osage Formation PIF: 5.3

Billings 1 HZ Mnthly. Rate

Mississippian Spergen-Warsaw Formation PIF: 2.2

Mississippian St Louis Formation PIF: 3.1

Atokan McClouth Formation PIF: 5.5

Cherokee Bevier Formation PIF: 3.4

Drill Horizontal Laterals

Marmaton Peru Formation PIF: .58

Benning 1H Mnthly. Rate

Currently a Mixed Bag of Successes and Failures

 Most Horizontal Candidates not Properly Screened

Many Good Candidates not yet Tested

Thin Beds in Lansing-Kansas City

EOR in Multiple Reservoirs

SAG-D Thermal in Cherokee Sands of SE Kansas

Attic Oil in Large Structures (Ordv. and Miss.)

High BHP, Low Kh of Fractured Miss of SC Kansas

Horizontal Drilling Activity by Year

Wells Drilled in Kansas

Petroleum Research Section

Kansas Corporation Commission

You might also like