GRADE 10

BIOLOGY
CYRIL BAUA CAUILAN
Practice Teacher
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CYRIL BAUA CAUILAN
Practice Teacher
Output
What is the role What is the role
of LSH in Female of FSH in Female
Reproductive Reproductive
System? System?
 It stimulates ovulation
and the production of  Stimulate the
estrogen and growth of the
progesterone
ovarian follicle
 Pituitary Gland

LH and FSH

Ovary

Estrogen Progesterone

Female Growth of
Traits Uterine Lining
 OVARIES

Fallopian
Tube Guess
Me !!!!
Endometrium Uterus
You just have
to identify all
Cervix the Female
Reproductive
Vagina Organs.
 FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
 OBJECTIVE
S
A.) describe the feedback mechanism involved in
regulating process in the female reproduction e.g.
Menstrual Cycle;
B.) observe and explain the feedback mechanisms
involved in regulating processes in the female
reproductive system specially in Menstrual Cycle;
and
C.) manage the physical and psychological changes in
female that may occur during the Menstrual Cycle
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Vagina
 Outer Vagina and Inner
Vagina (Vaginal
Canal/Vaginal Ring)

 It is the canal between that

connects the outer vagina to
the internal female
reproductive organ
 Purpose
(a) it is where the penis is
inserted during sexual
intercourse.
(b) it is the pathway (the birth
canal) through which a baby
leaves a woman's body during Uterus
childbirth, and The hollow, pear-shaped organ in
a woman's pelvis. The uterus is
c) It's the route through which
where a fetus (unborn baby)
menstrual blood leaves the body
develops and grows. Also called
during periods.
womb.
 Fallopian
Tube
 These are narrow canals connected
to the upper part of the uterus.
 Through the tubes, the eggs travel
from the ovaries to the uterus, and
inside them, the egg meets the sperm
(fertilization). Then, the fertilized egg
travels through the tubes to the
uterus, where it can stick to the
uterine wall and form an embryo.
Endometriu
m
Each month, the
endometrium thickens and renews
itself, preparing for pregnancy. If
pregnancy doesn't occur, the
endometrium sheds in a process
known as menstruation. If conception
takes place, the embryo implants into
the endometrium.
 Ovary/
Ovaries
These small oval-shaped glands are
located on the sides of the uterus. Eggs
form inside the ovaries that also
produce female hormones.
MenstruaL
Cycle
MenstruaL Cycle  If ovulation takes place and the egg
isn't fertilized, the lining of the
uterus sheds through the vagina.
This is a menstrual period.

 The menstrual cycle often begins at

puberty stage between ages 8 to 15.
 The monthly series of changes
a woman's body goes through
in preparation for the  There are four phases of the
possibility of pregnancy. menstrual cycle, namely
menstruation, follicular,
Each month, one of the ovaries ovulation phase, and luteal
releases an egg — a process called phase.
ovulation. At the same time,
hormonal changes prepare the
uterus for pregnancy.
Questions to
Ponder Please Watch
 What is Menstruation Phase?
Attentively
 What is Follicular Phase?
 What is Ovulation Phase?

 What is Luteal Phase?

 Menstruation
Phase
 This is the time of bleeding, or the
period.

 The internal lining of the uterine wall

(endometrium) along with other
secretions from the body are
eliminated through the vagina.
 Periods usually last between 3 to 7 days.
The first day of a woman’s period is
considered “Day 1” of her menstrual
cycle
MENARCHE MENOPAUSE
Term refers to the
Term refers to the
last menstrual
first menstrual
cycle
cycle
 Follicular Phase

 This phase begins on the first day of

menstruation, but it lasts till the
13th day of the cycle

 the endometrium in the uterus begins to

thicken or build up again. At the same time,
several follicles start maturing in the
ovaries.

 Only one of these maturing follicles will

complete maturation. The rest will
eventually deteriorate and disappear. This
takes 1-13 days.
 Ovulation Phase

 around day 14, the remaining

mature follicle releases its egg cell
from the ovary in the process of
ovulation.

 indicates the formation of a mature egg cell

by one of the ovaries. Hormones cause the
chamber around the egg (called the follicle)
to break open and release the mature egg
into the fallopian tube.

 Now the woman can become pregnant when

the egg encounters a sperm.
 Luteal Phase
 the uterus is ready to receive a
fertilized egg. The egg usually
takes 3 to 4 days to reach the
uterus.
 If the egg has been fertilized by a sperm
cell, it attaches to the thick, blood-filled
lining of the uterus. This is the start of
pregnancy.
 If an egg is not fertilized, the egg and the
lining of the uterus break down. The extra
blood and tissue leave the body through the
vagina, and the woman begins her period
which signifies the start of another cycle.
 In negative feedback, rising levels of
hormones feedback to the 
hypothalamus and pituitary gland to
decrease the production of the hormones.
In positive feedback, rising levels of
hormones feedback to increase hormone
 production. During most of the
menstrual cycle, estrogen and
progesterone provide negative feedback
to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
This keeps their levels more or less
constant. During days 12–14, however,
estrogen provides positive feedback to the
hypothalamus and pituitary gland. This
causes a rapid rise in the production of
estrogen by the ovaries and leads to
ovulation.
During the first half of the cycle, negative
feedback keeps levels of FSH, LH,
estrogen, and progesterone relatively
stable. During ovulation, positive feedback
causes a burst of FSH, LH, and estrogen.
During the second half of the cycle,
progesterone rises as the corpus luteum
in the ovary matures and produces this
hormone. Negative feedback helps keep
levels of the other three hormones fairly
constant.
 What causes Menstruation?

It is caused by low amount of estrogen and

progesterone that allows the shedding of
the uterine lining.
 What is the role of FSH in
Follicular Phase?
 It stimulates ovarian  These follicles produce the hormone
follicle to grow and estrogen, which in turn thickens the
lining of the endometrium in
reach maturity. preparation to receive a fertilized egg.
 Role of Estrogen and Progesterone in Luteal
Phase
 The follicle from which the mature egg burst out (now called
the yellow body of the ovary or corpus luteum) released a
large quantity of progesterone and some estrogen. The two
hormones help thicken the lining of the endometrium and
the progesterone maintains its thickness.
 If fertilization does not occur, the yellow body degrades and
progesterone levels decrease, leaving the lining unstable. The
endometrial layer is slough away and eliminated from the
body as menstrual blood. As estrogen and progesterone
levels are now too low to inhibit the anterior pituitary gland,
the cycle can now begin again.
PHYSICAL CHANGES
 Breast tenderness and swelling
 Diarrhea or constipation
 Bloating and gas
 Headaches or backaches
 Cramps
 Fluid retention
 Fatigue and vertigo
 Acne
PSYCHOLOGICAL
CHANGES
 Aggressive behavior and irritability
 Trouble sleeping (too much or little)
 Difficulty concentrating &
remembering
 Stress and anxiety
 Changes in appetite
 Reduced libido
 Mood swings
• Depression or sadness
 Please arrange these pictures according to the phases of menstrual
cycle using the alphabet A, B, C, and D

1. B (Follicular) 2. D (Luteal) 3. A (Menstruation) 4. C (Ovulation)

 Menstruation
Phase NEGATIVE
FEEDBACK
Follicular Phase

Ovulation Phase
POSITIVE
FEEDBACK
Luteal Phase
Infographics Make Your Idea
Understandable…
2018
A
Jupiter
2016
2017
Mercury
Venus

2019
Saturn
… And Tables Do the Same!

Mass Diameter Surface Gravity

(Earths) (Earths) (Earths)

Mercury 0.06 0.38 0.38

Mars 0.11 0.53 0.38

Saturn 95.2 9.4 1.16

 This Is a Map

Venus
Venus has a beautiful
name, but it’s terribly
hot
A Timeline Always Works Well

Mercury is the Venus has a Despite being red,

closest planet to the beautiful name, but Mars is a cold place
Sun it’s hot
2017 2019

2016 2018 2020

Jupiter is the Saturn is the ringed
biggest planet of one and a gas giant
them all
4,498,300,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s
attention
333,000.00
earths is the Sun’s mass

24h 37m 23s 386,000 km

is Jupiter’s rotation period is the distance between Earth and
the Moon
Reinforce the Concept Using Infographics!

04 MARS 01
Mars is a
cold place

VENUS JUPITER
Venus is terribly Jupiter is the
hot biggest planet
EARTH
Earth
harbors life
03 02
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