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 Picture
Analysis
LESSON 3:
Positive and Negative
Effects of Religion
Jeniel Villanueva
RELIGION IN ANCIENT TIMES
POSITIVE
EFFECTS
OF
RELIGION
 PRINCIPLE OF
SEPARATION OF
STATE AND
RELIGION
P Promotes Social Harmony
O Provides Moral Values
S
I Provides Social Change
T Reduces Fear of the Unknown
I
Gives Positive Goals in Life
V
E Gives People a Sense of Belonging
 Religion Promotes Social
01 Harmony
Religion believes in supernatural beings and
powers. It practices a set of rituals and
ceremonious rites of passage and rites of
intensification. It also regards religious leaders
such as priests, priestesses and shamans in high
esteem. These characteristics help advance social
harmony by assimilating and stabilizing cultures
and nations.
BABAYLANES /
CATALONES
intercede between the
deities and people; to
continue the rituals; to
play as healers; and to
act as cultural leaders
of the community
 Another important characteristic of
religion is the performance of common
rituals and practices on a regular basis.
Practice of whirling or spinning
with the aim of reaching the
source of all perfection by
abandoning one’s ego or personal
desires through listening to music,
Sufi focusing on God, and spinning
Dervishes one’s body in repetitive circles
 Another important characteristic of
religion is the performance of common
rituals and practices on a regular basis.

Provides people with a

common ground, despite
differences in social statuses
Masse and political ideologies
s
 Another important characteristic of
religion is the performance of common
rituals and practices on a regular basis.
The attitude of obedience,
devotion and care of one’s
parents and elder family
members which serves as the
Xiao or Filial basis of moral conduct which
Piety leads to social harmony
 Another important characteristic of
religion is the performance of common
rituals and practices on a regular basis.

The concept of non-violence

or the ethical principle of not
causing harm to other living
Ahims beings
a
02 Religion Provides Moral Values

Perhaps one of the most significant

functions of religion is that it encourages
moral values. By providing moral values, one
is able to distinguish right from wrong, good
from evil. It also provides a system of reward
and punishment that administers and
standardizes people’s behavior in society.
SYSTEM OF REWARD AND
PUNISHMENT
03 Religion Provides Social Change

Since religion is a source of moral

values, religion provides social
change. It can be very effective in
lobbying and campaigning for certain
social issues using its own moral
teachings as the basis of argument.
 Satyagraha
Civil Liberties and Success of the People
Movement /
Antislavery Power Revolution in
Passive
Movement 1986
 Religion Reduces Fear of the
04 Unknown
Religion was developed from man’s need to have
a sense of origin and destination; to discover where
they came from and where they are bound to go to
when they die. Religion provides answers for
phenomena and questions that science or reason
cannot explain. More importantly, religion has
provided assurances as to where spirits will go when
people die, reducing people’s fear of death as
something undesirable.
 CHRISTIA EARLY
HINDUS MUSLIMS
NS FILIPINO
Follow the Dying in jihad
Obey the Ten
dharma to or struggle ANIMISTS
Commandme
reap good against Afterlife is a
nts and being
karma to believers or continuation
good to others
attain moksha performing of life on
will earn a
and atman the hajj Earth
reward
05 Religion Gives Positive Goals in Life
People were inspired by the stories of different
prophets from their own religious affiliations, like that of
Moses, Siddharta Gautama, and Muhammad. These
people showed how ordinary people like them were given
important missions in life. and how they struggled to carry
out their respective missions. Their narratives—
perpetuated through religion—may give people a sense of
meaning in life; that they are not placed in this world
without a purpose; that each and everyone has a mission to
fulfill and it is up to them to fathom what their missions in
 Religion Gives People a Sense of
06 Belonging
Just as family, ethnicity, or nationality give people a
sense of belonging, so does religion. For some, religion
provides people with personal identity as part of a group
with similar worldviews, beliefs. values, practices, and
lifestyles. It provides communities with prospects to
recognize and offer vital action and service to provide the
needs of the larger community. It also provides them with a
sense of security because other people who belong to the
same religious group will tend’ to support and help each
other in times of crisis.
 PRINCIPLE OF
SEVA
Seva means selfless
service. Sikhs are
expected to perform
work or service
without expecting
anything in return.
NEGATIVE
EFFECTS
OF
RELIGION
N Affirms Social Hierarchy
E Causes Discrimination
G
A Triggers Conflicts and Fights
T As an Economic Tool for Exploiting the Masses
I
Impedes Scientific Success and Development
V
E Obstructs the Use of Reason
 Religion Affirms Social
01
Hierarchy

Some religions affirm social

hierarchy often favoring men and
as a result, perpetuate the notions
of class or gender discrimination
and oppression.
CONFUCIAN
HINDUISM
ISM
Brahmins

Khsatriya
s

Vaishyas

Shudras

Untouchable
s
 Religion Causes
02
Discrimination
There are some who say that religion, after turning
people against themselves, turn people against each other.
This happens when people do not tolerate religious
ideologies different from the one they follow. Religious
fanaticism can lead to feelings of hatred, which could lead
to racism, and eventually violence. Throughout history,
religion has been used by colonizers to justify their
forcible occupation of territories. In a way, religion has
made this world a more complicated place to live in.
 HIJAB
A head covering worn in public by
Muslim women
Women have to cover their
body, from head to toe, so as
not to attract the attention of
men – perpetuating the notion
that women are temptations
that men should avoid.
 Religion Triggers Conflicts and
03
Fights
Religion can be a source of conflict
and war. History witnessed numerous
lives sacrificed and lost in the name of
religion. Wars have been fought in the
name of religion, and this phenomenon
continues up to the present time
 Religion as an Economic Tool for
04 Exploiting the Masses

According to the German philosopher Karl Marx,

“religion is the opium of the masses.” This is in relation to
his critical approach to religion in which he proposed that
the bourgeoisie keeps the proletariat in control through
religion. According to Marx, it maintains social inequality
by propagating a worldview that justifies oppression. He
believed that religion can be effectively used by the ruling
class to maintain a social order that is more favorable to
them.
 Religion Impedes Scientific Success
05 and Development

Throughout history, religion has proven to

impede scientific development. Aside from
these, some of the moral teachings of other
religions are deemed by secular communities
to be detrimental to development.
 Religion Obstructs the Use of
06
Reason
Many question the suitability of religious
doctrines to the needs of the present and future
generations. In order to put this dogma to
practice, religion should, therefore, evolve and
learn to adapt to the ever changing world. Ancient
religious beliefs and practices which have proven
to be inhuman should be replaced with sensible
ones.
TREPANNING
The ancient practice of
boring holes in the human
skull, a surgical procedure
performed on epileptics
and the mentally ill, with
the belief that through the
hole the evil spirit will
leave the person
HISTORICA
L EVENTS
CAUSED BY
RELIGION
SELF-IMMOLATION
OF A BUDDHIST
MONK IN VIETNAM
 SELF-
IMMOLATION
Self-immolation, or the killing of oneself
as a form of sacrifice, originally referred
to as the act of setting oneself on fire. But
now it refers to a much wider range of
suicidal choices such as leaping off a cliff,
starvation, or ritual removing of the guts
(also known as seppuku). It is used as a
form of political protest or martyrdom.
Thich Quang Duc in Vietnam in 1963
who set himself on fire in the middle
of a street in South Vietnam
 WIDOW
BURNING
AMONG THE
HINDUS IN INDIA
 Sati, or the practice of self-immolation of a widow on her
husband’s funeral pyre, is said to have originated 700 years ago in
India. It is believed to have started among the ruling class or
Rajput in India, when the rajput women burnt themselves to
death after their men were defeated in battles to avoid being taken
by the conquerors. Later on, it has become a manifestation of
wifely devotion. It has been outlawed by the British rulers in 1829
but rare cases still continue to occur.
 THE
INQUISITION
Inquisition refers to the Roman Catholic Church
groups charged with subduing heresy from around
1184, which includes the Episcopal Inquisition
(11841230s) and the Papal Inquisition (1230s). The
Inquisition was a response to large popular
movements in Europe considered heretical or
profane to Christianity, particularly Catharism (a
Christian dualist movement which espoused the idea
of two gods, one being good and the other evil) and
Waldensians (a Protestant Christian movement
which advocated that apostolic poverty is the way to
perfection) in southern France and southern Italy.
The word “inquisition,” has somehow become
associated with the word “torture.”
 STRAPPADO
One common form of
torture wherein the hands
were bound behind the
back with a rope, and the
accused was suspended
this way, dislocating the
joints painfully in both
arms
 THE GODHRA
TRAIN INCIDENT
IN 2002
HERE I STAND!
In your opinion,
can religious
conflict be
avoided? If yes,
how?
 Do you think
religious groups
should have a say in
political affairs?
Why or why not?
 Do you think
religions are
instruments for
world peace or for
more world
conflicts?
 Make a collage
portraying the positive
and negative effects of
religion.
NOTE: You can print or cut out pictures
from magazines and newspapers
 The ancient practice of
boring holes in the
human skull
Babaylan Hijab
Trepanning Sati
Strappado
 The term used for the
form of torture used
during the Inquisition
Babaylan Hijab
Trepanning Sati
Strappado
 The term used for the
Hindu practice of
widow burning
Babaylan Hijab
Trepanning Sati
Strappado
 The term used for a head
covering worn in public
by Muslim women
Babaylan Hijab
Trepanning Sati
Strappado
Spiritual leaders in ancient Philippine
society who were mostly women

Babaylan Hijab
Trepanning Sati
Strappado
 Make a research about
how Judaism traces its
origin as an organized
ASSIGNMENT belief system during the
Bronze Age in West Asia