ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

CHEM-420
ANEEZA ARSHAD
19012507-042

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AGE OF
EARTH 2
 CONTENTS
Sr no content Slide no
1 History 4
2 Introduction 8
3 Perfect Positive correlation 9
4 Perfect negative correlation 10
5 Moderately Positive correlation 11
6 Moderate negative correlation 11
7 5. Absolute no correlation 11
8 References 12

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HISTORY
 1760, Buffon measured
the cooling time of red-
hot iron balls of
different sizes. Comte de buffon
 He scaled up to the size 1707-1788

of the Earth (75,000

years to cool) iron ball.

Iron ball 4
HISTORY
 In 1862, lord celvin
assumedthat
earthoriginally had a
temperature of 7000
fahrenheit.
 Calculated cooloing
age
(20 million year) 1824-1907

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 HISTORY

 In 1899, john joly

calculated the
earth’s age using
the saltness of the
ocean (80-150
million years).
(John joly 1857-1933)

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 INTRODUCTION
 Uranium and thorium decay to give the end products
which are isotopes of lead and are stable.
 With the assumption that the radioactive minerals
were formed along with rocks containing them It is
possible to find out the number of atoms decayed
 It is related to the time the mineral took to decay to
their present state of stable isotopes and is a measure
of the age of rocks.

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LEAD URANIUM METHOD
 This method is valid for rocks containing
pockets of uranium lead mineral.
 In usual, rock containing the nuclides 92U238,
92U235, 82Pb206 and 82Pb207 is choosen.
 Yhe isotope of 82Pb208 is non radiogenic since
it has no place in any of the four radioactive
series.

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PERFECT POSITIVE CORRELATION
 If x and y have a strong positive linear correlation, r is close to
+1.
 An r value of exactly +1 indicates a perfect positive fit.
 Positive values indicate a relationship between x and y variables
such that as values for x increases, values for y also increase.

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PERFECT NEGATIVE CORRELATION
 If x and y have a strong negative linear correlation, r is
close to -1.
 An r value of exactly -1 indicates a perfect negative fit.
 Negative values indicate a relationship between x and y
such that as values for x increase, values for y decrease.

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 Moderately Positive correlation
0<r<1
 Moderate negative correlation
-1<r<1
  Absolute no correlation
If there is no linear correlation or a weak
linear correlation, r is close to 0. A value near zero
means that there is a random, nonlinear relationship
between the two variables
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REFERENCES:
 pubs.acs.org (25 may at 11:39 pm)
 link.springer.com (26 may at 12:09 am)
 tandfonline.com (26 may at 12:46 am)
 inis.iaea.org (26 may at 1:15 am)
 sciencedirect.com (26 may at 2:00am)
 cabdirect.org (26 may 4:00 am)

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