Elizabethan

Theatre
Modern Realism
Theatre of
Modern Realism
 ELIZABETHAN THEATRE
This theater was named after Queen Elizabeth who reigned
England for 44 yrs between 1558 until her death 1603. She was
called the virgin queen because she refused to marry and was a
capable leader. In the second half of 16th century it was known
as the Elizabethan Era and a golden era for England. Arts and
culture grew during Elizabethan Era and she enjoyed watching
plays and a patron to artists and playwrights
 History of
Elizabethan
Theatre
ELIZABETHAN THEATRE
 Elizabethan Theatre is a style of
theatre being performed during the
reign of queen Elizabeth. During the
medieval period; mystery plays, other
performances during religious
holidays and ceremonies were staged.
 ELIZABETHAN
THEATRE
Elizabethan theatre is the
first professional troops of
actors sponsored by Queen
Elizabeth herself, nobles and
anyone who has enough
money to fund these
performances.
 ELIZABETHAN
THEATRE
 In 1559, Queen Elizabeth banned
unlicensed performances because
she found out that how these
performances could influence both
politics and the minds of the public
 In 1572, only nobles were allowed
to sponsor professional acting
troops and in 1574 those troops
had to be licensed.
 Examples of Elizabethan
Theatre
The Swan
The Swan was a theatre in Southwark, London,
England, built in 1595 on top of a previously
standing structure, during the first half of William
Shakespeare's career.
THE SWAN THEATRE
The Rose
 It was built in 1587 by Philip
Henslowe and by a grocer named John
Cholmley. It was the first purpose-built
playhouse to ever stage a production of
any of Shakespeare's plays. The theatre
was built on a messuage called the
"Little Rose," which Henslowe had
leased from the parish of St. Saviour,
Southwark in 1585.
THE ROSE
 The Curtain
Theatre
 It was built in 1577 in Shoreditch, and
was London's second playhouse. The
name derives from the curtain wall of
the adjacent St John the Baptist
Holywell monastery.
THE CURTAIN THEATRE
 Types of Elizabethan
 Inn-yards
Theatre
The early days of Elizabethan commercial theatre. Performances
held in private London Inns. Inexpensive. Held indoors or the
yard. Audience capacity up to 500.
 Open Air Amphitheaters
Think of a public outdoor structure like the Coliseum or a small
football stadium with a capacity of between 1500 and 3000
people
 Indoor Playhouses
A small, private indoor hall. Open to anyone who would pay but
more expensive with more select audiences. Audience capacity
up to 500
 Conventions
1. Soliloquy
Hamlet’s “To be or not to be…” is literature’s most
famous soliloquy. This popular Elizabethan
convention is a literary or dramatic technique in
which a single character talks aloud inner thoughts
to him or herself, but not within earshot of
another character. Typically, a soliloquy is lengthy
with a dramatic tone.
 Conventions
2. Aside
The aside existed in Shakespeare’s times, but
happily continued into the melodramas of the 19th
century many years later. An aside is a convention
that usually involves one character addressing the
audience “on the side”, offering them valuable
information in relation to the plot or characters that
only the audience is privy to. The audience now
feels empowered, knowing more about the events
on stage than most of the characters do.
 Conventions
3. Boys Performing Female Roles
Acting in Elizabeth’s England was frowned upon my many in
society as a profession unsuitable for women, as it was
rough and rowdy instead of genteel. As a result, women
were not legally permitted to act on the English stage until
King Charles II was crowned in the year 1660 (even though
women were already acting in various European countries in
Commedia dell’Arte plays for some years). Shakespeare and
his contemporaries therefore had no choice but to cast
young boys in the roles of women, while the men played all
the male roles on stage.
 Conventions
4. Masque
Existing before Elizabethan England and also
outliving it, the masque was normally performed
indoors at the King or Queen’s court. Spoken in
verse, a masque involved beautiful costumes and
an intellectual element appropriate for the mostly
educated upper class. Masques were allegorical
stories about an event or person involving singing,
acting and dancing. Characters wore elaborate
masks to hide their faces.
 Conventions
5. Eavesdropping
Eavesdropping was a dramatic technique that sat
neatly between a soliloquy and an aside. Certain
characters would strategically overhear others on
stage, informing both themselves and the
audience of the details, while the characters
being overheard had no idea what was
happening. This convention opened up
opportunities for the playwright in the evolving
plot.
MODERN
REALISM
 HISTORY OF
MODERN-REALISM
Realism was an artistic movement that
began in France in the 1850s, after the 1848
Revolution. The movement arose in
opposition to Romanticism, which had
dominated French literature and art since the
late 18th century. Realism revolted against
the exotic subject matter and exaggerated
emotionalism and drama typical of the
Romantic movement.
 HISTORY OF
MODERN-REALISM
In favor of depictions of real life,
Realist painters often depicted
common laborers, and ordinary
people in ordinary surroundings
engaged in real activities as subjects
for their works. The chief exponents
of Realism were Gustave Courbet,
Jean-François Millet, Honoré
Daumier, and Jean-Baptiste-Camille
Corot.
 HISTORY OF
MODERN-REALISM
Realism, in the arts, the accurate, detailed, unembellished depiction of nature
or of contemporary life.
Realism rejects imaginative idealization in favour of a close observation of
outward appearances. As such, realism in its broad sense has comprised many
artistic currents in different civilizations. In the visual arts, for example, realism
can be found in ancient Hellenistic Greek sculptures accurately portraying
boxers and decrepit old women. The works of such 17th-century painters
as Caravaggio, the Dutch genre painters, the Spanish painters José de
Ribera, Diego Velázquez, and Francisco de Zurbarán, and the Le Nain
brothers in France are realist in approach. The works of the 18th-century
English novelists Daniel Defoe, Henry Fielding, and Tobias Smollett may also
be called realistic.
 Modern Realism in
Novel
• Magical realism is one of the most unique literary movements of
the last century.
• Magical realism is a genre of literature that depicts the real world
as having an undercurrent of magic or fantasy. Magical realism is a
part of the realism genre of fiction. Within a work of magical
realism, the world is still grounded in the real world, but fantastical
elements are considered normal in this world. Like fairy tales,
magical realism novels and short stories blur the line between
fantasy and reality.
 Examples of Modern Realism
Novels
Midnight’s Children by
Salman Rushdie (1981)
A novel about a boy with
telepathic powers because
he was born at midnight the
same day India became an
independent country.
Beloved by Toni Morrison (1987). Like Water for Chocolate by Laura Esquivel
A novel about a former slave (1989). A novel about a woman whose
haunted by an abusive ghost. emotions are infused in her cooking, causing
unintentional effects to the people she feeds.
The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle by Haruki
Murakami (1994). A novel about a man
searching for his missing cat, and eventually
his missing wife, in a world underneath the
streets of Tokyo.
The Ocean at the End of the Lane by
Neil Gaiman (2013). A novel about a
man who reflects on his past after
returning to his hometown for a
funeral.
Modern Realism in
Motion pictures
Like 20th-century drama and literature, the art of cinema has
depended heavily on the 19th-century realist tradition for
thematic material and often for structure. The nature of film,
however, has lent itself to a kind of realism halfway between
life and fiction. Such films, called Neorealism in Italy and
sometimes cinéma vérité in France, tried to achieve a
documentary-like objectivity by using non-actors in leading
roles and incorporating segments of actual documentary
footage into the story. The post-World War II films of Roberto
Rossellini (such as Open City [1945] and Paisan [1946])
and Vittorio De Sica (Bicycle Thieves [1948]) best exemplify
this genre.
Examples of Modern
Realism Films

Rome, Open City (Roma città Bicycle Thieves film by

aperta) film by Roberto Vittorio De Sica, 1948
Rossellini, 1945
Theatre of
Modern
Realism
 History of Theatre of
Modern Realism
The 19th century began a period
characterized by naturalism and realism
Playwrights such as Ibsen, Chekhov, Shaw
and Strindberg led the way in this new type
of theatre which reflected a language and
style more natural to real life – excess and
melodrama play a lesser role Actors began
to use the “fourth wall”
 History of Theatre of
Modern Realism
Imagining a wall where the audience sits,
keeping the belief entirely in the scene and not
speaking to the audience. Stanislavsky
developed Method Acting for the new theatre.
The “Method” requires actors to approach their
work from a more personal response,
identifying the psychological and emotional life
of a character.
THE FOURTH WALL
 Playwrights were concerned with social and
economical problems of the day – rather
than provide an escape, theatre engaged in
discussion and illumination.

 Playwrights gave characters specific stage

directions; characters are individuals – not
stereotypes, heroes or heroines; detail
given to the physical appearance of
character.
 Examples of Theatre
of Modern Realism
THE SEAGULL
The Seagull is a play by Russian dramatist Anton
Chekhov, written in 1895 and first produced in 1896.
The Seagull is generally considered to be the first of
his four major plays. It dramatises the romantic and
artistic conflicts between four characters: the famous
middlebrow story writer Boris Trigorin, the ingenue
Nina, the fading actress Irina Arkadina, and her son
the symbolist playwright Konstantin Treplev.
THE SEAGULL
UNCLE VANYA
Uncle Vanya is a play by the Russian playwright Anton
Chekhov. It was first published in 1898, and was first
produced in 1899 by the Moscow Art Theatre under
the direction of Konstantin Stanislavski. Anton
Chekhov's 'Uncle Vanya' is a dark comedy about a
wealthy couple who plans to sell their country estate,
much to the chagrin of their family members who
work there. It focuses on a rich couple visiting their
rural homestead and the turmoil of the family
members that live there.
UNCLE VANYA
THE THREE SISTERS
Three Sisters, written in 1900, is a play by
the Russian author and playwright Anton
Chekhov. It centers on a conflict between
reality and illusions. The Prozorovs,
educated and refined, squander their youth
in a provincial town, incapable of changing
their lives for the better.
THE THREE SISTERS
THE CHERRY ORCHARD
The play revolves around an aristocratic Russian land-
owner who returns to her family estate (which includes
a large and well-known cherry orchard) just before it is
auctioned to pay the mortgage. Unresponsive to offers
to save the estate, she allows its sale to the son of a
former serf; the family leaves to the sound of the cherry
orchard being cut down. The story presents themes of
cultural futility – both the futile attempts of the
aristocracy to maintain its status and of the bourgeoisie
to find meaning in its new-found materialism.
THE CHERRY ORCHARD
Conventions of Styles and
Forms
Realism:murth wall, believable character,
motivated movement, realistic language and
voice, magic-if, through line, beats and units
of action, objective, super objective,
emotion memory, circles of concentration,
personal object and costume, subtext, script
analysis/annotation, character profile.
Verbatim Theatre: interview, oral history, direct address,
dramatisation of
direct speech.
Process Drama related to Realism: establishing pretext,
the 5 Q’s (who, what, where, when, why), enrolling,
building belief, negotiating, investigating and
consolidating role, teacher-in-role, hot-seat, accepting the
fiction, framing the action, frozen effigy, mantle of the
expert, suspending disbelief, debriefing / deroling, context
of enquiry, role-on-the-wall, teacher narration, though-
tracking, tension, focus, tableau.
Skills of Drama
Forming: scriptwriting, including written
conventions

Presenting: acting, applying stagecraft, working

as an ensemble

Responding: critiquing
Principles of "THE
METHOD"
 The actor’s body & voice should be thoroughly
trained so they may respond efficiently to all
demands.
 The actor should be schooled in stage technique -
The actor should be a skilled observer of reality, out
of which he builds his roles
 The actor should seek an inner justification for
everything he does on stage.
 The actor must undertake a thorough analysis of
the script & its given circumstances. He must define
his character’s motivations in each scene, in the
play as a whole & his relationship to other
characters.
 “Illusion of the first time” – focus attention upon
the action as it unfolds moment to moment.
 “Magic If” – as if I was in that situation
 An actor must continue to work to perfect himself
as an instrument.
References:
What Is Magical Realism? Definition and Examples of Magical Realism in
Literature, Plus 7 Magical Realism Novels You Should Read. (2021, August 23).
Masterclass.Com. Retrieved April 25, 2022, from
https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-magical-realism#quiz-0
Realism. (n.d.). Courses.Lumenlearning.Com. Retrieved April 25, 2022, from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-arthistory/chapter/realism/
Craven, J. (2019, May 24). 6 Realistic Styles in Modern Art. Thoughtco.Com.
Retrieved April 25, 2022, from https://www.thoughtco.com/realistic-styles-
modern-art-4148445
Zelazko, A. (2020, May 29). Realism. britannica.com. Retrieved April 25, 2022,
from https://www.britannica.com/art/realism-art
MODERN REALISM. (n.d.). Tate.Org.Uk. Retrieved April 25, 2022, from
https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/m/modern-realism
References:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K66AFyeSoYE
https://thedramateacher.com/elizabethan-theatre-conventions/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rose_(theatre)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Swan_(theatre)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtain_Theatre
https://www.william-shakespeare.info/william-shakespeare-biography-
elizabethan-theatre-playhouse-inn-yards.htm
 GROUP MEMBERS

APARACIO, JOHN CARL

LOPEZ, PATRICK CZAR
MODA, JOAN
PACULTAD, PRINCE APPLE
PALORMA, NIELYN
TIEMPO, DEREK
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!