REMOTE MAGNETIC

SURVEY

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 BACKGROUND
Pipeline Stress

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TYPE OF PIPELINE STRESS
1. Banding Stress
2. Hoop Stress
3. Axial Stress
4. Torsional Stress
5. Fatigue Stress
6. Concentration Stress

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BANDING STRESS

Bending stress is the normal stress that an object encounters when it is subjected to great amount
of load at a particular point causing it to bend and fatigue.

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AXIAL STRESS
Axial stress results from the
restrained axial growth of the
pipe. Axial growth is caused by
thermal expansion, pressure
expansion, and applied forces. If
a pipe run can grow freely in one
direction, there is no axial present
—at least in theory.

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HOOP STRESS
Hoop stress is the result of
pressure being applied to the
pipe either internally or externally.
Because pressure is uniformly
applied to the piping system,
hoop stress also is considered to
be uniform over a given length of
pipe.

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CONCENTRATION STRESS
Hoop stress is the result of pressure being applied to the pipe either internally or
externally. Because pressure is uniformly applied to the piping system, hoop stress
also is considered to be uniform over a given length of pipe.

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STRESS CONCENTRATION
STRESS CONCENTRATION (2)
STRESS CONCENTRATION (3)

S (max)

𝑷
𝒔 ( 𝒎𝒂𝒙 )= 𝑲 𝒕
𝑨
d

F
INSPECTION
METHOD
 PIPELINE INSPECTION TECHNOLOGY
INSPECTION ABOVE/UNDER CONTACT COST EQUIPMENT DURATION RISK RESULT OF STRESS
METHOD GROUND WEIGTH INSPECTION INSPECTION
Inline Inspection Medium Yes Medium Heavy & Depend on High Location, Not (UT),
(Pigging) Massive speed flow Number, Sizing, Localizasion
rate & Pipe Quantitatif Stress (Yes),
condition (UT),Sizing Stress zone
(MAOP) (Not)
Ultrasonic Test Under Yes High Ligth Very Slow Low Location, Not
Measurement Number,
/Visual test Quantitave,
Sizing.
Above Yes Medium Ligth Slow Low Location, Not
Number,
Quantitave,
Sizing
LRUT Under Less Medium Medium Medium/Slow Medium Location, Not
Number, Sizing
Above Less Medium Medium Fast Medium Location, Not
Number, Sizing
 PIPELINE INSPECTION TECHNOLOGY
INSPECTION ABOVE/UNDER CONTACT COST EQUIPMENT DURATION RISK RESULT OF STRESS
METHOD GROUND WEIGTH INSPECTION INSPECTION
Remote Under Less Medium Ligth Fast Low Location, Yes
Magnetometric Number, Sizing.
Inspection
Above Less/Contact Medium Ligth Fast Low Location, Yes
Number, Sizing
STEP OF WORK
 STEPS OF WORK

Pipeline
Pipeline
Tracking
Pipeline Inspection
Preliminery Verification
Tracking using using Remote Reporting
Remote Engineering
GPR
using
Undewerwater
Drone
Magnetic
Survey

Magnetometric
Inspection
PRELIMINERY ENGINEERING
 PRELIMINERY ENGINEERING

Initial investigations were carried out to review the problems that occurred at
industrial sites based on information from informants. From this initial investigation
data is obtained in the form of primary data and secondary planning from the owner
of the work that will be used as the basis for doing the work.

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfWmfi7NgOSvfnFw5Vl9WfdwdGMIG1ihLmEis7XG7ZpT7jhsA/viewform
?usp=sf_link
 PIPELINE TRACKING
USING GEO PENETRATING RADAR
 GROUND PENETRATING RADAR
1. GPR is a geophysical locating method that uses radio waves to capture images below the
surface of the ground in a minimally invasive way.
2. GPR works by sending a tiny pulse of energy into the ground then recording the strength of
reflected signals and time it takes them to return to the receiver.
3. A scan consists of a series of pulses over a single area.
4. While some of the GPR energy pulse reflects back to the receiving antenna, some energy
continues to travel through the material until it dissipates, or the scanning session simply
ends.
5. The rate of signal dissipation varies widely, depending on the properties of the materials.
GEO PENETRATING RADAR
GPR WITH UAV SYSTEM
SCAN PLAN/FLIGTH PLAN
SCAN IMAGE
GPR SYSTEM
 SCAN IMAGE

https://youtu.be/YW8BKbpaXPI
SCAN IMAGE
 PIPELINE TRACKING
VERIFICATION
USING
UNDERWATER DRONE
UNDERWATER DRONE
 PIPELINE INSPECTION
USING
REMOTE MAGNETIC SURVEY
MAGNETIC SURVEY FUNDAMENTAL

1. Pipe magnetic field will be distorted in defect areas, i.e. corrosion

spots, weld defects, score marks on pipe body, and dents.
2. Magnetic survey technology is based on comparison of pipe and
Earth’s magnetic fields.
3. The shape and degree of magnetic filed distortion enable identifying
type and severity of damage.
MAGNETIC SURVEY FUNDAMENTAL
 TYPE OF MAGNETOMETER

a. EDS-01 : Proton Magnetometer

b.EDS-02 : Overhauser Magnetometer
c. Triton : Flux Gate Magnetometer
d.R3, R4 : Flux Gate Magnetometer
e. Maritime-01 : Underwater Fluxgate Magnetometer
f. J-01 : Underwater Proton Magnetometer
 MAGNETOMETER SYSTEM

DISPLAY & MACHINE

BATTERY

MAGNETOMETER
 UNDERWATER SYSTEM

UMBILLICAL

MAGNETOMETER
ROV

ARM
CAMERA
 UAV SYSTEM

GPS

TRANSMITTER
MAGNETOMETER
PIPELINE REQUIREMENTS

1. Material type: ferromagnetic

2. Pipeline operation diameter: from 50 mm to 1200 mm
3. Minimum operating pressure: is at least 0.5 Mpa
4. Age of the pipeline: at least 1 year
• In the case of operating pressure below 0.5 MPa, it is necessary to raise the pressure to the minimum
required level not less than 48 hours and not reduce it until the end of the work;
• In case of periodic operation of the pipeline, the period of inactivity should not exceed 2 (two) days)
5. Information on high-frequency energy sources
6. Information on ferromagnetic materials above the track and on both sides of the pipeline route
MAGNETOGRAM
SAMPLE REPORT
 SAMPLE REPORT
Information GPS information Register of anomalies information
Joint No. Log dist. (m) Length width depth height SDS Metal Loss M index (danger Safe Operation MAOP Stress Value in Anomaly
Description Method latitude longitude Predicted defect Group
Number Anomaly KP, m (mm) (mm) ( % ) ( mm ) (m) Cond. Cond. degree) Year ( Psi ) (MPa)
ILI MFL 38870 8 15 3 -
Anomaly
1 Non Contact Survey 2 S 07°16'58.5" E 112°42'26.0" 2000 - - - - - 3 10 Metal Loss 10,9 48,3
ILI MFL 38881,4 S 07° 16' 58.44" E 112° 42' 25.90" - - - - 44,04 - - - - - - -
33930 Weld
2 Non Contact Survey 10 S 07°16'58.9" E 112°42'25.9" 2000 - - - - - 3 8 Welding Defect - - 21,7
ILI MFL - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Anomaly
3 Non Contact Survey 15 S 07°16'58.5" E 112°42'26.0" 2000 - - - - 3 3 11 Metal Loss - - 24,1
ILI MFL - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Anomaly
4 Non Contact Survey 17 S 07°16'58.3" E 112°42'26.0" 2000 - - - - - 3 9 Metal Loss - - 24,1
ILI MFL 38893,4 S 07° 16' 58.06" E 112° 42' 25.99" - - - - 44,21 - - - - - - -
33940 Weld
5 Non Contact Survey 20 S 07°16'58.5" E 112°42'26.0" 2000 - - - - 3 - 9 Welding Defect - - 24,1
ILI MFL 38896,22 S 07° 16' 57.97" E 112° 42' 26.01" 8 15 3
Anomaly
Non Contact Survey
ILI MFL 38896,88 S 07° 16' 57.95" E 112° 42' 26.01" 8 15 3 - - - - - - - - -
Anomaly
Non Contact Survey
 Time Schedule
Month
No Name of Activity
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 Preminilary Investigation            
2 Pipeline tracking/mapping            
3 Remote Contact Magnetomatric Inspection            
4 Analisys data            
 
5 Reporting          
 
6 Presentation & Workshop            

Month Month
One Three

Month
Two
SAMPLE CASE
Magnetogram
Geo electric
 SAMPLE CASE
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