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TFN Ses 5 and 6 - Chap 12-15
TFN Ses 5 and 6 - Chap 12-15
NURSING
CONCEPTUAL
MODELS
CONCEPTUAL MODELS
THE
CONSERVATION
MODEL
❑“Nursing is a human
interaction that promotes
adaptation and maintains
wholeness either by acting in
the therapeutic sense or by
providing supportive care in
order to influence adaptation
favourably, or toward
renewed social wellbeing.”
❑ Myra Levine’s Conservation Model is focused
on the preservation of the individual’s
wholeness or totality.
❑Internal environment is
composed of the physiologic and
pathophysiologic domains of the
person.
❑ External environment has three levels:
1.Perceptual levels
⮚ Includes all aspects of the world
wherein the person is able to intercept
and interpret with his sense organs.
2.Operational levels
⮚ Refers to things that physically affect
the individual but may not be perceived
by the individual himself.
❖ An example of these are microorganisms.
❖ We can get an infection because of a
microorganism but we cannot really perceive
what a microorganism really is.
3.Conceptual level
⮚The environment is the product
of cultural patterns,
characterized by spirituality, and
moderated by language, history,
and thought.
❑Organismic response refers to
the person’s ability to adapt to
his or her environment and is
made up of four levels of
integration.
1.Fight or flight – the most
primitive response. The person
either “fights” or “flies away”
from a perceived stressor in
order to ensure his own safety
and well-being.
2. Inflammatory response
⮚ A body defense mechanism that protects the
body tissue from insults in an unfriendly
environment.
3.Response to stress
Refers to the wear and tear of body tissues
that reflect the body’s continued response
and adaptation to stressful situations. It is
characterized by irreversibility . It
influences the way the patients respond to
nursing care.
4.Perceptual awareness
⮚ It occurs as the person experiences life and the
world around him.
• Trophicognosis - it is a scientific
method of reaching a nursing
care judgement.alternative
recommendation of Levine to
Nursing Diagnosis
• Major Assumptions
>"A holistic approach to care of all people,
well or sick".
> Decisions for nursing interventions must be
based on the unique behavior of the
individual patient...Patient centered nursing
care means individualized nursing care... and
requires a unique constellation of skills,
techniques, and ideas designed specifically
for the patient.
• Nursing
> is a human interaction.
>practice is based on nursing's unique
knowledge .
. Person
> described as a holistic being; wholeness is
integrity that the person has freedom of
choice and movement, with sense of identity
and self worth.
. Health
> socially determined by the ability to function
in a reasonably normal manner
• Theoretical Assertions
"Nursing intervention is based on
conservation of the individual patient's":
1. energy
2. structural integrity
3. personal integrity
4. social integrity
• Application to the Nursing Community
Conservation principles have been used as a
framework for numerous practice settings by
identifying the activities it encompasses and
giving the scientific principles behind them.
CHAPTER 13
MARTHA E. ROGERS
SCIENCE of
UNITARY BEINGS
SCIENCE OF
UNITARY HUMAN
BEINGS
“Nursing is an art and science that
seeks to promote symphonic
interaction between the environment
and man, to strengthen the coherence
and integrity of the human beings, and
to direct and redirect patterns of
interaction between man and his
environment for the realization of
maximum health potential.”
❑ Martha Roger’s Science of Unitary Human
Beings provides a radical vision of nursing
reality.
4.Characterized by the
capacity for abstraction and
imagery, language and
thought, sensation, and
emotion.
SESSION 6 - CHAPTER 14
DOROTHEA OREM
IMOGENE M. KING