NAME: Tanica Ngangbam

ROLL NO.:0820027
COURSE: BA(Hons.) Sociology
SUBJECT:GE Political science
Analyses the principles and objectives of
United Nations.
The United Nations is an international organization or agency called
into being by states ,sustained by states and directed by states.An international
organization assumes the continuity of the multi states system and seeks only
to provide an effective means of reconciling the conflicts that emerge from it.
The UN is not any respect a superstate ,able to act outside the framework
of decisions made by its members. The United Nations can be defined as a
state-serving,state-restraining and state protecting organisation .
The United Nations came into existence in 24th October ,1945which
consisted of 51 countries as founding members .The number of the country has
now increase to 193 countries.
 It is a voluntary organization based on equality of all their member states.Decision
–making was based on the principle of majoritarianism where all members had
equality of voting rights.
Two major motivations of international institutions building were –the need to
promote coordinated responses by states to the problems of peaceful interaction in
an era of growing economic ,social and technical interdependence and the
corresponding need for containing and moderating conflict in the political and military
spheres.
Cause of the Failure of the League:The League of Nations was founded in 1919.
From the very beginning the League lacked the cooperation of some of the major
powers.For example: Germany joined in 1926 but withdrew in 1933,Italy withdrew in
1937,The Soviet Unionjoined in 1934 and was thrown out in 1939 also Japan left .
The failure to obtain universality of membership and the unwillingness of some
states to renounce war as a means of policy came in conflict with the fundamental
principles of the League.
 Birth of the United Nations :
The United Nations history starts with the declaration made by President
Roosevelt on January 6,1941,to the Congress of the United States.The four
freedoms declared as being of universal importance were-freedom of speech
and expression;freedom of every person to worship God in his own
way ;freedom from want ;and freedom from fear.
Objective and Principles of the United Nations:
The purposes of the UN are indicated in its Preamble and are laid down in
clearer terms in Article 1 of the Charter.The Preamble shows that the Charter if
the UN is born of the experience of a devastating war and that it holds out hope
of a lasting peace.
The purposes of the UN as laid down in Article 1 of the Charter are –to
maintain international peace and security;ti develop friendly relations among
nations;to achieve international cooperation in solving international problems of
an economic, social,cultural,or humanitarian charter;to be a center for
harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of this common ends.
 The United Natins consist of six organs- The Security Council , the General
Assembly,the Economic and Social Council ,the International Court of Justice ,the Secretariat
and the Trusteeship Council.
The Security Council has the authority to make binding decisions ,it can paralyzed at
any movement by any of the permanent members through the applications of the veto .The
Security Council has 15 members , 5 permanent members and 10 non –permanent members.
In pursuit of the purposes stated in Article 1 of the Charter ,Article 2 prescribes
certain principles which may be dArticled as the basic rules of international ethics in
accordance with which the organisation and its members shall act.These principles are- the
organisation is best on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its members; all members
shall fulfill in good faith their obligations as said forth in the Charter; the members shall settle
their disputes by peaceful means ; all members shall refrain in their international relation
from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of
any state or in any other manner ,inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations; all
members shall assist the United Nations in any action it takes in accordance with the
Charter ; the organisation shall see to it non –members also act in accordance with the
principles of the Charter; and the United Nations shall not intervene in matters which are
essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state.
 Thus ,it is clear that the United Nations is an international
organization whose main objective is to maintain peace and harmony
around the world.It can be concluded that this main objective is being
maintain by the UN for several years with the help of its
principles ,ideas and its members.