SUBJECT-CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING

& MANAGEMENT

LECTURE-2 (12-05-2021)

GUIDED BY
ANIL KUMAR CHHOTU
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
EMAIL ID-akc.jucivil@gmail.com
Mobile No-7667052676,9631060916
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INDIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Factors in favour of Indian construction Factors against the Indian construction
industry industry

Availability of cheap labour Low productivity

Availability of qualified professionals Low ratio of skilled to unskilled workers

Large number of construction companies High cost of finance

Actual shortage of housing Complicated tax structure

Boost from the government Presence of small contractors who lack

financial and technology back up

Growth in industrial sector Negligible investment in R&D

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Investment Opportunities in Construction in India

 Construction development in residential, retail,

commercial and hospitality sectors
 Technology and solutions for smart sustainable cities
 Technology for the promotion of low cost housing
 Green building solutions
 Smart cities
 Sustainable and environmental friendly building
materials
 Training and Skill development of construction sector
workers
 Urban water supply, Sewage, Sewage treatment ,Solid
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waste management
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

•Project Management is the art and science of

mobilizing and managing people,materials,equipment
and money to complete the assigned project work on
time, with in budgeted costs and specified technical
performance standards.
•Construction Management may be defined as the
management in which group of people of different
categories works together, to execute the project
economically without affecting the quality in a well
planned and organized manner.
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Scope of Construction Management

 Planning and estimating

 Execution of works
 Financial management
 Material management
 Equipment management
 Labour management
 Site layout
 Equipment's and Materials plant location
 Labour relationships
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 Industrial psychology for smooth flow of work

Objectives of Construction Management

 Completing the work within estimated budget.

 Completing the work within specified time.
 The Quality and workmanship should be better.
 The work should be executed as per specification.
 Providing safe and satisfactory working conditions for all
personnel and workers.
 Taking sound decisions at the lowest practical management
level through delegation of authority.
 Motivating people to give their best with in their capacities.
 Creating an organization that works as a team.
 Achieving economy in the construction. 6
 IMPORTANCE OF CONSTRUCTION AND
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Construction is an important part of real estate and infrastructure such as:

Real estate Roads

Residential Railways
Industrial Urban infrastructure
Corporate Ports
Commercial Airports
Infrastructure Power

 The importance of construction can be gauged from the fact that cost of construction of certain
infrastructure projects may be as high as 60 to 80% of the total project cost
 Construction is recognized as the basic input for socio-economic development of a country.
 Since construction industry is dependent on a number of industries, its growth in other industries
as well.
 Development of building materials industry
 Development of construction equipment's industry
 Need of Construction Management
 Co-ordination between different agencies
 Economy in Construction
 Development of management and machinery
 Speed of Construction
 Quality Control of materials and workmanship
 Functions of Construction Management
 Planning and Scheduling
 Organising
 Staffing
 Directing
 Controlling
 Co-ordinating
 Communication
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Planning
 Planning involves formulation of a number of alternative of
realistic work plans for achieving specified objectives and
finally selecting a plan which is best suited from the stand point
of available resources and constraints imposed upon the project.
 Planning is the administrative process which translates the
policy into a method of achieving the objectives.
 How a project will be carried out?
 What materials will be used?
 What equipment and machineries will be utilized?
 What men and staff will be employed?
 What to do?’ and ‘How to do?’
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Scheduling
 Scheduling is the fitting of the final work plan to a time
scale. It shows the duration and order of various construction
activities.
When to do?’
 Time plan
 Resources plan
 Plan for controlling project
 Schedule of design and drawing preparation
 Work quantities
 Progress of work planned
 Resource allocations
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 Budget costs
 Organizing
 Organizing is concerned with division of the total
construction work into manageable sections and
systematically arranging various operations by delegating
specific tasks to individuals.

Staffing
Organizing involve the division of the project work into
sections and staffing is the provision of people to fill the
positions so created.
•Staffing functions
 Recruiting the right people,
 Arranging staff training courses,
 Carrying out proper staff assessment 11
 Directing
 The directing function is concerned with training sub-ordinates to
carryout assigned tasks, supervising their work and guiding their efforts.
 The essence of directing lies in the ability to motivate people
individually and as groups to utilize their creative efforts in achieving
specified objectives.

Controlling
• Controlling is necessary for ensuring effective and efficient
working.
•It involves a constant review of the work plan to check on
actual achievements and to discover and rectify deviations
through appropriate corrective measures.
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 Construction Project Categories
 Building construction
Residential buildings
Commercial buildings
Educational buildings
 •Infrastructure construction
Highways and expressways
Dams and canals
Airports
Railways
Nuclear and thermal power plants
Recreational buildings
Hospitals and hotels
Ware house and marketing facilities
Bridges
Oil/gas pipelines
Large water supply and sewerage networks
Docks and harbors
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 Industrial construction

 Construction of steel plants

 Petroleum refineries
 Chemical and Fertilizer plants
 Consumer goods factories
 Automobile and aircraft industry

Special–purpose projects
 Environmental works
 Emergencies
 Remedial works
 Installation and commissioning of equipment

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 Classification of projects based on
completion time
 Large duration projects (over10 years)
 Medium duration projects (3 to10 years)
 Short duration projects (few months to 3 years)
 Special short term projects (less than 1 year)

Classification of projects based on project value

 Mega value projects (say over $1000 million)
 Large value projects ($100 million to $1000 million)
 Medium value projects ($10 million to$100 million)
 Small value projects (less than $10 million)
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 Classification of projects based on plant and
equipment
Light Construction Heavy Construction
Residential buildings Dams,barrages,tunnels
Educational buildings Highways,railways,airports
Recreational buildings Harbors
Commercial buildings Multispan bridges with well/pile
foundations
Schools, hotels
Small bridges, water tanks
Shopping centers

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Resources for Construction Industry
Stake holders of a
 Man power–Man power in the form of Construction Project
technical and managerial personnel and (Construction Team)
work force in various trades is essential to  Owner
carry out project activities.  Engineers/Architects
 Contractors
 Money–Adequate funds should be
available for smooth implementation of the
project.
 Materials:Bricks,steel,stones,timber,aggreg
ate,scaffolding,cement,water supply and
sanitary fittings,lime,petrol,oil,lubricants
 Machinery: Batching and mixing plants,
Mixers, crushers,
Trucks,dumpers,tractors,Rollers,Powers,Cr
anes,excavators,hoist,Pumps,generators 17
 Owner Responsibilities of the owner
 Owner–The owner in a building  The owner should respect the conditions of
or engineering project may be an contract concerning his powers and duties.
individual, group of individuals,  The owner should provide necessary work
private or public undertaking. front to the contractors so that work is not
delayed.
 Responsibilities of the owner  The owner should make necessary
 The owner is supposed to provide arrangement for the funds required for the
necessary site on which the construction of the work so that regular
proposed work is to be payments shall be made to the contractor.
constructed.  It is desirable that the owner should pass all
 The owner should appoint an the instructions to the contractor through his
engineer, to look after the engineer.
technical requirements of the  The owner should supply materials and
work. issue machinery, if it is a part of the
 The owner should supply contract.
necessary plans and working  To take over possession of the completed
drawings through his architect to work timely from the contractor
the contractor in time so that the  The owner should not suspend the work
work is not unnecessarily delayed. temporarily unless it appears
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to be in his
interest to do so.
 Engineers and architects
 This includes structural,  To see that machinery likely to be used
mechanical and electrical on works are properly maintenance and
engineers,architects,quantity safely house.
surveyors, specialists such as  It is his duty to invite tenders for works
structural consultants, safety valued with in his power, after obtaining
and maintenance planners, soil administrative and technical sanction
investigators etc.  The engineer is responsible for giving all
lines and levels required in connection
Responsibility of engineer with the work.
 •To organize and supervise the  •To keep tools and plants in working
execution of work and to see that they conditions and arrange to protect surplus
are suitably and economically carried stock from deterioration.
out with specified quality of materials.
 •To prevent encroachment on
 It is the duty of the executive engineer
government lands under his division.
to prepare estimate of proposed works
 •The engineer is responsible for the acts
through his sub ordinates and submit
the same to his superintending of his assistants or other agencies
engineer. employed by him.
 •The engineer is responsible for  •It is also the duty of the engineer to
explaining the plans and provisions of assist the court of law
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the specifications. during the hearing of the dispute
Contractor
The contractor may be an individual under taking small or
big need the services of qualified engineers.
Responsibilities of the contractor
The contractor is responsible to provide all the
materials,labour,equipments,etc.required under the
provisions of the contract for the execution of the
work.
The contractor should carryout the work as per plans
and specifications and as per directions given by the
engineer.
The contractor should inform the supervising
engineer be fore taking up any new item and before
covering up of any work.
The contractor should appoint a qualified person on
site of the work to whom instructions and directions
can be imparted.
The contractor is responsible for any damage to the
persons or adjoining properties during execution of
the work.
The contractor should submit the bills of work as and
when required
The contractor should submit his claims for extra
items in due time.
 The contractor is responsible to
respect all the prevailing labour laws
and should make regular payments to
his laborers as well as to the sub
contractors.
 The contractor should give all the
required assistance to the engineer
for establishing the lines and levels
of the work.
 The contractor is responsible for
arranging for the permit of the
controlled materials and for paying
fees and royalties for the use of
patented articls.\
 The contractor is responsible for the
safety of all the labourers and
personnel working at the site and
should provide safety shoes, helmet
setc.to the workmen.
 To hand over the completed work in a
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sound condition
THANK YOU

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