PROGRAMMES RELATED TO

CHILD HEALTH AND WELFARE

NATIONAL PROGRAMMES RELATED
TO CHILD HEALTH
NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY,2001


UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME



CHILD SURVIVAL AND SAFE MOTHERHOOD


PROGRAMME

REPRODUCTIVE AND CHILD HEALTH PROGRAMME



THE DIARRHEAL DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME



NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMME


INTEGRATED CHILD PROTECTION SCHEME


NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY,2001

GOALS
Eradication of polio by2005
Reduce IMR to 30/1000 by 2010
Reduce MMR to 100/1 lakh by2010
NATIONAL HEALTH
POLICY,2017
GOALS

a. Reduce Under Five Mortality to 23 by 2025 and MMR from current levels
to 100 by 2020.

 b. Reduce infant mortality rate to 28 by 2019.

 c. Reduce neo-natal mortality to 16 and still birth rate to “single digit” by

2025.
To reduce premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes
or chronic respiratory diseases by 25% by 2025.
More than 90% of the newborn are fully immunized by one year of age by
2025.
Reduction of 40% in prevalence of stunting of under-five children by 2025.
 UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME
 Started in 1978 as expanded programme on immunization(EPI)
with the objective of increasing immunization coverage in
Children below 2 yrs of age with 3 doses of DPT and one
dose of BCG vaccine
Pregnant women with 2 doses of TT

 Oral polio vaccine added to the program in 1979

 In 1985 it was renamed as universalimmunization programme

UIP

 Measles vaccine added in 1985

CHILD SURVIVAL AND SAFE MOTHERHOOD PROGRAMME

OBJECTIVES
1. To reduce infant mortality below 60/1000 live birth
and childhood mortality below 10/1000 population

2. To reduce maternal mortality below 2/100 live birth

The strategies for attainment
of these objectives are
Child survival intervention
Essential newborn care
Immunization
Management of diarrhea
Management of ARI
Vitamin A prophylaxis
Safe motherhood intervention

Immunization of pregnant women

Prevention and treatment of anaemia
Antenatal care
Delivery by trained personnel
Promotion of institutional delivery
Management of obsteteric emergencies
Birth spacing
STRATEGIES

Establishment of FRU to provide emergency obsteteric services

and emergency services for newborns,infants and children.

Training of traditional birth attendants and providing them

disposible delivery kit

Subcenters were equipped with drugs and equipment necessary for

handling maternal and child health conditions

Training health personnel in essential obstetric and newborn care

Emphasis on IEc to create awareness

REPRODUCTIVE AND CHILD HEALTH PROGRAMME

FAMILY
WELFAR CSSM
E

RCH IN 1997
COMPONENTS

PREVENTION FAMILY
/MANAGEME
PLANNING
NT OF
RTI/STD/AIDS

CLIENT
APPROACH
CSSM
TO HEALTH
CARE
RCH PROGRAMME INTERVENTIONS
CHILD HEALTH INTERVENTIONS

 Essential newborn care

 Exclusive breastfeeding and weaning
 Immunization
Appropriate management of ARI
oral rehydration therapy for control of diarrhea
Prevention and control of vitamin A deficiency
in children
MATERNAL HEALTH INTERVENTIONS

 Essential obsteteric care

 Tetanus Toxoid immunization
 Referral transport
 Medical termination of pregnancy
 24 hr delivery services at PHCs/CHCs
 Prevention and treatment of anemia
 Prevention ,management and control of reproductive tract
infection
 Antenatal care and early identification of maternal
complications.
 Delivery by trained personnel
 Promotion of institutional deliveries
RCH phase 1 intervention at district level
Child survival interventions,ie immunization,vitamin A
prophylaxis,oral rehydration therapyand prevention of
deaths due to pneumonia

Safe motherhood intervention,antenatal check

up,immunisation for tetanus,safe delivery and anemia
control

Implementation of target free approach is changed to

community need assessment approach
High quality training at all levels
IEC activities
Special RCH package for urban slums and tribal areas
RTI/STD clinics at district hospitals.
Facility for safe abortions at PHCs
Enhanced community participation through
panchayats,NGOs andWOMENS GROUP
Adolescent health and reproductive hygiene
RCH PHASE II
STRATEGIES
i.Essential obstetric care
Institutional delivery
Skilled attender

ii.Emergency obstetric care

Operationalizing first referral units
Operationalizing PHCs and CHCs for round the clock deliveries

iii.Strengthening referral system

More flexibility has been given to states for planning their own
interventions to achieve desired goals
THE DIARRHEAL DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME

Launched in 1978

GOALS
Reduce diarrheal mortality in children
less than 5 yrs by 70% by 2000
Improvement in water and sanitation
facilities
STRATEGIES
 Improved case management which includes early use of
oral rehydration therapy in acute diarrhea and appropriate
feeding during illness and recovery

Improved maternal and child health care with emphasis on

breast feeding,weaning,personal and domestic hygeine and
maternal nutrition

Improved use and maintenance of drinking water and

sanitation facilities and improved food hygiene

Detection and control of diarrhea epidemics

 NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMMES
Vitamin A prophylaxis
Prophylaxis against nutritional anemia
Iodine deficiency disorder control programme
Special nutrition programme
Balawadi nutrition programme
ICDS programme
Mid day meal programme
The Applied Nutrition Programme (ANP)
Wheat based nutrition programme
 Vitamin A prophylaxis
Launched by Ministry of health and family welfare

Beneficiaries

Children below 5 years of age.

Administration of single massive dose of Vitamine A containing 2
lakh IU ORALLY to all children under 5 yrs of age,every 6
month

Objectives
1. Prevention of blindness due to Vitamin ‘A’ deficiency.
2. Supplementation of Vitamin ‘A’ to all the children below 5
years of age.
 Prophylaxis against nutritional anemia

Developed by Government of India during 4th 5 year

plan

Beneficiaries

Pregnant women and young children(1-12 years

Distribution of iron and folic acidtablets
Iodine deficiency disorder control programme

Deficiency of Iodine can cause physical and mental

retardation, cretinism, abortions, stillbirth, deaf
mutism, squint & various types of goiter.

 It is estimated that more than 71 million persons are

suffering from goitre and other Iodine Deficiency
Disorders.
OBJECTIVE
Decrease IDD prevelence to less than 5% in school children
between 6-12 years of age

A100% centrally assisted programme with a focus on the provision

of Iodated salt, IDD survey/ resurvey, laboratory monitoring of
Iodated salt and Urinary Iodine excretion, health education and
publicity.

The programme was initially called as "Goitre Control Programme"

and was renamed by Govt. of India in 1992 as NIDDCP.
ACTIVITIES
 Surveillance of Goitre cases
 Supply of iodized salt in place of common salt.
 Monitoring through analysis of salt and urine samples.
Assessment of impact of control measures over a period
of time
Special nutrition programme
The programme was launched in the
country in 1970-71 to improve the
nutritional status of specific target groups.

 It provides supplementary feeding of about

300 calories and 10 grams of protein to
preschool children and about 500 calories
and 25 grams of protein to expect at and
nursing mothers for six days a week.
Objectives

Improve the nutritional status of specific target groups.

 Provides supplementary nutrition and health care
services.
Supply of Vitamin ‘A’ solution, iron and folic acid
tablets.

Beneficiaries
 Children under 6 years and
Pregnant and lactating mothers.
Balawadi nutrition programme

 Balwadi Nutrition Program (India) was introduced in 1970

to provide nutritional support to children.

 It is under the control of the Department of Social

Welfare.

 The program is implemented through Balwadis – they

provide education and nutritional support

 Food supplement provides 300kcal and 10g proteins.

 Balwadi nutrition program is being phased out in favour of

the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
Objectives
 Supply about one-third of the
calorie and half of the protein
requirements of pre-school children
between the age of 3-5 years
 Improve the nutritional status.
Beneficiaries
Children of 3-6 years of age in rural
areas
ICDS programme

Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) scheme

was launched on 2nd October, 1975 .
Now the goal is to universalisation of ICDS
throughout the country.
Beneficiaries
1.Children below 6 years
2. Pregnant and lactating women
3. Women in the age group of 15-44 years
4. Adolescent girls in selected blocks
Objectives
 Improve the nutrition and health status of
children in the age group of 0-6 years;
Lay the foundation for proper psychological,
physical and social development of the child;
 Effective coordination and implementation of
policy among the various departments; and
 Enhance the capability of the mother to look
after the normal health and nutrition needs
through proper nutrition and health education.
The Package of services provided by ICDS are:

Supplementary nutrition, Vit-A, Iron and Folic Acid,

 Immunisation,
Health check-ups,
 Referral services,
 Treatment of minor illnesses,
Nutrition and health education to women,
 Pre-school education of children in the age group of
3-6 years, and
Convergence of other supportive services like water
supply, sanitation, etc.
Mid day meal programme

The Midday Meal Scheme is the popular name for school

meal programme in India which started in the 1960s.
It involves provision of lunch free of cost to school-children
on all working days.
Objectives
 Protecting children from classroom hunger,
 Increasing school enrolment and attendance,
 Strengthening child nutrition and literacy
 Improved socialisation among children belonging to all castes,
 Addressing malnutrition, and
 Social empowerment through provision of employment to
women.
Beneficiaries

 Children attending the primary school.

Children belonging to backward classes, scheduled caste,
and scheduled tribe families are given priority.

The Scheme covers students (Class I-V) in the

Government Primary Schools / Primary Schools aided
by Govt. and the Primary Schools run by local bodies.
Food grains (wheat and rice) are supplied free of cost
@ 100 gram per child per school day where
cooked/processed hot meal is being served with a
Minimum content of 300 calories and 8-12 gms of
protein each day of school for a minimum of 200 days
3 kgs per student per month for 9-11 months in a year,
where food grains are distributed in raw form.
 In drought affected areas the mid day meal is
distributed in summer vacations also.
The Applied Nutrition Programme (ANP)
The Applied Nutrition Programme (ANP) was
introduced as a pilot scheme in Orissa in 1963 which
later on extended to Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh.
 Objectives
1) Promoting production of protective food such as
vegetables and fruits.
 2) Make people conscious of their nutritional needs and
3) Provide supplementary nutrition to children aged
between 3-6 years and to pregnant and lactating mothers.
Beneficiaries
 Children between 2-6 years and
Pregnant and lactating mothers.
Wheat based nutrition programme
Wheat based nutrition programme is a
centrally sponsored programme was
introduced in 1986 but now transferred to
the State Sector.
 This programme follows the norms of SNP
or of the nutrition component of the ICDS
 This Scheme is implemented by the
Ministry of Women & Child Development.
Objectives
 Supply of free wheat and other ingredients
 Providing nutritious and energy food for disadvantaged
sections
 Improving the nutritional status.

Beneficiaries
 Children below 6years of age (pre school age)
 Expectant and lactating mothers.