Project and Project Generation

Presented by:

Dr. Md. Lutfor Rahman

Professor
Dept. of Public Administration
Islamic University,Kushtia
Cell Phone: 01712748316
Email: lutfor_pa@yahoo.com

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 Planning
• Planning can be described as a well
defined course of future action.

• Planning is an attempt to shape the future.

• You decide where you want to go
• How to get there
• How much resource you need to get there

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 Planning
• Planning is the process consciously
developing a sequence of future actions to
achieve specified goals

• Process
• Consciously
• Sequence of future action
• Specified goals
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 What is Economic Planning?
• A deliberate conscious effort at attaining certain pre-set goals with
the use of limited resources over a period of time for a particular
geographic area.

• Deliberate direction and control of the economy for the purpose of

attaining certain targets and objectives within a specific period of
time.

• An exercise to make best use of resources available to attain

maximum possible development.

• - A conscious effort
• - Attaining certain pre-set goals or maximum possible development
• - Making best use of resources available
• -Within a specific period of time.

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 Functional Classification of Planning

Macro Economic Planning/National Planning

Sectoral Planning/Programmes

Micro Economic Planning/Project Planning

Sound Development Plans require good Projects just as projects

require sound planning

Plans and Projects are interdependent

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 Project Generation
1. Identify Problem
2. Find out Causes
3. Analysis of Causes
4. Objective determine on the basis of
resources
5. Setting Targets
6. Strategy/Strategies

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 Identify Problem
• Poverty:
1. Food Deficit
2. High population growth rate
3. Lack of employment opportunities
4. Un equitable distribution of wealth

Food Deficit: High Population Growth Rate:

1. Low Productivity 1. Illiteracy
2. Lack of irrigation facility 2. Old age security
3. Lack of mechanized cultivation 3. High birth rate of child
4. Lack of storage facility 4.Early marriage
5. Lack of marketing facility 5.Religious ground
6. Lack of flood control

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 SWOT Analysis
• The technique of SWOT analysis is extremely valuable to an
organization when in the process of planning as a strategy for
achieving its goals.

• Information is provided on the internal strengths and

weakness of the organization in relation to the external
opportunities and threats it faces.

• This approach to external & internal environmental

assessments will set the scene for identifying strategic issues
facing the organization and eventual development of
appropriate strategies.

• SWOT analysis is an effective assessment of internal

strengths and weakness of the organization in relation to the
external opportunities and threats, therefore, will equip the
organization to respond appropriately. 8
 SWOT Analysis
Internal
STRENGTHS
* High qualified skilled manpower
* Efficient Management
* GOB financial support
* Physical infrastructure
WEAKNESSES
* Political Instability
* Frequent Change of Govt.
* Corruption
* Lack of Honesty and Sincerity
External
OPPORTUNITIES
* External Donor Fund
* Technological Support
* Foreign Training
* Aid/Grant
THREATS
* Lack of donor’s commitment
* Foreign consultant
* Imported Machineries/equipments
* Pressure of Development Partners9
 Setting Targets
• Once the objectives are set. Next step is to express
them in quantifiable term in target form.

• It should be Specific, Measurable, Appropriate,

Realistic and Time bound (SMART) basis.
• Setting targets and the establishment of action plans
which details the questions/answers to what, How, when,
where and who.
• Testing for consistency of objectives, targets, and action
plan within given resources, values & environmental
realities.
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Strategy/Strategies (Policies)
• What are the steps you have to undertake
to achieve targets and objectives.

• A good strategy is that combination of

consistent and realistic policies,
objectives, programmes and resources
that will enable management to get the
best possible result by optimizing their
capabilities and opportunities.
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 Selection of a Project
• Justify the project which will satisfy or
solve more than one problems.

• Then it is very important to select or

identify the most potential project which
will satisfy or solve more than one
problems

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 Who are involved to formulate Project?

• There are four parties involved to

formulate a project.

1. Executive Agency
2. Funding Agency
3. Benefited Group
4. Implementing Agency

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Definition of a Project
• A project is a set of interrelated investment
activities to attain certain specific
objectives by utilizing limited resources
within a particular period of time.

- Interrelated investment activities

- Specific objectives
- Limited resources
- A particular period of time.
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