ANALYTICS TO SOLVE SOCIAL PROBLEMS

BY:

Rachel Roshani
Prakrishtha
Roopthika
Yuktha Sree
PRESENTED BY

PRESENTED BY:
RACHEL, PRAKRISHTHA, ROOPTHIKA, YUKTHASREE, SUDHARSHAN
 ‘Helping Pregnant Women’ Use Case:
India has high maternal mortality rate either due to delayed admission/treatment of pregnant mothers or
improper pre-natal care. Real time, data- driven model is seemingly a way out of social morass.
Data Analytics can be harnessed to create pre-natal health care and child birth models to reduce maternal
mortality rates. An instance here is a company that is engaged in developing
Solutions for pregnant women to get them to the hospital when the labour
Pains sets in.
This solution aims to predict the correct time of admission of pregnant women
To the hospitals. For this, they used custom-made patches that the pregnant
Women wrote on their stomach to monitor heart rate of the babies and other
Vitals. This data is passed on to a medical professional at nearest hospital
Addressing Child Mortality Rate:

This model obtains data through the patch and transfers to the central database where data
analytics is done. The appropriate insights are shared with the pregnant women as well as
doctors for effective monitoring.
Another social instance is the Tamil Nadu government’s initiative to invite data scientists for
analyzing child mortality data and designing solutions to solve it on a war footing. Work on this
project has been happening, but much depends on the government’s willingness and mechanism
of sharing quality data. These are primary concerns when algorithms are being built. If not
analyzed properly, the predictions and hence the models can be flawed.

Responsible data analytics has immense power to solve the problems of humankind and our
planet. How and why we use it will determine whether it’s our boon or bane.
Solving Agriculture Problems with Analytics:
A large part of the Indian economy depends on agriculture. This sector has a major contribution to the
economic growth of the country. 
 
Indian agriculture experiences severe and drastic climatic conditions like depletion of ground-level water in
rural areas, climate change, the emigration of farmhands from rural areas to urban areas in search of
employment, urbanization, etc. 

So, agriculture needs a lot of attention to focus on better investment and growth.
 
An analyst can assure the availability of crops on time, crop production, quality and quantity of seeds, the
effect of climate change, monsoon changes, rainwater storage, crop loss, fertilizer requirements, wind direction,
floods, and draughts risk management, etc. can be controlled by predictions of business analysts. 
 
For example, predictions on soil parameters can be analyzed by previous data and implemented on crop yield.
Agriculture Business Analysis:
Let’s look at some of the ways in which AI & Data Analytics
can play crucial role in tackling farmer’s problems.

1. Data Driven Farm Management:

AI & other emerging technologies can automate some farm activities enabling cost reductions
& improved decision making. Not only do they eliminate the need for superfluous
agronomists & advisors, it greatly helps farmers run critical farm management practices.
However, emerging tech comes with a lot of promises when it comes to pruning in modern
agriculture. The sector arguably suffers from data issues at a very basic & granule level.

2. Integrating Image Based Insights:

Adoption of tools to track & collect data especially drone based images from farms for
lending support to critical decision making have accelerated precision agriculture. Tech
driven methods to monitor crops and scan fields have helped farmers in various ways
Tackling Financial challenges in Agriculture:

Better data will help agricultural players become more future ready. There are number of
other ways in which technology can be leveraged to ease the financial stress on farmers. As
per a report, IBM has been developing a unique solution driven by Artificial Intelligence to
tackle crop insurance & credit challenges. 

Although AI & Data Analytics have not yet been widely adopted in agriculture, especially in
India, it holds tremendous potentials to give farmers & their products a brand that can
command better prices
Analytical Solution to Road Accidents:
Notably, while India has about one percent of the world’s vehicle population, it also accounted for about six
percent of the global road traffic incidents. Almost 70 percent of the accidents involved young Indians.
Road accidents have been a major cause for concern across the Indian subcontinent. In 2019 alone, the
country reported over 151 thousand fatalities due to road accidents. 
In 2019, the Indian state with the highest number of road accidents was Tamil Nadu, with over 57 thousand
cases reported, followed by Madhya Pradesh, with over 51 thousand reported road accidents. T-junctions
had the maximum involvement among other junctions in road accidents. 
Where
Accidental death-374k
Traffic incident death-146k
Road accident death-158k
Analytical Solutions To Road Accidents:
Analytical Solution To Road Accidents:
Highest number of road accidents happen in national highways and 30% is shared by national
highway and 24% is shared by state highway

With over 4,770 accidents, potholes were one of the major accident causing factors in 2019.
Though the number of accidents due to potholes decreased, its share in the total causes of
accidents due to road features had increased. The number of deaths due to potholes
increased significantly in that year.

One solution is the application of mobile sensing: sensing and gathering the surface condition of
roads. We will fabricate a system and mention the required algorithms to sense the road
anomalies by making a portable sensor that can be equipped in any car or public transport. We
will call this system pothole detection system (PDS), it will use the mobility of the particular
vehicle on which the system will be fitted, and side by side gather data from the vibrations and
the GPS sensors, and further process and filter the data to monitor road surface condition
Analytical Solution To Road Accidents:
At first, we will deploy the PDS on our own vehicle and test it out in a particular
sector of Noida. Using the machine learning approach, and deepening systems
we were able to identify and classify the potholes and other road anomalies
from the accelerometer data.
From the continuous testing and gathering data on a particular stretch of road,
we were able to put an algorithm that will successfully detect a pothole with
4.3% chance of failure or if the pothole is too small to be detected. It was
further conducted a manual inspection of the reported potholes and found that
80% of the road anomalies reported are in need of serious repair
Village differences in energy consumption structure
Energy is the most basic material demand for the existence and development of human being.
Energy consumption is used as the criterion for measuring the level of economic and social
development for a certain region . Due to the energy crisis and other environmental, economic,
political, market, and social issues, researchers have sought to develop sustainable and
renewable energy sources to reduce energy consumption, protect the environment, and
promote regional development .Household energy consumption accounts for a substantial
proportion of the total energy consumption worldwide. In certain European and North American
and South American countries, household energy use accounts for approximately 30 % of total
energy consumption . In India, the rapid development of the economy and society in past
decades have resulted in an increasingly high energy demand, for which household energy
consumption has accounted for a significant proportion . It has been reported that residential
energy consumption was approximately 11 % of India’s total energy consumption in 2012 .
Description of study areaThe hilly region in the center of
bapujinagar includes broken terrains and ravines. It suffers from the
most serious soil erosion within the region; thus, its ecological
environment is fragile. In this area, crisscrossing gullies and sparse
vegetation on loose soil are mostly unprotected against heavy rain,
which leads to severe erosion and delivers soil and water into the
gullies. The most severe loss of water and soil is in the where the
annual average temperature is between 5.9 and 10.4 °C.
Precipitation is approximately 400 mm, and loose soil is easily
cultivated. When farmland is barren and dry and produces a low-
yield cultivation, land becomes the primary method of increasing
the food supply. When household energy is extremely scarce,
farmers use local materials such as large amounts of crop straw,
trees, and weeds for cooking and heating. This leads to a significant
challenge in deciding whether to utilize these materials for fuel,
feed, or fertilizer . The demand for food leads to reclaiming steep-
slope lands, and the demand for fuel damages vegetation. Due to an
increase in population and less land for families to cultivate, a low
level of agricultural production and subsequent farmer poverty are
common in low-income areas in India. Such a high demand places
great pressure on resources and the environment and seriously
restricts sustainable development for this region. Household energy
consumption is a process that involves key interaction between the
environment and the economy, as demonstrated in Fig. 1.
Since 1999, the nation has implemented Western Development Strategies. The goal of the strategy is to return the
region from farmland to forest and grassland in order to implement natural forest protection. The agriculture
ministry has implemented the Ecology Household Project (EHP) in this region since 2003. The EHP was founded
on the concept of renewable energy resources. The objective of EHP is to transform the agricultural production and
lifestyle of traditional rural households through the application of technologies and engineering that are carefully
matched to different types of households. In addition, farmers’ incomes have increased. Coal, electricity, and liquid
gas consumption have also increased, which has prompted an upgrade to the local energy structure . In poverty-
stricken areas with fragile environments, solving basic energy requirements is of practical significance. This
includes vegetation protection and expanding this protection incrementally . Effectively utilizing existing biomass
resources and improving energy use technology and energy efficiency are effective methods to solve certain local
ecological and economic problems.
Surveys
To quantitatively compare the differences among household energy consumption for different villages, it is
necessary to obtain reliable data and design an appropriate methods. For this survey, the study area was
divided into three different terrains including mountainous areas, semi-mountainous areas, and plains
areas. Hilly mountain villages were located in the mountains at high altitudes and experienced a significant
temperature fluctuation between day and night. The agricultural planting structure was used more often
than traditional agriculture. Production was not high, and there was extensive cultivation. These areas were
affected by a drought climate which resulted in unstable agricultural production. Furthermore, these
villages were located a great distance from town which made traffic inconvenient. Lastly, these villages had
a low economic level. Semi-mountainous areas were typically located on the mountainside, with an altitude
lower than that of the mountainous areas. Agricultural planting structures were used more often than
traditional agriculture, and farmers planted a small number of cash crops. Traffic was relatively
inconvenient because the villages were of a great distance away from towns. Plains area villages had the
best local economic conditions. The fluvial outwash land was fertile, and the areas had water security. The
agriculture industry gave priority to economic crops and planted fruit and vegetables primarily for
surrounding urban areas and other markets. In the plains areas, farmers were wealthier than those in the
other two areas. In June 2012, we conducted a pre-test survey to affirm the validity of the sample and
reconstructed the wording of our questions to ensure the questionnaire (Additional file 1) was clear and
user-friendly.
Data analytics in urban planning
Data analytics in urban planning
The role of data analytics in modern urban planning

•Data analytics helps urban planners build more efficient cities

Over the past decade, people have become very dependent on the Internet of Things (IoT) devices—smartphones and
other similar technologies have become a part of daily life.
This has given urban planners access to an ocean of data, which they can use to gain crucial insights into the usage of city
establishments, public transport, and urban living arrangements, allowing them to build better infrastructure.
In addition, urban planners can leverage predictive analytics and artificial intelligence to run simulations that give an
accurate representation of how proposed urban developments will affect the lives of millions of city dwellers.
For instance, by using predictive analytics, urban planners can create virtual models of transportation infrastructure and
simulate traffic conditions to gain insights into how the new system will affect traffic conditions across the city, allowing
them to design public transport systems that minimize traffic congestions and make travelling more convenient.
Data analytics in urban planning
•Improves communication between urban dwellers and developers
An age-old problem urban planner has faced is understanding the issues faced by city dwellers.
Fortunately, with the influx of new technology and IoT, urban planners can engage with the public more
effectively and use data analytics to get better insight into their needs and biggest issues.
Data analytics also allows urban planners to share their insights with city dwellers and encourage them to
participate in designing efficient cities by giving ideas on how to improve certain aspects of urban living,
like public transport and waste disposal.
•Improves resource management
The growth of a city or any urban area depends on how resources are managed.
Through big data analytics, urban planners can get accurate insights on how city resources are being used
and use these insights to allocate resources to areas where they are most needed.
Data analytics in urban planning
What data analytics holds for the future of urban planning

Today, many developers across the world are developing smart cities that can support the needs of millions of city dwellers while
delivering significantly better gains in many areas such as law enforcement and transportation.
In fact, data analytics has already helped urban planners to convert 280 cities into smart cities, and more may come in the coming
decade.
Leveraging data analytics is the best way forward for urban planning
With the boom in urban population, effective urban planning is key to ensuring urban areas are safe and sustainable. Leveraging the
capabilities of data analytics will be critical to the creation of effective city development plans.
If you’re looking to find new ways to leverage data analytics in urban planning, try out the Severity analytics desktops to optimize your
SAS experience. Get in touch with our team for more information.

Data analytics will also be a major driving force in the development of carbon-neutral urban environments in the future, as many
developed and developing countries are trialing plans to reduce the carbon footprint of cities.
THANK YOU