Look at these notices and signs.

Have
you seen any like these in your school?
This week’s film:
Books to be returned in
Prince of Persia
two weeks
Entrance free

You don’t have to pay to see this. You have to return the
books in two weeks.

You must turn off your You mustn’t eat or drink in here.
mobiles before you come in.
 Use “have to” to say that it is necessary to do something. It is an
obligation to do something. (for the present)

You have to return the books in two weeks.

Verb
infinitive

They have to come to class on time.

Verb
infinitive
 Use “don’t have to ” to say that it is NOT necessary to do something. It
is NOT an obligation to do something.

You don’t have to pay to see this film.

Verb
infinitive

She is not working tomorrow so she

doesn’t have to get up early.

Verb
infinitive
 QUESTIONS with “have to” in the Present tense.

No,
Yes,I don’t.
I do.
Do you have to go
now?

Verb
infinitive
 QUESTIONS with “have to” in the Present tense.

Because I don’t
Why do you want to listen to
you anymore.
have to go now?

Verb
infinitive
 Do not
contract have
THE USAGE OF “HAVE TO” or has!

Affirmative I / you / we / they have to work he / she / it has to stop

Negative I / you / we / they don’t have to he / she / it doesn’t have to
work stop
Question Do I / you / we / they have to Does he / she / it have to
work? stop?
Yes, I / you / we / they do. Yes, he / she / it does.
Short Answer No, I / you / we / they don’t. No, he / she / it doesn’t.

Question word do / does have to Verb infinitive

What do?
When do I / you / we /they have to start?
does he / she / it go?
Where
 Use “must” to say that it is necessary to do something.
It is an obligation to do something. (for the present)

You must turn off your mobiles before you come in.

Verb
infinitive

I must join the gym again – I’ve gained weight.

Verb
infinitive
 Use “must not (mustn’t)” to say that it is necessary NOT to do
something. It is the wrong thing to do.

You mustn’t eat or drink in here.

Verb
infinitive

Passengers must not cross

the yellow line.
Verb
infinitive
It is possible to use must to ask a question, but we often
prefer do/does ... have to ...?

Yes, DoI sign

Must I have toform?
the sign the
ma’am. form?
Verb
infinitive
 THE USAGE OF “MUST”

Subject Must Verb infinitive

Pronoun
I
Affirmative You
He / She / It must work.
We do...
They
I
You
Negative He / She / It must not smoke.
We mustn’t speak...
They
 Must and have to are quite similar. We can use them
interchangeably for affirmative sentences.

I must call him.

I have to call him.
 Mustn’t and don’t have to have completely different meanings.
Use mustn’t to say something is prohibited.
Use don’t have to to say something is not necessary.

You mustn’t drive when you drink.

It is prohibited.

You don’t have to eat everything on your

plate.
You can eat if you want, but it is not necessary.