INDIRECT SPEECH

Bir kişinin söylediği bir cümleyi veya ifadeyi

başkasına aktarmaya «Reported Speech»
yani dolaylı anlatım denilir.
 REPORTED SPEECH cümleleri kurabilmek için
«aktarma fiilleri» ne ihtiyacımız vardır.
EN YAYGIN KULLANILAN İKİ
AKTARMA FİİLİ «SAY» VE
«TELL»DİR.
I like sportsmen who are smart,
agile and also well-behaved

Atatürk says he likes sportsmen who are smart, agile and also
well-behaved.
 Birinin ağzından çıkan bir cümleyi aktarırken cümlenin
öznesini sözü söyleyen kişiye göre değiştirmemiz gerekir.

I lo
ve
11-
X

Fikret says he loves 11-X

 Reported Speech konusunda en çok dikkat edilecek konu birinin
önceden söylediği bir sözü aktarma fiillerini geçmiş zamanda
kullanarak aktarmaktır. Yani der, söyler yerine dedi, söyledi
şeklinde aktarma.

I lo
ve
11-
X Reported Speech yapısında en yaygın kullanım
aktarma fiillerini geçmiş zamanda kullanılan
şeklidir. Örnekte de gördüğünüz gibi, bu şekil bir
aktarmada özneyi değiştirdiğimiz gibi, aktarılan
cümlenin fiilini de 1 derece past şeklinde
kullanmamız gerekir

Fikret said he loved 11-X

 1 DERECE PAST DEDİĞİMİZ
DEĞİŞİKLİK MODAL VERBLER
İÇİN DE GEÇERLİDİR.
Direct sentence Reported sentence
will would
can could
Must-have to Had to
I can eat ten burgers

The boy said (that) he could eat ten

burgers.
 İFADELER AKTARILIRKEN
CÜMLEDEKİ ZAMAN
ZARFLARINDADA BAZI
DEĞİŞİKLİKLER GEREKİR.
Direct sentence Reported sentence
today That day
tonight That night
yesterday The day before-the previous night
Last week-month-year The previous week-month-year
three years ago Three years before
tomorrow The next day-the following day
now Then-immediately
 1 DERECE PAST DEDİĞİMİZ DEĞİŞİKLİK
HER ZAMANDA FARKLIDIR
Direct sentence Reported sentence
Simple present Simple past
I love chocolate Fikret said he loved chocolate
Present continuous Past continuous
We are working on a vaccination against The minister of health said (that) they were
corona. working on a vaccination against corona.

Present perfect Past perfect

I have cut my finger. Zeynep said that she had cut her finger.

Simple past Past perfect

I lost my ring. My wife said she had lost her ring.
Past continuous Past perfect continuous
I was sleeping. My friend said he had been sleeping.
 Direct Speech Reported Speech

“I work hard,” he said. He said (that) he worked hard.

“I am working hard,” he said. He said (that) he was working hard.

“I worked hard,” he said. He said (that) he (had) worked hard

“I have worked hard,” he said. He said (that) he had worked hard.

“I will work hard,” he said. He said (that) he would work hard.

“I have been working hard,” he said. He said (that) he had been working hard.

“I am going to work harder,” he said. He said (that) he was going to work harder.

“I can work harder,” he said. He said (that) he could work harder.

“I may work harder,” he said. He said (that) he might work harder.

“I must work harder,” he said. He said (that) he had to/must work harder.
“Work harder,” he said to him. He told him to work harder.
“Do you work hard?” he said to him. He asked him if he worked hard.
 “I work hard,” he said. V1  V2 He said that he worked hard.

“I worked hard,” he said. V2  V3 He said that he had worked hard.

“I am working hard,” he said. am,is,are  was,were He said that he was working hard.

“I have worked hard,” he said. have,has  had He said that he had worked hard.

“I can work harder,” he said. can  could He said that he could work harder.

“I will work hard,” he said. will  would He said that he would work hard.

“I must work harder,” he said. must  had to He said that he had to work harder.
MAKE REPORTED SPEECH SENTENCES
Ali: I like Sci-fi movies.
Ali said
that……………………………………………………………
Zeynep:I will bring my book tomorrow.
Zeynep said
that……………………………………………………………
Ebru:I watched a good horror movie yesterday.
Ebru said
that……………………………………………………………
…..
Ayşe and Zehra:We are at school now.
Ayşe and Zehra told
that…………………………………………...........
Hasan:I I must finish my homework before 10. CLICK HERE
FINISH
FOR ANSWERS
Hasan said
 MAKE REPORTED SPEECH SENTENCES
Ali: I like Sci-fi movies.
Ali said that he liked Sci-fi movies
Zeynep:I will bring my book tomorrow.
Zeynep said that she would bring her book the following day.
Ebru:I watched a good horror movie yesterday.
Ebru said that she had watched a good horror movie the day before.
Ayşe and Zehra:We are at school now.
Ayşe and Zehra told that they were at school then.
Hasan:I I must finish my homework before 10.
Hasan said that he had to finish his homework before 10.

THANK YOU. CLICK HERE

TO CLOSE
 Write “D” for direct speech or “I” for indirect speech.

I 1. Arthur told me that he was keen on martial arts.

D 2. Emma said, “I have been kayaking for 5 years.”

D 3. “I am an adrenaline junkie.” she said.

I 4. Nelson said that the race required a good dose of mental fortitude.

I 5. Jennifer told me that she had decided to try skydiving.

D 6. Stanley said, “Adrenaline is in my veins.”

I 7. He said that he had to wear his helmet when he was on his bike.

D 8. “Extreme sports are not my cup of tea.” Tiffany said.

 Choose the correct answer.

1.Mike said, “I will take part in the tournament.”

Mike said that he would take / took part in the tournament.

2. “I have studied for two hours.” Sophie told me.

Sophie told me that she had studied / studied for two hours.
3. “ I dislike watching football matches on TV.” Jenson said.

Jenson said that he dislikes / disliked watching football matches on TV.

4. Daniel said, “I am going to attend a skydiving course next week.”

Daniel said that he was going to attend / attended a skydiving course the following week.

5. My friend told me, “I completed all the mountain stages.”

My friend told me that he has completed / had completed all the mountain stages.
. “He is the greatest sprinter of all time.” Nancy said.

Nancy said that he was / had been the greatest sprinter of all time.

. Tiffany told us, “You must wear your caps ang goggles.”

Tiffany told us that we had to wear / could wear our caps and goggles.

. My friend said, “I am jumping off a helicopter now.”

My friend said that he is jumping / was jumping off a helicopter then.

. Ralph said, “Did you watch the match yesterday?”

Ralph asked me if / whether I watched / had watched the match the previous day.

0. Journalist said, “What do you recommend to young players?”

Journalist asked me what I recommended / would recommend to young players.

 Fill in the blanks with the correct verbs.

1.Betty said, “Elie hasn’t come back from England yet.”

hadn’t come
Betty told us that Elie ………………….. back from England yet.
. “Naz Aydemir is wearing number 17 jersey at Fenerbahçe.” Azra said.
was wearing
Azra said that Naz Aydemir ………………….. number 17 jersey at Fenerbahçe.
. “ Julia will move back to Paris next month.” Darcy said.
would move
Darcy said that Julia ………………….. back to Paris the following month.

. Joe said, “I started my kitesurfing career ten years ago.”

had startedhis kitesurfing career ten years before.

Joe told me that he …………………..

. Mike said, “She tries hard to improve her skills.”

tried hard to improve her skills.

Mike said that she …………………..
Certain words change as follows depending on the context.
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

now Then/at the time

today That day

tonight That night

yesterday The day before

a week/month/year ago A week/month/year before

last week/month/year The previous week/month/year

tomorrow The next day/the following day

next week/month/year The following week/month/year

here There

this/that These/those
 Read and make “Reported Speech” sentences.

1.Garry said, “I love adrenaline.”

Garry said that he loved adrenaline.

2. “We love our teacher.” the students

said.
The students said that they loved their teacher.

3. “The weather will be hot tomorrow.” the speaker said.

The speaker said that the weather would be hot the next day.

4. My brother said, “ I bought a present for my mom two days ago.”

My brother said that he had bought a present for his mom two days before.

5. Our trainer said, “ Work hard! ”

Our trainer told us to work hard.