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  • How Was Quoc Ngu' (National Language) Developed?

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    Phạm Thị Thanh Vi
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    Quoc Ngu, Vietnam's national language, was developed over centuries through contributions from Portuguese and French missionaries in the 17th century, who created the first alphabetic writing system for Vietnamese. In the late 17th century, the writing system still had weaknesses like missing tones and consonants. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the script was further refined, standardized and promoted for use in education and official documents to replace Chinese characters. By the 20th century, Quoc Ngu had become widely used across Vietnamese society.

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    Quoc Ngu, Vietnam's national language, was developed over centuries through contributions from Portuguese and French missionaries in the 17th century, who created the first alphabetic writing system for Vietnamese. In the late 17th century, the writing system still had weaknesses like missing tones and consonants. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the script was further refined, standardized and promoted for use in education and official documents to replace Chinese characters. By the 20th century, Quoc Ngu had become widely used across Vietnamese society.

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    14 views13 pages

    How Was Quoc Ngu' (National Language) Developed?

    Uploaded by

    Phạm Thị Thanh Vi
    Quoc Ngu, Vietnam's national language, was developed over centuries through contributions from Portuguese and French missionaries in the 17th century, who created the first alphabetic writing system for Vietnamese. In the late 17th century, the writing system still had weaknesses like missing tones and consonants. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the script was further refined, standardized and promoted for use in education and official documents to replace Chinese characters. By the 20th century, Quoc Ngu had become widely used across Vietnamese society.

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    of 13

    04

    How was ‘Quoc Ngu’


    (National Language)
    developed?
    “Quoc Ngu script” is a collection of
    Latin letters and diacritics used with
    those letters to write Vietnamese. “
    ni t i o n
    Defi
    COLONIZED

    - Began 200
    B.C
    - About twelve
    17th century: Jesuit missionaries
    devised an alphabetic system
    for Vietnamese .
    - Portuguese
    Francisco de - Be the first to lay the foundation and be
    Pina fluent in Vietnamese

    COCHIN
    CHINA
    Alexande de
    - Has merit in creating and
    systematizing national languages.
    Rhode
    - 1651: Created 1st Vietnamese
    dictionary in Rome.
    -Late 17th century: Some weakness still exist in National language.
    - No accent marks, stick together and - Missing double consonants: ch, gh,
    many vowels are missing nh, tr; so:
    Ex: Ex:
    Quanmguya = Quảng Ngãi gn = nh
    Onsaij = ông sải cia = ch
    Tuijciam biêt = Tui Chẳng Biết
    Mocaij = một cái

    -Doesn’t have single consonants: đ,


    x, v so they are written:
    Ex:
    dj = đ (đói = doij)
    sc = x, (xin = scin)
    b = v, (vào = bau)
    - 18th century: Editing process in Cochinchina

    Pierre
    Pigneau de "ꞗ“”v” or ”b”
    Behaine + Alphabet is
    parishioners "bl", "ml", "pl", almost the same
    compiled a "sl", "tl" "tr", as today
    dictionary of "nh", "l", "s"
    Quoc Ngu
    characters
    19th century: 20th century:
    + France invades Vietnamese Patriots
    Cochinchina. campaign:
    + Protected Quoc Ngu + widely used in social life,
    characters. education and major exams.
    + Sign the decree "mandatory + Way to improve the
    use Quoc Ngu characters to education level and awaken
    replace Chinese the patriotism of Vietnamese
    characters“. people.
    Birth certificate
    Quoc Ngu script
    in 1938
    -Written by 4 types of
    script:
    + Nom script
    + Chinese script
    + Quoc Ngu
    script
    + French script
    “Gia Đinh newspaper”

    + Published by Truong Vinh Ky


    + The first newspaper written in
    National Language in 1865.
    Mid 20 century:
    th

    + Continuing reform.

    + Amending the script related to the


    educational reform of the Socialist
    Republic of Vietnam.

    Ex: Tự - do  Tự do

    Họ- và- tênHọ và tên


    THANKS

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