LO: to understand how to analyse language, structure and

Date: style

Analytical
Writing
Starter:
1. What is the name of Winston’s apartment building?
2. What time is it when the novel opens?
3. What does the hallway smell like?
4. What is on the walls?
5. What is on Winston’s right ankle?

6. Extension: Why is the name of where Winston lives ironic?

 When analysing, we are looking at the
choices made by the writer: AO3.
• Simile
• Metaphor Lang I am the writer…why did I make the
• Personification
u age
authorial choices I did?
• Alliteration/sibilance/plosives
• Word choice
• Imagery
• Sentence length Stru
• Rhetorical questions ctur
e
• Contrast • Sentence structure
• Emotive language
• Tense
• Hyperbole
• Personal pronouns
• Lists
• Repetition • Fragmented sentences
• Imperatives • Clauses
• Senses
• Placement in the paragraph
• Juxtaposition
• Oxymoron • Organisation of ideas in the
• Paradox section/paragraph/sentence
• Pathetic fallacy • Foreshadowing
• Symbolism • Flashback
• Tone
• Setting
• Monosyllabic language
 Close analysis of paragraphs 1 & 2 Language

Pathetic fallacy Structure

Bright – illuminated / cannot escape being seen
Cold – sets the tone. Unfriendly & unwelcoming
Animal imagery
Nuzzled – suggests protection
He appears like a an animal trying to protect itself from the
It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were
striking
elements thirteen. Winston Smith, his chin nuzzled
into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly through the glass doors of Victory
Mansions, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him. Unusual –
It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. suggests to
The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats. At one end of it a coloured poster, too large for the reader
Winston Smith,
indoor display, had beenhistacked
chintonuzzled into hissimply
the wall. It depicted breast in an effort
an enormous to than
face, more escape
a metre that
the
wide: vile wind,
the face slipped
of a man of about quickly
forty-five,through the
with a heavy glass
black doors
moustache andof Victory
ruggedly handsome something is
features. Winston made for the stairs. It was no use trying the lift. Even at the best of times it was
wrong

Mansions,
seldom working,though not the
and at present quickly
electricenough
current wasto
cutprevent
off during a swirlhours.
daylight of gritty dustof
It was part
the economy drive in preparation for Hate Week. The flat was seven flights up, and Winston, who was
from entering along with him.
thirty-nine and had a varicose ulcer above his right ankle, went slowly, resting several times on the
Attacking or way. On each landing, opposite the lift-shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the wall.
pursuing himIt was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move.
Monosyllabic
language BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran.
Embedded clause
Gives us additional Use of negative imagery sets
emphasises the
information about the Winston up against an outside
harshness of the
protagonist force that he is trying to
weather.
escape.
What Use WHAT, HOW,
WHY when

How analysing any

text. You can use

Why
this approach for
poetry and
drama too!
 The WHAT, HOW, WHY approach
1 2
What
What do you learn? How
What stands out? How do you learn this?
What is shown? How do you know?
What is the significance of what you see? How is it shown?
- In the chapter 1 we see how… - Tension is created when…
- Orwell presents… - Conflict is shown by…
- The use of…
What is your evidence?

3 Why
Why is it shown this way?
Why here?
Why now?
Why does the writer want you to understand this?
Why does the writer want you to feel this way?
Why does the writer use this technique / word?
 Reflection

• What do you understand so far with regards to

analysing a novel?
• What skills have you demonstrated so far?
• What do you feel confident on?
• What are you less confident on? How will you
address this next lesson?
Due:

Homework
• Find 3 quotations from elsewhere in Chapter 1 – only go as far as we
have read together.

• Fill in the table.

Quotation What the quotation A technique that An interesting word
is describing. has been used and that has been used
the effect. Analyse. and the effect.
Analyse.
 LO: to understand how to analyse language, structure and
Date: style

Analytical
Writing
Starter:
How do we feel at the beginning of chapter 1?

Extension: Why does Orwell want you to feel this way?

 In pairs, analyse the Don’t forget
Language

rest of this extract. to use WHAT,

HOW, WHY Structure
20 minutes
How to analyse:
• What words stand out? Why?
It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. Winston Smith, his • What do the words suggest?
chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly through • What kind of imagery has been used?
the glass doors of Victory Mansions, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty Why?
dust from entering along with him. • What other techniques can you identify?
The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats. At one end of it a coloured poster, • What can you say about the clauses or
too large for indoor display, had been tacked to the wall. It depicted simply an enormous the structure of the sentences?
• Does the quote link back to something
face, more than a metre wide: the face of a man of about forty-five, with a heavy black
we have already read?
moustache and ruggedly handsome features. Winston made for the stairs. It was no use • What is suggested about the society
trying the lift. Even at the best of times it was seldom working, and at present the electric Winston lives in?
current was cut off during daylight hours. It was part of the economy drive in preparation • What is suggested about Winston?
for Hate Week. The flat was seven flights up, and Winston, who was thirty-nine and had a • Which themes can you see?
varicose ulcer above his right ankle, went slowly, resting several times on the way. On • What is the author trying to show us?
each landing, opposite the lift-shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the How? Why?
wall. It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about • How do you feel?
when you move. BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran.
Mini analytical writing
Question: how does Orwell engage the reader in
pages 1-10 of Chapter 1?
In pairs, think about what the
question is asking you to do?
What are the keywords?
5 minutes
 Question: how does Orwell engage the reader in pages 1-10 of
Chapter 1?
Don’t forget
to use WHAT,
Brainstorm ideas HOW, WHY

10 minutes
Extension: add quotes to your ideas.

What does he show you?

How does he show you?

Why does he show it in this way?

Why is it engaging?
Thank you for downloading this resource; I hope it is useful! You can
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