Planning in Management

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Table of Contents

Definition Purpose Elements

01 of Planning 02 of Planning 03 of Planning

Characteristics Types Process

04 of Planning 05 of Planning 06 of Planning
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Definition of Planning
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Definition

Planning :
an early stage in an organization’s activities in order to
facilitate the achievement of a goal, establish a strategy to
achieve that goal, and develop a work activity plan of
organization.
Definition of Planning According to Experts:

George R Terry

01 According to George R Terry, planning is the act of choosing and connecting

facts, making and using various assumptions about the future along with the
formulation of activities that will be implemented to achieve their goals.

Henry Fayol

02 According to Henry Fayol, planning is the art of setting various goals

in organizations and also the art of determining the strategies needed
to achieve certain goals.
Definition of Planning According to Experts:

Prajudi Atmosudirdjo

03 According to Prajudi Atmosudirdjo, planning is a calculation and

determination of what will be carried out in achieving a predetermined
goal.

Abdulrachman

04 According to Abdulrachman, planning provides a rational thinking

based on facts and estimates as a preparation to be able to carry out
actions in the future.
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Purpose of Planning
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Purpose
Stephen Robbins and Mary Coulter propose four planning goals:

01 02
Provide briefings for both managers and To reduce uncertainty
non-management employees

03 04
To minimize waste To set the goals and standards used in the
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Element of Planning
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Elements
Harol Koonth & CO Donnell suggests that a plan should contain the following elements:

Goals
Everything to be achieved in cooperation or organizational efforts.

Politics and Policy

The rules or guidelines outlined by the organization.

Procedure
A sequence of work that must be done or followed.

Budget
The cost or input required to achieve that result.

Program
A mixture of other elements to establish a framework of action in the future.
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Characteristics of Planning

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Characteristics of Planning
A good plan must contain the following characteristics :

Use of simple and clear words

Flexible, must be able to adapt to the situation

Stability, there is no need every time the plan changes so stability must be maintained

It's in balance, organizational goals are balanced with needs

Covers all necessary actions

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Types of Planning
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Types of Planning

Rencana Global Rencana Strategik Rencana Operasional

(Global Plan) (Strategic Plan) (Operational Plan)

This plan contains the It is a long-term planning This plan includes

determination of the process that is structured planning for operational
overall goals of an and used to achieve the activities and is short term
goals that have been set
organization together
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Process of Planning
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Process of Planning

Observation Making
and Analysis Synthesize

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 step 4

Set Tasks and Making

Goals Possibilities
Explanation Process of Planning
Step 1 : Set tasks and goals
The task is defined as what must be done, while the goal is something or value to be
obtained.
Step 2 : Observation and analysis
Determine what factors can facilitate the achievement of goals (Observations) when they are
known and collected, then an analysis is carried out on them to determine which ones are used.
Step 3 : Making possibilities
The available factors provide planning to make several possibilities in achieving goals.
Step 4 : Making synthesize
Alternative to be chosen from the existing possibilities by linking the sites of these possibilities.
THANK YOU!
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