Information on cancer

Disease

- By afifa saiyad

- Submitted to rohit sir

What is cancer ?
 A group of neoplastic disease in which there is
transformation of normal cells into malignant cells.
 “Cancer is a disease where cells grow out of control and
invade, erode and destroy normal tissue.”
 Medically cancer is known as ‘malignant neoplasm.’ it is a
broad group of disease involving unregulated cell growth.
Cancer arises from a loss normal
growth control.

In normal tissue, the rate if new

cell growth an old cell death are
kept in balance.
But in cancer this balance is
disrupted.

This disruption can result fromb

uncontrolled call growth loss of
cell ability to undergo apoptosis.
TYPES OF CANCER
1. Leukemia : cancer of blood in which white
blood cells show an abnormal increase.

2. Carcinomas : cancer of epithelial cells.

3. Sarcomas : cancer of connective tissue.

4. Lymphomas : cancer of lymphatic tissue.

5. Lipomas : cancer of adipose tissue.

CHARACTERISTIC OF CANCER CELLS
 A few important characteristic of cancer cell
are given below :
1. Cancer cell cultures are immortal and can
grow indefinitely.
2. Cancer cell do not show contact inhibition
3. Cancer cells lack intracellular adhesion.
4. Cancer cells does not depend
5. In cancer cells molecular changes in all
membrane components ( glycolipids and
glycoprotein) have been found.
CANCER SYMPTOMS
1. A change in digestive habits.
2. Change in colour of infected areas.
3. A swelling or sore throat that does not heal
easily.
4. Any persistent lump or thickening in tissue,
especially in the lip and tongue or breast.
5. Difficulty in swallowing.
6. Unexplained lose of weight.
7. Persistent cough or hoarseness.
CARCINOGENS
 Classification
 In cigarettes
 In prepared food
 Common carcinogens
 Mechanisms of carcinogenicity
 Major carcinogens implicated in the four most
common cancers worldwide
 Afiotoxin
 Mustard gas lungs
 Coulter, skin, lungs
LOCATION OF CANCER
 Cancer occurring any one part of body has unique
characteristic. Now there is list in alphabetical order the
various of body in which cancer commonly occurs.
1. Bile ducts
2. Breast
3. Bone
4. Esophagus
5. Lung
6. Ovary
7. Pancreas
8. Stomach
9. Thyroid
10. Tongue
Project report cancer disease
CURE AND TREATMENT OF CANCER
 The doctor may start by asking about your personal and family
medical history and do a physical exam. The doctor also may
order lab tests, imaging tests (scans), or other tests or
procedures. You may also need a biopsy, which is often the
only way to tell for sure if you have cancer.

 Antcarcinogens :

They are the substances which prevent the action of

carcinogens. Antcarcinogens occur in green yellow vegetables,
fruits, milk. They are riboflavin (milk), flavonoids (green-yellow
vegetables and fruits), Vitamin C, indoles (Cabbage) etc. B-
carotene present in green yellow vegetables is promoter-
inhibitor which weakens the action of cancer promoters
TREATMENT OF CANCER
 Treatment of cancer can involve any of
several modalities: Surgical interventions
Radiation therapy Chemotherapy Gene
therapy Stem cell and bone marrow
transplants Immunotherapy.