Nutrition Therapy in

CVD
Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
MFSA
Source: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/healthy-eating-plate/
 1 – Control Portion Size
1. Use a small plate or bowl to control portions.
2. Eat more low-calorie, nutrient-rich foods, such as fruits and
vegetables
3. Eat smaller amounts of high-calorie, high-sodium foods, such as
refined, processed or fast foods.
4. The recommended number of servings per food group may vary
depending on the specific diet or guidelines being followed.
5. Judging serving size is a learned skill. Using measuring cups and
spoons or a scale can be practiced until comfortable with own’s
judgment.

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 2 – Eat More Fruits and Vegetables
1. Good sources of vitamins and minerals.
2. Low in calories and rich in dietary fiber.
3. May help cut back on higher calorie foods,
such as meat, cheese and snack foods.
4. Choose recipes that have vegetables or fruits
as the main ingredients, such as vegetable
stir-fry or fresh fruit mixed into salads.
Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 2 – Eat More Fruits and Vegetables
Further readings!
https://planetbaseddiets.panda.org/

https://eatforum.org/eat-lancet-commission/the-planetary-health-diet-and-you/

https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/v
egetarian-diet/art-20046446

https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/the-vegetarian-diet/

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

MFSA
 2 – Eat More Fruits and Vegetables

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 3 – Select Whole Grains

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 4 – Limit Unhealthy Fats
1. Trim fat off meat or choose lean meats with
less than 10% fat.
2. Use less butter, margarine and shortening
when cooking and serving.
3. Use low-fat substitutions when possible for a
heart-healthy diet. E.g. use sliced whole fruit or
low-sugar fruit spread on your toast instead of
margarine. Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
4 – Limit Unhealthy Fats
 5 – Choose Low Protein Sources
1. Lean meat, poultry and fish, low-fat dairy products,
and eggs. Skinless chicken breasts, skim milk.
2. Fish is a good alternative to high-fat meats. Certain
types of fish are rich in omega-3 FA, such as
salmon, mackerel and herring.
3. Legumes — beans, peas and lentils — good, low-
fat sources of protein and contain no cholesterol

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 5 – Choose Low Protein Sources

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 6 – Reduce Na (salt) intake
1. Healthy adults have NO more than 2,300 milligrams
(mg) of sodium a day (about a teaspoon of salt)
2. Most adults ideally have NO more than 1,500 mg of
sodium a day
3. Eating fresh foods and making own food
4. For convenience food, look for ones with no added
salt or reduced sodium.
5. Sea salt has the same nutritional value as regular
salt. Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 6 – Reduce Na (salt) intake

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 6 – Reduce Na (salt) intake
Read more!
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/salt-reduction

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

MFSA
 7 – Create Your Own Meal
1. Create daily menus using the six strategies
listed above.
2. In selecting foods for each meal and snack,
emphasize vegetables, fruits and whole grains.
Choose lean protein sources and healthy fats,
and limit salty foods.
3. Watch your portion sizes and add variety to
your menu choices. Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 7 – Allow Occasional Treat
1. Allow an indulgence every now and then. Yet
don't let it turn into an excuse for giving up on
your healthy-eating plan.
2. With planning and a few simple substitutions,
you can eat with your heart in mind.

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 8-step Heart-healthy Diet
1. Control your portion size
2. Eat more vegetables and fruits
3. Select whole grains
4. Limit unhealthy fats
5. Choose low-fat protein sources
6. Reduce the salt (sodium) in your food
7. Plan ahead: Create daily menus
8. Allow yourself an occasional treat Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-healthy-diet/art-20047702 MFSA
 DASH
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension – a
flexible and balanced eating plan that helps
create a heart-healthy eating style for life.
 Eating vegetables, fruits, and whole grains
 Including fat-free or low-fat dairy products, fish, poultry, beans,
nuts, and vegetable oils
 Limiting foods that are high in saturated fat, such as fatty meats,
full-fat dairy products, and tropical oils such as coconut, palm
kernel, and palm oils
 Limiting sugar-sweetened beverages and sweets
Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/education/dash-eating-plan MFSA
 DASH

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/education/dash-eating-plan MFSA
 Mediterranean Diet
It is based on the
traditional foods that
people used to eat in
countries bordering
the Mediterranean
Sea, including
France, Spain,
Greece, and Italy. Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/mediterranean-diet-meal-plan#benefits MFSA
 Mediterranean Diet
Benefits: How to follow:
1. Promotes 1. Eat: vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds,
legumes, potatoes, whole grains, herbs,
heart health spices, fish, seafood, and extra virgin
2. Supports olive oil
2. Eat in moderation: poultry, eggs,
healthy blood cheese, and yogurt
sugar levels 3. Eat rarely: red meat, sugar-sweetened
beverages, added sugars, processed
3. Protects brain meat, refined grains, refined oils, and
function other highly processed food
Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/mediterranean-diet-meal-plan#benefits MFSA
 Mediterranean Diet

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/mediterranean-diet-meal-plan#benefits MFSA
 Mediterranean Diet

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/mediterranean-diet-meal-plan#benefits MFSA
 Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
Source: https://eatforum.org/eat-lancet-commission/the-planetary-health-diet-and-you/ MFSA
 Planetary Diet

Elaine L. Bañares, RND,

Source: https://eatforum.org/eat-lancet-commission/the-planetary-health-diet-and-you/ MFSA
 Further Readings!
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/he
art-disease-and-food

https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/disease-prevention/card
iovascular-disease/preventing-cvd/

https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/education/dash-eating-plan

https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/healthy-eating-plate/
Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
MFSA
Elaine L. Bañares, RND,
MFSA