Corona virus: lung attack phase

Ulfa fithria (PO.71.39.1.20.042)

Anandita mayearly fayza (PO.71.39.1.20.061)
Medically, the symptoms of COVID-19 can be seen from the onset of
infection such as fever, cough, shortness of breath, and difficulty
breathing. However, some are actually infected but do not show any
symptoms.

The World Health Organization states that COVID-19 usually attacks

the lungs in three phases: (1) viral replication, (2) an overreaction of the
immune system, and (3) lung damage.
 However, not all patients with this disease experience all
three phases.

In the initial conditions of infection, SARS-CoV-2 attacks

human lung cells rapidly. There are two types of cells that
are attacked, namely cells that produce mucus (mucus) and
cells with cilia (having a hair-like structure).
SARS-CoV-2 infects and kills ciliary cells, which then slough off
and fill the patient's airways with cell or tissue debris and fluid,
thus preventing the organs from working optimally.

In the next phase, the cells of the immune system begin to

enter. Our bodies fight disease by flooding the lungs with
immune system cells to clear damage and repair lung tissue.
But sometimes the immune system crashes and those cells kill
anything, including healthy body tissue. Even more debris
clogs the lungs causing inflammation of the lungs
(pneumonia) to get worse.
Finally, lung damage continues to increase in the third phase.
This can lead to respiratory failure which can lead to death.
Even if death does occur, some patients survive with very
severe lung damage. When that happens, the patient must
be put on a ventilator to help his respiratory system until the
patient's condition slowly improves and recovers.
 Meanwhile, inflammation in the lungs also makes the membrane
between the air sacs and blood vessels more easily penetrated by a
particle that can fill the lungs with fluid and affect its ability to meet
the oxygen supply in the blood.

Data from 44,000 COVID-19 patients, according to the World Health

Organization, 81% experienced mild symptoms, 14% severe
symptoms, 5% seriously ill, between 1% and 2% died from the
disease. In addition, the patient's incubation period is initially set at 1-
14 days. Now, the incubation period has been increased to 28 days.
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