Chemistry project

By
SHREYA BORO
FILTRATION
 FILTRATION

Principle involved: the filtration release on the principle of

difference in size between the particles it chooses a solvent
in such a way that one substance dissolves in the solvent
and other doesn’t therefore the litter is collected as a
reduce over the chosen filter media
 FILTRATION

Uses

1) Blood is filtered by the glomerulus

2) many aquariums uses filters containing fibers that
captures particles
3) water is filtered by the water filtered to remove the
unwanted particles
CRYSTALLIZATION
step 3
Step 2
 CRYSTALLIZATION

Principle involved: crystallization is technique used for the

purification of substances.
Crystallization is a separation process widely applied in
the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. The principle of
crystallization is based on the limited solubility of a
compound in a solvent at a certain temperature , pressure
etc.
 CRYSTALLIZATION

Uses
1) Crystallization is used to obtain pure salt from
seawater
2) Crystallization can be used to obtain pure alum from
an impure alum
SUBLIMATION
 SUBLIMATION

Principle involved: sublimation is defined as the transition

of a substance from a solid to a gaseous state without
converting to a liquid state this is an endothermic phase
transition that take place at a temperature and pressure
below the substance triple point
 SUBLIMATION

Uses
1) Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide at room temperature
and pressure it sublimates into carbon dioxide vapor
2) freezer burn results from the sublimation of ice into
water vapor
MAGNETIC SEPARATION
 MAGNETIC SEPARATION

Principle involved: magnetic separation is the process of

separating compound of mixtures by using a magnet to
attract magnetic substances the process that is used for a
magnetic separation separates non magnetic substance
from those which are magnetic
 MAGNETIC SEPARATION

Uses
1) Magnetic separation is useful for these selected few
minerals which are ferromagnetic (iron nickel and
cobalt containing minerals) and paramagnetic.
A large diversity of mechanical means are
used to separate magnetic materials
CHROMATOGRAPHY
 CHROMATOGRAPHY

Principle involved: chromatography is a separation method

where the analyte is combined within liquid or gases
mobile phase, which is pumped through a stationary phase.
Usually one phase is hydrophilic and other is lipophilic
 CHROMATOGRAPHY

Uses
1) Chromatography is used industrial process to purify
materials test amounts of
Contaminant isolate chiral compounds and quality control
test products
DISTILLATION
 DISTILLATION

Principle involved: distillation is the technique of heating

liquid to create vapour which is collected when cooled
separate from the original liquid it’s based on the different
boiling point or volatility values of the components
 DISTILLATION

Uses
1) Distillation plays an important role in many water
purification technique
2) Many perfume and fruit flavoring are obtained from the
herbs and plants via distillation
3) Distillation is also used on industrial scale to purify the
liquid products obtained from chemicals synthesis
FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION
 FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION

Principle involved: fractional distillation is a type of

distillation which involves the separation of miscible
liquids the process involves repeated distillation and
condensation and the mixture is usually separated into
components parts this separation happens when the
mixture is heated at a certain temperature where fractions
of the mixture is start to vaporize
 FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION

Uses
1) Fractional distillation is used for the purification of
water as well As for separating ethanol and water.
2) Fractional distillation is used in several industries like
oil refineries and chemical plants mainly for
purification and separation of many organic
compound.
3) distillation is used in the production of high purity
silicon from Chlorosilane
SEPARATION FUNNEL
 SEPARATION FUNNEL

Principle involved: separating funnel is a funnel that is

used to separate immiscible liquids that do not mix with
each other are said to be immiscible. Two immiscible
liquids such as oil and water can be separated by using
separating funnel
 SEPARATION FUNNEL

Uses
Water and kerosene, petrol and water, oil and water,
benzene and ether etc can be separated by using separating
funnel. When the mixture of water and kerosene is put in a
separating funnel it forms two layers
Thank you