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IELTS SUCCESS

4.0

Relationships
UNIT 5B
CONTENTS

 READING: Real-life Brat Camp
 Skill Focus: Understanding paraphrase
 IELTS Tasks: Sentence completion; Matching information

 WRITING: Conflicts between parents and teenagers


 Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples
 Grammar: Sentence variety (3) – Clauses & The complex
sentence
READING


 PREPARING TO READ

 UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT

 EXPRESSING WHAT YOU THINK


READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read Activity 1

GROUP WORK
Discuss the questions

1. What is happening in each photo?

2. What might cause someone to do something like this?

3. What do you think is the best way to help these people?


READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read Activity 1
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read Activity 2A
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read Activity 2B

GROUP WORK
Discuss the questions

1. Why do some teenagers have disruptive behaviour?

2. How should spoiled brats be punished?

3. Name a good role model for teenagers. What does the person do?
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read Activity 3

In the Reading paper, it is very important to be

able to understand paraphrase (when the


same idea is given using different words). The
words used in the same questions won't be
exactly the same as the ones in the passage.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
1. The majority of people
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
most people friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
2. there are many definitions
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
of friendship
do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
friendship means friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
different things in it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
different situations friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
3. why some people have
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
more friends online than in
do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
real life
friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
the reasons for having it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
more online friends than friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
real friends fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
4. sends us a friend request
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
asks us to be their friend do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
online friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
5. refuse
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
say ‘no’ do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
6. are not very familiar with
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
them
do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
don’t really know them friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
7. think of us as
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
consider us do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
8. take advantage of
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
use do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
9. extend the friend list
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
get a higher number of do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
friends friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read
It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at
any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However,
Activity 3
on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends.
If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different
Find synonyms or paraphrases.
things in different situations.
One of the reasons for having more online friends than
10. create a sense of popularity
real friends at a certain point in time is that online friendships
do not require much time and energy: it is easy to accept
appear to be popular
friendships and keep them forever. Another possibility is that
it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their
friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The
fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend,
which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors'
of online friends and just want to use us to get a higher
number of friends and appear to be popular.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Preparing to read Activity 4

Look at the title, photos, and introduction to the reading text.


Answer the questions with a partner.

1. What kind of place do you think Brat Camp is?

2. What might the teenagers have to do at Brat Camp?

3. Do you think that would change their behaviour?


READING

 PREPARING TO READ


 UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT

 EXPRESSING WHAT YOU THINK


READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 5

• Skim through the text to get the general meaning.


• Look back at your answers to these questions. Were your guesses correct?

1. What kind of place do you think Brat Camp is?

2. What might the teenagers have to do at Brat Camp?

3. Do you think that would change their behaviour?


READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading

How well do you know IELTS Sentence Completion Tasks?


Choose the correct options.

1. You are mostly reading for facts and figures/ ideas and opinions.

2. The questions are in random order/ the same order as the information in the passage.

3. You always have to write three words/ the number of words indicated in the
instructions.

4. You have to find words which already fit/ change the words you find so that they fit
the grammar of the sentence.

5. Correct spelling is not important/ important.


READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 6

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer

1. The teenagers were sent to the camp for three months to receive
[noun]
____________________.

2. [noun]
At the camp, both ____________________ and tap water were unavailable.

3. Lack of respect for the people working at the camp resulted in punishment
[adjective]
and even ____________________ rules.

4. [verb-ing]
Herding cattle on horseback, ____________________ and fixing fences were
some activities the teenagers had to do.

5. [noun]
The teenagers changed their ____________________ after weeks at the camp.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading

Activity 6 A Xanthe was fun, lively and very close to her mother until she was
fifteen. Then she became a teenager from hell! Expelled from
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS
school, she hung around the streets, getting into trouble. Sixteen-
year-old Emma was equally impossible. She’d do anything to get
1. The teenagers were sent to the
what she wanted, including shoplifting! And Joe, sixteen, was so
camp for three months to badly-behaved he bullied his own mum! The teenagers were out of
behaviour therapy
[noun] control and heading for disaster. But their parents had one last
receive ____________________.
trick up their sleeves! As a last resort, they sent their kids off for
three months’ behavior therapy at Turn-about Ranch, in the wilds
of Utah, USA. With them went four other spoiled ‘brats’. Their
time at the camp was filmed for the hit TV series Brat Camp.
• Do the same with Questions 2 - 5
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7B

Step 1: Read the questions and think about synonyms of key words.

1. being forced to stop their education


2. learning basic survival skills
3. copying someone because they admire them
4. escaping punishment after behaving badly
5. remaining in a restricted area without speaking
6. being jealous of someone
7. committing a crime
8. having no opportunity to relax
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7B

Step 1: Read the questions and think about synonyms of key words.

9. being denied any contact with family members


10. an unpleasant surprise

11. appearing on television

12. having to cooperate with others to complete a task

13. working with animals

14. a changing attitude to the world

15. doing something because everything else has failed

16. meeting the person in charge


READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7B

Step 2: Scan each paragraph for A Xanthe was fun, lively and very close to her mother until she
key words. Expect synonyms was fifteen. Then she became a teenager from hell! Expelled
and paraphrasing to be used. from school, she hung around the streets, getting into
trouble. Sixteen-year-old Emma was equally impossible. She’d
1. being forced to stop their education do anything to get what she wanted, including shoplifting!

7. committing a crime And Joe, sixteen, was so badly-behaved he bullied his own
mum! The teenagers were out of control and heading for
11. appearing on television disaster. But their parents had one last trick up their sleeves!
As a last resort, they sent their kids off for three months’
behavior therapy at Turn-about Ranch, in the wilds of Utah,
USA. With them went four other spoiled ‘brats’. Their time at
the camp was filmed for the hit TV series Brat Camp.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading

Activity 6
C Life got worse when the teenagers reached Turn-about, an
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS isolated cattle ranch. At the camp there was neither electricity nor
running water! Sitting outside their log cabin that first night, the
2. At the camp, both teenagers were given the rules of the camp. ‘You must get up at
electricity
[noun] 6.30 a.m.,’ ‘You must not swear,’ ‘You must ask permission before
____________________ and tap
doing anything.’ Confused and homesick, the teenagers begged to
water were unavailable. gohome. But it was a waste of time. The ranch was in the middle
of nowhere and contact with parents and friends was forbidden.
There was no escape!
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading

Activity 6

NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS D Level one of the therapy began the next morning. It was designed
to give the teenagers a nasty shock. And it certainly did! The kids
3. Lack of respect for the people were forced to spend three whole days sitting outdoors in small

working at the camp resulted in stone circles, in total silence. If any of them needed to leave the
circle, they had to ask for permission. They couldn’t even go to the
punishment and even
toilet alone! If they were disrespectful to the staff, they were
[adjective]
stricter
____________________ rules. punished, and the rules got even stricter
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading

Activity 6 E After three days the teenagers went on to the next level of the
behaviour therapy. The staff at Turn-about Ranch are real-life
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS
cowboys, who believe hard work is the best therapy for rebellious
teens. The teenagers were expected to take part in ranch
4. Herding cattle on horseback,
activities, like rounding up cattle on horseback, harvesting and
[verb-ing]
harvesting
____________________ and mending fences. Work didn’t stop, however hot and dusty or cold
and snowy it was. In fact, there was no free time at all! At night the
fixing fences were some activities
teenagers slept outdoors. They learned to light fires and trap
the teenagers had to do. animals for food. They were given certain goals, which meant
working in a team. If they were disruptive, they had to stay at the
ranch even longer.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading

Activity 6
E As the weeks went by, the teenagers acquired a new outlook on
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS life. Joe changed a lot: in the cowboys, he found the strong male
role models he’d lost when his parents divorced and his father left
5. The teenagers changed their home. Turnabout changed Xanthe, too. Her mother had remarried
outlook[noun]
(on life) when she was fifteen and she realized that envy of her new
____________________ after
stepfather had caused her bad behavior. Turn-about changed the
weeks at the camp. other teenagers too, at least for now ...
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7A
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7A

Matching information
The Matching information task tests your ability to read
a passage carefully and understand the main idea as well
as detailed information and arguments. On the
questions paper, you see a set of numbered phrases.
Your job is to read the passage and find the information
and ideas that match the phrases.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7A

TRUE or FALSE?
1. The answers will come inrandom order.
the same order in the text as the order of the list of
phrases.

2. A paragraph could contain more than one answer.

3. All paragraphs
Some contain
paragraphs answers.
may not contain answers.
4. The answer can be the main idea of a paragraph or specific information.

5. The
Youphrases
can findinthe
thesame
questions
ideas include the same
in the passage, words
but yousame
not the can find in the passage.
words.

6. On the answer sheet, you write one letter for each question.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7A

Step 1: Read the questions and think about possible synonyms of the key words.

Step 2: Scan each paragraph for key words. When you think you've identified the
paragraph with matching information, read it in detail to check if you're right. Expect
synonyms and paraphrasing to be used.

Step 3: Repeat this process until you have matched all the statements to paragraphs
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7B

Step 1: Read the questions and think about synonyms of key words.

1. being forced to stop their education


2. learning basic survival skills
3. copying someone because they admire them
4. escaping punishment after behaving badly
5. remaining in a restricted area without speaking
6. being jealous of someone
7. committing a crime
8. having no opportunity to relax
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 7B

Step 1: Read the questions and think about synonyms of key words.

9. being denied any contact with family members


10. an unpleasant surprise

11. appearing on television

12. having to cooperate with others to complete a task

13. working with animals

14. a changing attitude to the world

15. doing something because everything else has failed

16. meeting the person in charge


1. being forced to stop their education
2. READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
learning basic survival skills
copying someone because they admire them
3.
Understanding the reading Activity 7B
4. escaping punishment after behaving badly
5. remaining in a restricted
Step areaparagraph
2: Scan each without speaking
for
6. being jealous of someone
key words. Expect synonyms A Xanthe was fun, lively and very close to her mother until she
7. andaparaphrasing
committing crime to be used. was fifteen. Then she became a teenager from hell! Expelled
8. having no opportunity to relax from school, she hung around the streets, getting into
9. 1.being denied
being anyto
forced contact with family
stop their members
education trouble. Sixteen-year-old Emma was equally impossible. She’d
10. an unpleasant surprise do anything to get what she wanted, including shoplifting!
11. 7.appearing
committing a crime
on television And Joe, sixteen, was so badly-behaved he bullied his own
12. having to cooperate with others to complete a mum! The teenagers were out of control and heading for
11. appearing on television
task
disaster. But their parents had one last trick up their sleeves!
13. working with animals
15. doing something because As a last resort, they sent their kids off for three months’
14. a changing attitude to the world
everything else has failed behavior therapy at Turn-about Ranch, in the wilds of Utah,
15. doing something because everything else has
USA. With them went four other spoiled ‘brats’. Their time at
failed
16. meeting the person in charge the camp was filmed for the hit TV series Brat Camp.
being forced to stop their education
1.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
2. learning basic survival skills
3. copyingUnderstanding the reading
someone because they admire them Activity 7B
4. escaping punishment after behaving badly
5. remainingStepin a restricted area without
2: Scan each speaking
paragraph for
key of
6. being jealous words. Expect synonyms
someone B The seven teenagers had a lot in common. Ed, sixteen, was a
7. committinganda crime
paraphrasing to be used. liar and a cheat and had stolen from his own brothers. Josh,
8. having no opportunity to relax fifteen, had a temper that frequently got him into trouble.
9. 4.being
escaping
denied punishment after
any contact with family members Alex, fifteen, was violently aggressive. And Jenni, sixteen, was
10. an behaving
unpleasantbadly
surprise
rude and moody and determined to embarrass her parents in
11. appearing on television
10. an unpleasant surprise any way she could. The teenagers had got away with murder
12. having to cooperate with others to complete a
at home. But they were in for a shock! Waiting for them at the
task
airport in the USA was the boss of Turn-about. A tough ex-cop,
13. 16. meeting
working withthe person in charge
animals
14. a changing attitude to the world he ruled the ranch with a rod of iron. Anyone trying to
15. doing something because everything else has mess him about would find themselves in deep trouble!
failed
16. meeting the person in charge
being forced to stop their education
1.
2.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
learning basic survival skills
3. Understanding
copying someone the them
because they admire reading Activity 7B
4. escaping punishment after behaving badly
5. remaining in a restricted
Step 2: Scanarea
eachwithout speaking
paragraph for
6. keyofwords.
being jealous someoneExpect synonyms
7. committingand paraphrasing to be used.
a crime
C Life got worse when the teenagers reached Turn-about, an
8. having no opportunity to relax
9. being denied any contact with family members isolated cattle ranch. At the camp there was neither electricity
an nor running water! Sitting outside their log cabin that first
10.
9. unpleasant surprise
being denied any contact with
11. appearing on television night, the teenagers were given the rules of the camp. ‘You
family members
12. having to cooperate with others to complete a must get up at 6.30 a.m.,’ ‘You must not swear,’ ‘You must ask
task permission before doing anything.’ Confused and homesick,
13. working with animals the teenagers begged to go home. But it was a waste of time.
14. a changing attitude to the world The ranch was in the middle of nowhere and contact with
15. doing something because everything else has parents and friends was forbidden. There was no escape!
failed
16. meeting the person in charge
being forced to stop their education
1.
2.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
learning basic survival skills
3. copyingUnderstanding the reading
someone because they admire them Activity 7B
4. escaping punishment after behaving badly
5. remainingStep
in a restricted area without
2: Scan each speaking
paragraph for
6. keyofwords.
being jealous someoneExpect synonyms
7. committingand paraphrasing to be used.
a crime
8. having no opportunity to relax
9. being denied any contact with family members D Level one of the therapy began the next morning. It was
10. 5.an remaining
unpleasant surprise
in a restricted area designed to give the teenagers a nasty shock. And it certainly
11. withoutonspeaking
appearing television did! The kids were forced to spend three whole days sitting
12. having to cooperate with others to complete a outdoors in small stone circles, in total silence. If any of them
task needed to leave the circle, they had to ask for permission.
13. working with animals They couldn’t even go to the toilet alone! If they were
14. a changing attitude to the world disrespectful to the staff, they were punished, and the rules
15. doing something because everything else has
got even stricter.
failed
16. meeting the person in charge
being forced to stop their education
1.
2.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
learning basic survival skills
3. copyingUnderstanding the reading
someone because they admire them Activity 7B
4. escaping punishment after behaving badly
5. remainingStep
in a restricted area without
2: Scan each speaking
paragraph for
6. key of
being jealous words. Expect synonyms
someone E After three days the teenagers went on to the next level of
7. committinganda crime
paraphrasing to be used. the behaviour therapy. The staff at Turn-about Ranch are real-
8. having no opportunity to relax life cowboys, who believe hard work is the best therapy for
9. being denied any contact with family members rebellious teens. The teenagers were expected to take part in
13. working with animals
10. an unpleasant surprise
ranch activities, like rounding up cattle on horseback,
11. 8.appearing onopportunity
having no television to relax
harvesting and mending fences. Work didn’t stop, however
12. having to cooperate with others to complete a
hot and dusty or cold and snowy it was. In fact, there was no
2.task
learning basic survival skills
free time at all! At night the teenagers slept outdoors. They
13. working with animals
14.
12. having to cooperate with others to
a changing attitude to the world learned to light fires and trap animals for food. They were
complete a task given certain goals, which meant working in a team. If they
15. doing something because everything else has
failed were disruptive, they had to stay at the ranch even longer.
16. meeting the person in charge
being forced to stop their education
1.
2.
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
learning basic survival skills
3. copyingUnderstanding the reading
someone because they admire them Activity 7B
4. escaping punishment after behaving badly
5. remainingStep
in a restricted area without
2: Scan each speaking
paragraph for
6. keyof
being jealous words. Expect synonyms
someone F As the weeks went by, the teenagers acquired a new outlook
7. committingand paraphrasing to be used.
a crime
on life. Joe changed a lot: in the cowboys, he found the strong
8. having no opportunity to relax
male role models he’d lost when his parents divorced and his
9. being denied any contact with family members
14. a changingsurprise
attitude to the world father left home. Turnabout changed Xanthe, too. Her mother
10. an unpleasant
had remarried when she was fifteen and she realized that envy
11. appearing on television
12. 3. copying
having someone
to cooperate withbecause
others tothey
complete a of her new stepfather had caused her bad behavior. Turn-
admire
task them about changed the other teenagers too, at least for now ...
13. working with animals
6. being jealous of someone
14. a changing attitude to the world
15. doing something because everything else has
failed
16. meeting the person in charge
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 8A

1. relationship
Xanthe now has a good ________________ with her parents.

2. divorced
Tom’s parents ________________ last year but then remarried each other!

3. close
My best friend is always fighting with her brother, but I’m very ________________ to mine.

4. stepfather
Now that your mum’s remarried, how do you get on with your new ________________?

5. spoiled
His parents always give him every thing he wants, so he’s completely ________________ .
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 8B

1. have a trick up your sleeve

a. have a secret plan


READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 8B

2. do something as a last resort

e. do something because
everything else has failed
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 8B

3. have something in common


with someone

c. have similar attitudes or


interests to someone
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 8B

4. mess somebody about

d. cause somebody problems


READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Understanding the reading Activity 8B

5. a waste of time

d. not worth doing


READING

 PREPARING TO READ

 UNDERSTANDING THE TEXT


 EXPRESSING WHAT YOU THINK
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Expressing what you think Activity 9A

Choose the correct words.

1. What do you and your family argue/ dispute about the most?

2. Would you describe yourself as organized or untidy/ a mess?

3. Does your mom nag/ shout you to tidy your room?

4. What do members of your family do that sometimes makes you miss/ lose
your temper?

5. Do you mom and dad observe/ respect your privacy?

6. What would you do if somebody in your class tried to bully/ force you?
READING: REAL-LIFE BRAT CAMP
Expressing what you think Activity 9B

Ask and answer the questions with a partner.

1. What do you and your family argue about the most?

2. Would you describe yourself as organized or untidy?

3. Does your mom nag you to tidy your room?

4. What do members of your family do that sometimes makes you lose your
temper?

5. Do you mom and dad respect your privacy?

6. What would you do if somebody in your class tried to bully you?


CONTENTS
 READING: Real life Brat Camp
 Skill Focus: Understanding paraphrase
 IELTS Tasks: Sentence completion; Matching information


 WRITING: Conflicts between parents and teenagers
 Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples
 Grammar: Sentence variety (3) – Clauses & The complex
sentence
WRITING


 WRITING SKILL: Stating reasons and giving examples

 GRAMMAR: Sentence Variety (3): Clauses & The complex sentences

 WRITING TASK: Conflicts between parents and teenagers


WRITING
Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples

• Writers state reasons to explain why something


happens. Reasons can explain why people act or do
things in a certain way or why things happen.

• Writers support their reasons with examples. Examples


can be specific situations or personal observations that
writers give to make their reasons clearer.
WRITING
Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples
Topic Sentence: Some people don't know their neighbours very well.

Reason 1: They don’t see each other often enough.

Example: They work so much that they are rarely at home during the day.

Example: They prefer not to spend much time outside.

Reason 2: They make wrong assumptions about their neighbours.

Example: They think their neighbours are unfriendly when in fact they are
just shy.

Example: They assume their neighbours are not interested in being friends.
WRITING
Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples

There are certain phrases that


signal examples, such as:

• For example,
• For instance
WRITING
Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples

Because is often used


reason to show reasons why
something happens or
is true. When because
Because they don't feel safe themselves, is at the beginning of a
second subject-verb combination
sentence, a comma is
put before the second
subject-verb
they don't think they can help someone else. combination.
WRITING
Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples

When because is
reason
in the middle of
People may not help because they don't feel safe. a sentence, no
comma is used.
WRITING Activity 10

Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples


Why Siblings Fight
There are a number of reasons why sisters and brothers might fall out. First of all, each child
has their own personalities and behaviours, and because of these differences, they might not
get along well. For example, when a talkative and sociable child keeps listening to loud music
and speaking loudly, a shy and quiet child might get annoyed and start a fight. Another
reasons is parents' behaviours at home. When parents usually get angry with each other in
front of their children, the children will tend to behave similarly. If parents are calm and nice
toward each other, siblings will learn to deal with arguments and problems in a more relaxed
way. Finally, parents' undivided attention can be a reason for conflicts among siblings. For
instance, when a mother takes too much time to take care of and play with the smaller
sibling, the older one might get jealous. Therefore, he starts a fight with his younger sibling to
get more attention. Overall, siblings' fights are common and unavoidable. Different
personalities, parents' behaviours, and parents' undivided attention are just three of many
reasons why brothers and sisters do not get along.
WRITING
Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples
Activity 11
Underline the reasons. Add comma if needed.

1. Because the witnesses didn't feel responsible ,they did nothing to help.

2. Because our brains have mirror neurons,we can feel what others feel.

3. The scientists performed an experiment because they wanted to prove their theory.

4. Altruistic behaviour is complex because many factors are involved.

5. Because the street was so busy, no one noticed the man.


WRITING

 WRITING SKILL: Stating reasons and giving examples


 GRAMMAR: Sentence Variety (3): Clauses & The complex sentences

 WRITING TASK: Conflicts between parents and teenagers


WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

THE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

• expresses a complete thought


• stand on its own
• contains at least a subject and a verb
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

THE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

Paris has excellent art museums.


SUBJECT VERB

It was cold and windy yesterday.


SUBJECT VERB

We finished our homework and cleaned up the kitchen.


SUBJECT VERB VERB
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

THE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE


• can have compound subjects

Mike and Bobby are caught by


the police.
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

THE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

• can have compound verbs

Tom went home and ran to the


toilet right away.
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

THE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

(a.k.a. THE SIMPLE SENTENCE)

• expresses a complete thougtht


• stand on its own
• contains at least a subject and a verb
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

THE DEPENDENT CLAUSE

• does NOT express a complete thought


• can’t stand on its own
• contains subordinator + subject + verb
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
SUBORDINATORS

Time People Reason Condition


• after • who • as • as if
• as soon as • that • because • even if
• before • since • if
• since Things • unless
• which Contrast
• until
• although
• while • that Purpose
• even though • in order that
• when
• though • so that
• whenever
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

Subordinator + S + V

because Paris has excellent art museums.

although It
it was cold and windy yesterday.

after We
we finished our homework and cleaned up the kitchen.
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

THE COMPLEX SENTENCE

Independent Clause +
Dependent Clause(s)
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

(because, after,
although, when,
etc.)
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
INDEP DEP
CLAUSE CLAUSE

Susie dumped Mike because he was cheating on her.

S V subordinator S V
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
DEP INDEP
CLAUSE CLAUSE

Because Mike was cheating on Susie, she dumped him.

Subordinator S V , S V

The clauses in a complex sentence can be in any order. If


the dependent clause is first, put a comma after it.
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
Time Subordinators

after He goes to school after he finishes work.


as Several overcrowded buses passed as we were waiting.
as soon as She felt better as soon as she took the medicine.
before Before you apply to college, you have to take an entrance exam.
since It has been a year since I left home.
until We can't leave the room until everyone has finished the test.

when When you start college, you sometimes have to take a placement test.

whenever Whenever I don't sleep well, I feel sick the next day.
while Several overcrowded buses passed while they were waiting.
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

Reason Subordinators

because Jack excels at sports because he trains hard.


since Since she works out daily, Jill is in great shape.
as As they want to compete in a marathon, they run every day.
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence

Place Subordinators

where I can never remember where I put my house keys.


wherever A baby animal follows its mother wherever she goes.
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
Activity 12A

, experience weightlessness.
Whenever astronauts leave Earth's atmosphere they

1. Astronauts often feel seasick when they first experience weightlessness.

2. Astronauts must exercise on special machines while they are orbiting Earth

in their spacecraft.

3. When the first Russian cosmonauts exited spacecraft,they had to be carried

because they could not walk.


WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
Activity 12A

4. The students were silent as the teacher handed out the test.

5. The students worked on the test problems until the teacher told them to

stop.

6. As soon as the teacher told them to stop writing,they put down their pencils.

7. After the teacher collected the tests,she dismissed the class.


WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
Activity 12A

8. Before she left,she promised to post their scores where students could view them.

9. Since noise can change their heart rate and increase blood pressure,it is harmful

to the body.

10. Loud noise is especially harmful as it damages the ear drums.

11. Rock musicians and construction workers can lose their hearing because they are

exposed to loud noise over long periods of time.


WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
Activity 12B

1. The hair dryer was not working right, so I returned it to the store.

Because the hair dryer was not working right, I returned it to the store.

2. Carlo set the table, and his wife finished cooking dinner.

As Carlo set the table, his wife finished cooking dinner.

3. Maggie could have gotten good grades, but she didn't study enough.

Although Margo could have gotten good grades, she didn’t study enough.
WRITING
Grammar: Clauses & the complex sentence
Activity 12B

4. I watered my drooping African violets, and they perked right up.

After I watered my drooping African violets, they perked right up.


5. The little boy kept pushing the "down" button, but the elevator didn't
come any more quickly.
Though the little boy kept pushing the “down” button, the elevator didn’t come
any more quickly.

6. I never really knew what pain was, and then I had four impacted wisdom
teeth pulled at once.
I never really knew what pain was until I had four impacted wisdom teeth pulled at
once.
WRITING

 WRITING SKILL: Stating reasons and giving examples

 GRAMMAR: Sentence Variety (3): Clauses & The complex sentences


 WRITING TASK: Conflicts between parents and teenagers
WRITING
Writing task: Conflicts between parents and teenagers

Write a paragraph about the reasons for conflicts


between teenagers and parents.

Give reasons for your answer and include any


relevant examples from your own knowledge or
experience..

Use the vocabulary and grammar from the lesson.


WRITING
Writing task: Conflicts between parents and teenagers
Activity 13

GROUP WORK

Brainstorm a list of reasons


for conflicts between
parents and teenagers.
WRITING
Writing task: Conflicts between parents and teenagers
Activity 14

PLANNING
• Look at your notes in Activity 13.
Circle two or three reasons you
want to include in your
paragraph. Then think of
examples to support these
reasons.
• Write an outline for your
paragraph.
WRITING
Writing task: Conflicts between parents and teenagers
Activity 15

Use the information in the chart in


Activity 14 to write a first draft of your
paragraph.

Try to use the grammar and a few


vocabulary items from this unit in
some of your sentences..
WRITING
Writing task: Conflicts between parents and teenagers
Activity 16
• Step 1: Answer the questions below about your partner's paragraph.

• Step 2: Tell your partner one thing that you liked about his or her paragraph.
• Step 3: Share your answers to the questions in Step 1 with your partner.
WRITING
Writing task: Conflicts between parents and teenagers
Activity 17

Now use what you learned form your


the peer evaluation activity to write a
second draft of your paragraph. Make
any necessary changes.
CONTENTS
 READING: Real-life Brat Camp
 Skill Focus: Understanding paraphrase
 IELTS Tasks: Sentence completion; Matching information

 WRITING: Conflicts between parents and teenagers


 Writing Skill: Stating reasons and giving examples
 Grammar: Sentence variety (3) – Clauses & The complex
sentence
THANK YOU!

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