CONFUCIANISM

 The system of ethics, education, and statesmanship

taught by Confucius and his disciples, stressing love
for humanity, ancestor worship, reverence for
parents, and harmony in thought and conduct.
 Founded by Confucius
 Adherents of Confucianism are called Confucians
or Confucianist.
 Neo-Confucianism - following
refers to the revival of the different
features of Confucian philosophy
and political customs which began
in the middle of the 9 century.
th
 TAOISM/DAOISM

 is a philosophical or religious tradition of
Chinese origin which emphasises living in
harmony with the Dao.
  Lao-Tzu (also known as Laozi or Lao-Tze) was
a Chinese philosopher credited with founding the
philosophical system of Taoism. He is best known
as the author of the Tao-Te-Ching, the work which
exemplifies his thought.
 SACRED TEXT OF TAOISM
 DAO DE JING - is a religious text of Daoism (Taoism,
pronounced DOW-ism). The text is short, made up of 81 brief
chapters. Its shortness, however, does not reflect its
importance in the history of Chinese philosophy.
 BOOK OF CHUANG TZU/TZE - A Chinese classic, the
Chuang Tzu was written sometime in the 4th century BC, and
consists of original teachings, stories, tales and jokes told by
Master Chuang, as well as others which have coalesced round
his name. 
 DOCTRINES/PRINCIPLE OF DAOISM

 Wu-Wei- Wu-wei means “no behavior” or “doing nothing.” It also

means “to do without doing” (wei-wu wei) or “actionless activity.”
It is a concept used to negate or limit human action.
 The De/ Following Nature - which means virtue or the proper
adherence to Dao, is another basic concept in Daoism.
 Mandate of heaven - is a Chinese political and religious doctrine
 used since ancient times to justify the rule of the King or 
Emperor of China. 
 SHINTOISM
 is considered as the very essence of Japanese devotion to unseen
spiritual beings and powers. It is a very local kind of religion in that it
is focused on the land of Japan, hence an “ethnic religion” that is not
interested in missionary activities so as to spread it outside Japan.
 “Shinto gods" are called kami. They are sacred spirits which take the
form of things and concepts important to life, such as wind, rain,
mountains, trees, rivers and fertility. 
 is a traditional Japanese gate most commonly found at the entrance of
or within a Shinto shrine, where it symbolically marks the transition
from the mundane to the sacred.