Earthquake engineering

Discussion material

• Seismolog
• Procedure seismic calculation
• earth quake is fenomena of nature with ground shaking
and cause human sacrifice and environmental damage.
• Cause of earth quake :
1. Tectonics
2. Volcanic activity
3. Conventional explotion and nuclear
4. Landslide
5. Meteorit effect
6. Dam filling
But this point number 1 is the most cause damage
Earth structure
Epicenter and seismograph
• Earth quake divide by 3:
1. Shallow earth quake
h < 70 km; this concern because it makes structure
damage
2. Moderate earth quake
70 km < h< 300 km
3. Deep earth quake
h> 300 km
 Scale of earth quake
• 1.richter
• 2.Intensitas modified Mercalli (MMI )
• 3.Japanese metereologi Agency ( JMA )at 8 scale
Medvedev Sponheuer Karnik ( MSK ) at 12 scale
Skala Intensitas Gempa Bumi ( SIG ) BMKG at 5 scale
Behaviour of structure
Soft storey faillures
 the philosophy of earthquake-resistant buildings

Structure design can survive :

1. without damage during a small earthquake
2. without damage at main structure but make damage at non
structure during moderate earthquake
3. Big earthquake , structure and non structure damage but no failure
for safety of occupant / run away
Earthquake Engineering Building Code SNI
1726-2019
Need:
• Building multi story failure dominan cause by seismic
• Building must calculated by earth quake force/seismic
before construction, means design structure calculation
include seismic.
• Step calculation for seismic for Indonesia that’s use SNI
1726-2019
Procedure seismic calculation SNI
1726-2019
• Risk category
• Important factor
• Site classification
Map short periode ( 0.2 sec )
Map periode 1 sec
• Coeffisient site Fa
• Coefficient site Fv
• Category seismic design
• Sds = 2/3 Fa x Ss
• Sd1 = 2/3 Fv x S1
• Design respons spektrum

To = 0.2 Ts
TL = 6 < TL < 20 detik
0 < T < T0
Sa = Sds ( 0.4 +0.6 )
T0 < T < Ts
Sa = Sds
Ts < T < TL

T > TL
 Respons spectrum
http://rsapuskim2019.litbang.pu.go.id