Lesson 1:

The Birth of the

Mind
Let's think and Share:

• Have you experienced being called

“pilosopo” by someone?
• Does it make your happy and proud or sad
and dismay?
Activity: What comes to mind?

Write your perception/ understanding of the word

“PILOSOPO”. Write your answer in the graphic organizer.
Where did Philosophy Originate?
• Philosophy : Ancient Greece 6th century BCE
• The word philosophy was first coined by Pythagoras, a Greek
Mathematician.
• He used this term to classify three classes of people who
attended the ancient Olympic Games, they are the following
(Caraan, 2016):
1. Lovers of Gain
2. Lovers of Honor
3. Lovers of Knowledge or Wisdom

• He favored the third class for not being driven by profit nor
honor. Instead they sought ways to arrive at the truth.
• He then called these people as philosophers.
How does philosophizing
begin?
SOCRATES: I see, my dear Theaetetus, that Theodorus had a true insight
into your nature when he said that you were a philosopher; for wonder is
the feeling of a philosopher, and philosophy begins in
wonder. 
(Plato, Theaetetus 155c-d, 
"Philosophy begins in the things
human beings say"

G.E. Moore
Rene Descartes: a person begins to
philosophize when in
DOUBT.
Karl Jaspers: when face with
LIMIT SITUATIONS
Whether it is in wonder, or doubt, or helplessness, something of the very
nature and reality of the Human situation does impel the person to do
so.
Robert Johann calls it the tension of human experience.
This tension springs from the very nature of the person as openness
to reality, as response- ability to the other, as not being identical with
oneself or as self-becoming. Springing from the tensions of human
life, to philosophize is to BEAR WITNESS TO THIS
SITUATEDNESS OF OUR HUMANITY.
 What does a philosopher do with this tension that a non-
philosopher or one who has ceased philosophizing does not?
The philosopher brings it to consciousness, awareness and
reflection, making explicit what is implicit in human
experience.
Reflection is bending back on oneself, becoming aware of one's
own life, which includes the world of the other.
“The unexamined life is not worth living.”-Socrates
To reflect is also to gain distance from
oneself and one's situation.
What is Philosophy?
Etymologically:
PHILOSOPHY comes from the two Greek words:
“Philos/ Philia” means “to love”;
“Sophia” means “wisdom”

Thus, philosophy means “love of wisdom”.

PHILOSOPHY

•Philosophy is an enduring search for

meaning. It is a journey in search for
the truth.
WESTERN TRADITION ON
PHILOSOPHY: WISDOM
How about LOVE?
To PHILOSOPHize means:
•to search passionately for wisdom
•to love wisdom because one was not in
full possession of it.
Philosophy

- far from being purely speculative.

- It is first of all felt, a passion, a desire, a
value.
What is this Wisdom that the
Philosopher loves?
Eastern tradition:
Indian Philosophy

- The Hindu word for Philosophy is “Darshana”:

“to see”, not just with the eyes or the mind, but with
the one's whole being.
- What is to be seen with one's whole being is none
other than the TRUTH or the REAL - what is
unchanging, eternal, and universal.
Eastern tradition:
Chinese Philosophy

- Philosophy as “Cheh- Hsueh”

Hsueh means learning.
Cheh is a compound character made up of a hand, a measurement, and mouth.
- Philosophy is learning to measure one’s words with one's deeds.
- To philosophize is to know in a very different way from learning a skill.; It is first to
learn to be moral where one's speech, feelings, knowledge and actions are integrated
in one whole
Branches of Philosophy
• Metaphysics (literally, “what is beyond physics or nature”) deals with the
nature of the world and everything that exists. Many of the earliest
philosophers concerned themselves with explaining what matter was made of
—with finding out what the common, most basic quality everything had.
Thales (624-546 BCE), who is often considered the first Greek
philosopher, proposed that everything was made of water.
Heraclitus (535-475 BCE) claimed that everything was in a state of flux or
perpetual movement, and that everything would start and end with fire.
Branches of Philosophy
• Epistemology is the branch of philosophy which deals with knowledge and knowing. In
studying knowledge, the philosopher concerns himself with questions about truth,
about whether it is even possible to know what is true. For that matter, is it possible to know
any object at all given that one’s senses can be deceptive or faulty?
• Value Theory deals more with how we live and act and, as the name implies, place value
on certain things. When we talk about Ethics​, for example, we’re interested in how to
live and act as a member of a society, as relational beings.
• In Aesthetics​, beauty is the main concern and whether it is possible to actually have a
standard of beauty at all.
All in all, if there’s one thing to remember about
philosophy, it’s that you don’t necessarily “study
philosophy.”
Rather, you do philosophy​. Success as a student of
philosophy is not based on how much you know about a
certain topic, but by ​how well you can think​.
Philosophy Applied:
• Although we engage in philosophy every day, there is value in actually realizing
and acknowledging that we’re doing philosophy.
• Take some time to pause from your daily routine. Why do you do the things that
you do? Why do you feel what you feel? Why do you think in the manner that
you do? Don’t be satisfied with the answer of “That’s just who I am.” Rather,
look deeper into what you value. In that regard, why do you value or give
importance to certain things or ideas over others? Who or what influenced you
to do so?
• Mostly, allow yourself to be filled with wonder and awe at the world of which
you are a part. Let your mind wander freely and dare to ask questions, even and
especially the ones you might not have the answers for.
 Heraclitus
Date of Birth: 535 BCE
Location of Birth: Ephesus,
Persian Empire (present-day
Efes, Turkey)

Who’s that Major Works: No known

complete works but some of his

philosopher? writings are preserved as

fragments compiled by later
philosophers.
Date of Death: 475 BC

”No man ever steps into the same

river twice.” -Heraclitus
Assignment:

In a one- half sheet of paper, answer each question in a maximum

of 10 sentences:
1. What is the difference between knowledge and wisdom?
2. What is the difference between Wise man and Clever
man?
 CATEGORY 5 3 1

Content The content The content The topic is

is relevant, is relevant, irrelevant,
complete and unsubstantial
and substantial and
substantial. yet incomplete.

Scoring incomplete.

Rubrics: Readability
of Text
All texts are
readable
and legibly
Some texts
are readable
and not
Most of the
texts are not
readable and
written. legibly not legibly
written. written.

Spelling No errors in 2-3 errors in More than 5

and grammar grammar errors in
Grammar and and spelling. grammar and
spelling. spelling.