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Funding for this project was provided by the National Science Foundation
Nanotechnology Undergraduate Education Program Award #0406533.
Purpose of the Project
• To develop modules to introduce atomic force microscope (AFM)
applications into the Physics 234 course.
• To investigate surfaces at the microscopic level to reveal
properties which account for macroscopic-scale phenomena in
light.
• To introduce and familiarize students with research-grade
equipment at an introductory level as important career preparation.
• To explore interesting engineering applications of nanotechnology.
Existing Course Lab Proposed Revisions to Lab
Structure Structure
Experiments: Experiements:
1. Data Analysis 1. Data Analysis
2. A.C. Circuits 2. A.C. Circuits
3. Microwave Optics 3. Geometric Optics*
4. Geometric Optics 4. Physical Optics*
5. Physical Optics 5. Spectroscopy*
6. Spectroscopy 6. Microwave Optics*
7. Speed of Light 7. Speed of Light
8. Michelson Interferometer 8. Michelson Interferometer
Appendix A**
4nt = λ
Bump
• The height and width of the grooves can be used to determine the shallower
angle, which is the blaze angle.
• Average groove spacing as measured by AFM is 1600 nm.
• This result is within 5% of the nominal spacing, considering 600 lines/mm.
• The blaze angle is measured to be 23o, which is within 10 % of the
manufacturer’s specification.
Blazed Diffraction Gratings
m=0
Blaze condition:
m = -1 sin-1(n sin θB) – θB = θm
m = -2
Setup for the Microwave Experiment
Grating
Plates
+
T
R
The Macroscopic Diffraction Grating
Results for the Microwave Experiment
(Slit width = 4 cm; Slit separation = 6 cm)
No diffraction
grating used
used
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Angle (Degrees)