Technology and

Livelihood Education
Horticulture
Select Farm Tools, Implements
and Equipment
 Hand Tools

Hand tools are usually light and are used

without the help of animals or machines. They
are being used in performing farm activities
which involve small areas like school garden
and home garden.

2
 Bolo
is used for cutting
tall grasses and
weeds and chopping
branches of trees.

3
 Crowbar
is used for digging
big holes and for
digging out big
stones and stumps.

4
Pick-mattock

is used for digging

canals, breaking hard
topsoil and for digging
up stones and tree
stumps.

5
 Grab-hoe
is used for breaking
hard topsoil and
pulverizing soil.

6
 Spade
is used for removing
trash or soil, digging
canals or ditches, and
mixing soil media.

7
 Shovel
is used in removing
trash, digging loose soil,
moving soil from one
place to another and for
mixing soil media.

8
 Rake
is used for cleaning the
ground and leveling the
topsoil.

9
 Spading fork

is used for loosening the

soil, digging out root
crops and turning over
the materials in a
compost heap.

10
 Light hoe
is used for loosening and
leveling soil and digging
out furrows for planting.

11
Hand trowel
is used for loosening the
soil around the growing
plants and putting small
amount of manure
fertilizer in the soil.

12
 Hand cultivator
is used for cultivating the
garden plot by loosening
the soil and removing
weeds around the plant.

13
 Hand fork
is used for inter row
cultivation.

14
Pruning shears
is for cutting branches of
planting materials and
unnecessary branches of
plants.

15
 Axe
is for cutting bigger size
post.

16
 Knife
is for cutting planting
materials and for
performing other
operations in
horticulture.

17
 Sprinklers
are used for watering
seedlings and young
plants

18
 Water pails
are used for hauling
water, manure and
fertilizers

19
 Sprayers
is for spraying
insecticides, foliar
fertilizers, fungicides and
herbicides

20
Wheel barrow
is used for hauling trash,
manures, fertilizers,
planting materials and
other equipment.

21
 Sickle
is a hand-held
agricultural tool with a
variously curved blade
typically used for cutting
weeds.

22
 Technology and
Livelihood Education
Horticulture
Perform Preventive
Maintenance
Why do we need to perform
preventive maintenance of our
farm tools and equipment?

1. To keep the optimum condition of physical facilities at

acceptable levels and minimum cost to satisfy the expected
services and activities at acceptable and minimum cost.
2. To extend the shelf life of our farm facilities
3. To assure the operational readiness and maximum cost return
on investment
4. To ensure the safety of person using the facilities or farm tools.
What are the benefits if farm tools
and equipment are cleaned and
maintain?

1. Ensured SAFETY, reduce the risk of accident to user or

operator
2. Reduced operational COST or cost of maintenance
3. Increase PRODUCTION, and reduce time and effort resulting to
efficient operations.
4. Prolong LIFE of farm tools, it will last longer and return the
favor of investment.
5. Prompt DELIVERY of services and farm products
Why is it important to check and
clean and maintain tools and
equipment before and after using?

 Inspecting the tools on a regular basis will help reduce the

chance of someone using an unsafe tool.
 It will save money and time, since when you are ready to start
the task, the correct tools is also ready for service.
 Just think how hard it would be to complete your task if half
the tools where either broken or in poor condition that you had
to take time to repair it or clean it prior to use.
What happen if farm tools and
equipment are not properly
maintained?

 These tools can be very dangerous and when they are not
maintained properly, they can cause serious injuries, such as
electric shock, finger or hand injuries or severe eye injuries.
 Definition of Terms

 EQUIPMENT-may include mechanical assets, heavy off-road

vehicles, or powered machine used for farming.
 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE-is an activity or operation that
is regularly performed while the tools and equipment are still
working to lessen or prevent malfunction or unexpected break
down of any tools and equipment.
 BURRS- is the formation of rough edges on the metals. It is
especially common with cutting operation on sheet of metals.
 Definition of Terms

 HAND TOOLS-are objects that are usually light and are used
without the help of animals and machine.

 REPAIR-is any act to restore the good condition of tools and

equipment.

 HONING- basically maintaining an already sharp edge.

Things to do to maintain the serviceable life
span of tools and equipment:

1. Cleaning after using

Cleaning your tools is probably the last thing you
want to do after hard day’s work, but it is essential for
keeping your tools in shape. See to it that bolos, grub
hoes, trowels, and all the rest of farm tools and
equipment are cleaned with at least water and possibly
with soap after using before they are kept in the rack
or storage box/cabinets or storage area.
2. Wiping with dry cloth
Cleaning the tools with water and rinsing with
detergent are not enough. It will be better if they are
stored clean and dry than clean and wet to avoid rust.
Dry with a cloth.
3. Oiling
It is even better if oil is applied to iron parts of the
tools. They will not be exposed to the chemicals
reaction that causes them to rust and prevent the
attack of termites and other pest.
4. Fixing the destroyed or damaged parts
Destroyed handles of hoes. Bolos, shovels, and other
tools must be fixed so that they can be used properly.
Fixing includes replacing the worn out parts, or spare
parts, and the whole equipment if heavily destroyed.
5. Sharpening tools
Continuous usage of farm tools and equipment will
lead to inefficient work because they cannot be used
easily and faster than when they are newly sharpened.
6. Proper storage
wooden rack, wooden box or wooden cabinet is the
most ideal storage bin for farm tools and equipment.
Always store tools in proper place, proper place is
where the tools will be protected from damages. Lock
your boxes/cabinets so that children can open them
for curiosity.
7. Periodic checking of their condition
Always inspect the tools when they are in the rack /
cabinet or storage area. This will enable you to see for
yourself whether they are in good/usable condition or
it is time to for you to fix it, clean, sharpened, oil, or
purchase new one.
 CIRCUMFERENCE, AREA AND VOLUME
FOR SIMPLE

If you want to know the circumference of your field,

you can measure the boundaries of the whole field
using your measuring tape. You need to measure all
four sides of the land. The four sides together of a
plain field give the (total) circumference.
To calculate the area of
rectangle, you multiply
one long side (the length)
by one short line (the
width).
For volume, an object must
have length, width and depth (or
height). For example a box, we
multiply by length, by width and
by the depth or height.