PALEONTOLOGY (GEOL

1108)
THEME ASSIGNED: Invertebrates
TITLE:Origin, phylogeny, faunal composition, and
stratigraphical significance of the Albian
engonoceratidae (pulchelliaceae, ammonitina) of
Peru
BY: Emmanuel Roberta, Luc Georges Bulotb
Presented by:
Morocho Marlon, Ortega Nathalia
SCHOOL OF EARTH SCIENCES, ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT
YACHAY TECH UNIVERSITY
Dr. Jorge Toro Álava, PhD.
Lecturer of Geol 1100
Urcuquí, August 16, 2022.

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Content
• Background - General presentation
• Geographic location of the study
• General geology
• The Geo-Problem – Objective to be solved
• Methodology
• Findings – Results
• Conclusions
• References

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 Background
• Recent study of the Albian ammonite fauna from
Peru provides a major revision of the systematic
position and taxonomy of the family
Engonoceratidae, which we place in the superfamily
Pulchelliaceae.
• Peruvian specimens show a monophyletic evolution
marked by four morphological and stratigraphical
stages, from unornamented Platiknemiceras to
evolute Glottoceras and Engonoceras.
• The highest diversity (15 species) in the upper part
of the Lower Albian.

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 Geographic location of the study
• During the Albian,this
basin recorded a major
marine transgression,
characterized by three
transgressive pulses:

• LowerAlbian:Pariahuanca
• Anoxic sediments of the
Pariatambo
• Shelf carbonates of the
Pulluicana
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Geographic location of the study

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 General Geology
• The Peruvian part of the Andean basin is a back-
arc zone protected by a magmatic arc to the west
and characterized by shallow-water depths.

• In the North Andean Basin: 550 specimens

representative of the genera Parengonoceras,
Glottoceras, Engonoceras, and Platiknemiceras.
Understanding of the faunal assemblages,
biochronostratigraphic significance, ontogeny, and
phylogeny of the Peruvian Engonoceratidae.

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GeoProblem- Objective

•Family engonoceratidae (Hoplitaceae or

pulchelliaceae?)
•Peruvian and Andean engonoceratids
• Origin
• Peruvian ancestor Parengonoceras haasi
Benavides Ca ́ceres
• Phylogeny
• Major characters and faunal composition
• Genus Glottoceras Hyatt
• Other genera
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Methodology
• Recollecting the major amount of samples
in the study zone.

• Classification of different samples

depending of:
• Family engonoceratidae
• Peruvian and Andean engonoceratids

• Analizing the samples by a correct

interpreation of the paleoenviroment
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Results
Family engonoceratidae
Hoplitaceae or pulchelliaceae?
• Luppov and Drushchits (1958), integration of
Engonoceratidae (including subfamilies
Neolobitinae, Engonoceratinae, and
Knemiceratinae) and the families Sphenodiscidae
and Placenticeratidae.

• Similarity of the discoidal sections of the primitive

Platiknemiceras and some Engonoceras to the
Barremian–Aptian Subpulchellia and close forms.
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Results
Family engonoceratidae
Taxonomic content
• Engonoceratidae included Knemiceras Bo ̈hm,
Engonoceras Neumayr and Uhlig, Neolobites
Fischer, and Protengonoceras Hyatt.
• Enonoceratidae includes Knemiceras Bo ̈hm,
Parengonoceras Spath, Glottoceras Hyatt,
Hypengonoceras Spath, Platiknemiceras
Bataller, Engonoceras Neumayr and Uhlig,
Protengonoceras Hyatt, Metengonoceras
Hyatt, and Neolobites Fischer.
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Results
Family engonoceratidae
Origin and biostratigraphical significance

• The oldest representatives of the family are

Parengonoceras mahmoudii, Parengonoceras
algerianum, and Parengonoceras hachourii of the
‘Monts du Mellegue’

• From east to west, they have been recorded from

present Japan and India to new world basins
such as the Caribbean and Andean
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Results
Family engonoceratidae
Origin and biostratigraphical significance

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Results
Peruvian and Andean engonoceratids
Origin
• It belongs to the first Albian ammonite association
of Peru, represents the umbilicostatus biohorizon,
considered as equivalent pro parte to the
European

• Beyond its original area (Baños del Inca),

biostratigraphy identifies this specimen as the
oldest engonoceratid in the Andean basin

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Results
Peruvian and Andean engonoceratids
Origin

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Results
Peruvian and Andean engonoceratids
Origin

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Results
Peruvian and Andean engonoceratids
Origin

Puente Zonanga

• The first clear representative of the Peruvian

Engonoceratidae is the primitive Parengonoceras
haasi Benavides (Puente Zonanga)
• The general morphology of specimen 99-Z3Eb-01

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Results
Peruvian and Andean engonoceratids
Origin

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Results
Peruvian and Andean engonoceratids
Origin

Puente Zonanga

• The first clear representative of the Peruvian

Engonoceratidae is the primitive Parengonoceras
haasi Benavides (Puente Zonanga)
• The general morphology of specimen 99-Z3Eb-01

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Results
Origin
Morphological data lead to consider a
phyletic relation between
Parengonoceras mahmoudii and
Parengonoceras haasi .
The first Andean populations of
Engonoceratidae can be interpreted as
a result of the migration of earliest
Albian individuals along the south
Tethyan margin toward theAndean (8). Parengonoceras haasi Benavides Cáceres,
Upper Lower Albian, Puente Zonanga. (5)

basin.
Engonoceras gr. stolleyi-hilli Bo¨hm, Upper Middle
1 Albian, Pongo de Rentema. Robert et al. 2004
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 Results
Parengonoceras haasi
Orthogenetics stages:
• Unornamented and compressed
• Appearance of periumbilical and
ventrolateral bullae.
• Apperance of a third row of lateral
bullae on the middle of the flanks.
• The development of a second lateral
Evolution of the ornamentation during the ontogeny of
row of bullae in an intermediate Parengonoceras haasi, after the description by Benavides
Cáceres. Robert et al. 2004
position between ventrolateral and
mediolateral rows
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0
 Results
Phylogeny
1. Representative of the
lower umbilicostatus
biohorizon.
2. Peak of diversity in the
Raimondii subzone.
3. Biological crisis cause
by and anoxic event.
4. New unornamented
representatives Phyletical relations between the Peruvian engonoceratidae [Platiknemiceras,
Parengonoceras (P.) and Glottoceras (G.)] genera and species. Robert et al. 2004

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1
 Results
Glottoceras Hyatt
The Andean taxa clearly show narrower
ventral region, less inflated sections, and
weaker ornamentation. The relative
breadth of the saddles and lobes of the
suture line are similar, in contrast to
Knemiceras syriacum, where the saddles
are broadly dominant and lobes are more
indented. The first lateral saddle, large and
trifid, is common to both groups
Comparative morphologies of the type species Glottoceras
attenuatum (Hyatt) and Knemiceras syriacum (von Buch). The
bars indicate 1 cm. Robert et al 2004
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 Results
Other genera
• Parengoceras Spath
P. ebrayi de Loriol, P. pernodesum, P.
guadaloupaeforme and P. duartei
• Platiknemiceras Bataller
Oldest Engonoceratidae of the Albian in
Perú.
• Engonoceras Neumayr and Uhlig
From the lower Albian to the Cenomian,
the latest in Perú. There are 12 specimens.
(1)Parengonoceras ebrayi.(2) Parengonoceras pernodosum
2 (Sommermeier).(3) Parengonoceras duartei (Etayo Serna), (4)
Platiknemiceras cf. flexuosum, Paria Puquio. (5) Engonoceras
3 gr. stolleyi-hilli Bohm, Upper Middle Albian, Pongo de
Rentema. Robert et al 2004.
Conclusions
• The revision provides new information for the
Engonoceratidae origin, phylogeny and
stratigraphic significance.
• The Glottoceras is reinstaled and there were
found for the first time taxa as the P. ebrayi,
P.duartei, E. stolleyi-hilli and Platiknemiceras
flexuosum.

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References

• Robert, E., & Bulot, L. G. (2004). Origin, phylogeny,

faunal composition, and stratigraphical significance
of the Albian engonoceratidae (pulchelliaceae,
ammonitina) of Peru. Journal of South American
Earth Sciences, 17(1), 11-23.

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