Introduction To The Field Of

Management
What does a manger Do?
Who Are Managers?
• Manager
⮚ Someone who coordinates and oversees the work of
other people so that organizational goals can be
accomplished.
Classifying Managers
• First-line Managers
⮚ Individuals who manage the work of non-managerial
employees.
• Middle Managers
⮚ Individuals who manage the work of first-line
managers.
• Top Managers
⮚ Individuals who are responsible for making
organization-wide decisions and establishing plans
and goals that affect the entire organization.
Managerial Levels
What Do Managers Do?
• Functional Approach
⮚ Planning
❖Defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve goals,
developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities.
⮚ Organizing
❖Arranging and structuring work to accomplish organizational
goals.
⮚ Leading
❖Working with and through people to accomplish goals.
⮚ Controlling
❖Monitoring, comparing, and correcting work.
Management Functions
Management Roles Approach
• n 1960s Henry Mintzberg
conducted a survey to
determine the role of
managers.
• He concluded that managers
perform ten different but highly
related roles that are attributed
to their jobs.
• He categorized these roles into
three broad classes based on
their relativity.
Management Roles Approach (Mintzberg)

⮚ Interpersonal roles
❖Figurehead,
❖Leader,
❖Liaison
⮚ Informational roles
❖Monitor,
❖Disseminator,
❖Spokesperson
⮚ Decisional roles
❖Entrepreneur
❖Disturbance handler,
❖ Resource allocator,
❖ Negotiator
Interpersonal Roles

Roles that managers assume to provide direction and

supervision to both employees and the organization as
a whole.
⮚ Figurehead—symbolizing the organization’s mission and
what it is seeking to achieve.
⮚ Leader—training, counseling, and mentoring high
employee performance.
⮚ Liaison—linking and coordinating the activities of people
and groups both inside and outside the organization.
Informational Roles

Roles associated with the tasks needed to obtain and

transmit information in the process of managing the
organization.
⮚ Monitor—analyzing information from both the internal
and external environment.
⮚ Disseminator—transmitting information to influence the
attitudes and behavior of employees.
⮚ Spokesperson—using information to positively influence
the way people in and out of the organization respond to
it.
Decisional Roles

Roles associated with methods managers use in planning

strategy and utilizing resources.
⮚ Entrepreneur—deciding which new projects or programs to
initiate and to invest resources in.
⮚ Disturbance handler—managing an unexpected event or
crisis.
⮚ Resource allocator—assigning resources between
functions and divisions, setting the budgets of lower
managers.
⮚ Negotiator—reaching agreements between other managers,
unions, customers, or shareholders.
What Do Managers Do? (cont’d)
• Skills Approach
⮚ Technical skills
❖Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field
⮚ Human skills
❖The ability to work well with other people
⮚ Conceptual skills
❖The ability to think and conceptualize about abstract and
complex situations concerning the organization
Exhibit 1–5 Skills Needed at Different Management Levels
Skill Types Needed
 MANAGEMENT LAB

ACTIVITY-1-ENTREPRISING