MULTI CRITERIA

DECISION MAKING

BY

KISHOREKUMAR V 19BME0714

VIGNESHWARAN 19BME0709
INTRODUCTION
A process of evaluating real word situations based on various
qualitative ,  quantiative criteria in certain, uncertain, to
suggest a choice, strategy, policy among the available options. 
STEPS IN MCDM METHODOLOGY:
 Defining the problem and fixing the criteria.
 Data collection.
 Establishment of feasible alternatives.
 Formulation of payoff matrix.
 Selection of decision makers preferences.
 Choosing one or more best alternatives for further analysis.
MCDM METHODS:
  Normalization
  WSM&WPM(weighted sum model & weighted product model)
  WASPAS(weight aggregated sum product assessment)
  TOPSIS(Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution.
  VIKOR(Vlsekriterijumsko kompromisno  rangiranje).
  PROMETHEE-1&2(Preference ranking organization method for enrichment
evaluation).
  DEA(Data envelopment analysis)
  AHP(Analytic hierarchy process)
MCDM METHODS:
  Concept of sub-criteria,local weights and global weights.
  Critic method(Weight determination of criteria/attributes).
  Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(using geometric mean).
  FAHP(For weight calculation using extent analysis method.
  Graph theory and matrix approach.
  DEMATEL(Decision making trial and evaluation laboratory method)
MCDM METHODS:
  Best worst method- finding subjective weights of criteria.
  Fuzzy Topsis.
  Entrophy method.
  Consistency in AHP(Analytical hierachy process).
  Analytic network process(Converting AHP to ANP)
  Rank reversal in AHP.
NORMALIZATION METHOD:
Normalization in MCDM is a trasformation  process to obtain numerical and
comparable input data by using a common scale, After collecting input data we must
do some pre-processing to ensure comparability of criteria, thus making it useful for
decision modeling.
NORMALISATION TECHNIQUE:
 Linear normalization -1.
 Linear normalization -2.
 Linear normalization (max-min).
 Linear normalization (sum).
 Vector normalization.
 Enhanced accuracy normalization.
Logarithmic normalization.
LINEAR NORMALISATION - 1:
BENEFICAL CRITERIA:
Benefical criteria are those criteria whose lower value is desired.
Example: storage space, camera, looks we desire to have more storage
space.
NON BENEFICAL CRITERIA:
Non benefical criteria are those criteria whose lower value is desired.
Example:  cost , we desire to have a product with lowest cost on other
LINEAR NORMALISATION - 1
LINEAR NORMALISATION - 2
LINEAR NORMALISATION (MAX,MIN)
LINEAR NORMALISATION (SUM)
VECTOR NORMALISATION:
ENHANCED ACCURACY
NORMALIZATION:
LOGARITHMIC NORMALIZATION:
WEIGHT SUM MODAL & WEIGHT
PRODUCT MODAL
WEIGHT SUM MODAL:
The weighted sum is defined as. where X is the response variable and W is the
weights variable. The response variable and weights variable must have the same
number of observations. For this command, the weights are not normalized.
WEIGHT PRODUCT MODAL:
The weighted product model is a popular multi-criteria decision analysis / multi-
criteria decision making method. It is similar to the weighted sum model. The main
difference is that instead of addition in the main mathematical operation now there
is multiplication.
WEIGHTED SUM MODAL
WEIGHT SUM MODAL
WEIGHT PRODUCT MODAL
WEIGHT PRODUCT MODAL
WASPAS(WEIGHTED AGGREGATE SUM
PRODUCT ASSESSMENT)
  a MCDM approach combining the results of two different models, namely
weighted sum model (WSM) and weighted product model (WPM).
WASPAS:
TOPSIS(TECHNIQUE FOR ORDER PREFERENCE
BY SIMILARITY TO IDEAL SOLUTION):

TOPSIS method, numerical data, interval data, positive ideal solution, negative ideal
solution. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) refers to making choice of the
best alternative from among a finite set of decision alternatives in terms of multiple,
usually conflicting criteria.
TOPSIS:
TOPSIS
TOPSIS
TOPSIS
TOPSIS
VIKOR(VISEKRITERIJUMSKI
KOMPROMISNO RANGIRANJE):

The VIKOR method was developed for multi-criteria optimization of complex

systems. It determines the compromise ranking list and the compromise solution
obtained with the initial (given) weights. This method focuses on ranking and
selecting from a set of alternatives in the presence of conflicting criteria.
VIKOR
VIKOR
VIKOR
VIKOR
PROMETHEE 1 & 2- PREFERENCE
RANKING ORGANIZATION METHOD
FOR ENRICHMENT EVALUATION.

The PROMETHEE 1 and PROMETHEE 2 allow partial and complete ranking of

alternatives, respectively. The PROMETHEE 1 is used to obtain partial ranking
while PROMETHEE 2 is used for complete ranking.
PROMETHEE-2
PROMETHEE-2
PROMETHEE-2
PROMETHEE-2
PROMETHEE-2
PROMETHEE-2
PROMETHEE-1
DEA- DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

The primary focus of the DEA model is to compare decision-making units

(alternatives) in terms of their efficiency in converting inputs into outputs. A
multicriteria decision making (MCDM) method uses a common set of weights that
express a decision maker's preferences.

In DEA BENEFICAL is known as output.

In NON BENEFICAL is known as input.
DEA
DEA
DEA
AHP- ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
METHOD:

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a method for organizing and analyzing
complex decisions, using math and psychology.
STEPS FOR AHP METHOD:
Define the goal and alternatives. The process begins with your goal as the guiding
point.
Define the problem and decision criteria. 
Assess the relative value or priority of each decision criterion.
Calculate the weights of the criteria and priorities. 
Analyze consistency.
ENTROPHY METHOD:
Entropy weight method is based on amount of information to determine the index's
weight, which is one of objective fixed weight methods.
ENRTOPHY METHOD:
ENTROPHY METHOD
CRITIC METHOD:

CRITIC method uses standard deviation to measure the contrast intensity of each

criterion . The method ensures that a criterion with a higher contrast intensity or
standard deviation is assigned with a higher weight.
CRITIC METHOD
CRITIC METHOD:
CRITIC METHOD:
CRITIC METHOD
FAHP-FUZZY ANALYTIC HIERACHY
PROCESS

Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is proposed to determine the criteria weight of the
evaluation criteria. Using the linguistic variables, pairwise comparison for
evaluation criteria are made to the weights of criteria using Pythagorean fuzzy
numbers.
FAHP
FAHP
FAHP
FAHP
FAHP
FAHP
FAHP
FUZZY TOPSIS 
The basic concept of this method is that the chosen alternatives should have the
shortest distance from the positive ideal solution and the farthest distance from
negative ideal solution.
FUZZY TOPSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
FUZZY TOPOSIS
DEMETAL-DECISION MAKING TRAIL
AND EVALUATION LABORATORY
METHOD
DEMATEL approach is based on the values of a review algorithm with emphasize
on compromise solution in hybrid decision making methods as well as criteria
interrelationship studies.
DEMETAL
DEMETAL
DEMETAL
DEMETAL